thirty years' war

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thirty years war
(Tarih) otuz yıl savaşı (1618-48)
İngilizce - İngilizce
a European war fought mainly in Germany between 1618 and 1648. It led to the Habsburgs and the Holy Roman Empire losing power in Europe. (1618-48) Series of intermittent conflicts in Europe fought for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. The overall war was mainly a struggle between the Habsburg-controlled Holy Roman Empire and the Protestant principalities that relied on the chief anti-Catholic powers of Sweden and the Netherlands. It also involved the rivalry of France with the Habsburg powers, which formed anti-French alliances. The conflicts began in 1618 when the future Emperor Ferdinand II tried to impose Roman Catholicism on his domains and the Protestant nobles rebelled; the war was sparked by the Defenestration of Prague. The battlefield centred on the principalities in Germany, which suffered severely from plundering armies. Early successes by the Catholic League were countered by military gains by Sweden. When the bloodshed ended with the Peace of Westphalia (1648), the balance of power in Europe had been radically changed. France emerged as the chief Western power, and states of the Holy Roman Empire were granted full sovereignty, establishing a framework for a modern Europe of sovereign states
series of wars which were fought from 1618 to 1648 and involved several European countries (Germany, France, Sweden and Denmark)
a series of conflicts (1618-1648) between Protestants and Catholics staring in Germany and spreading until France and Denmark and Sweden were opposing the Holy Roman Empire and Spain
thirty years' war

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    thir·ty years' war

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    thırdi yîrz wôr

    Telaffuz

    /ˈᴛʜərdē ˈyərz ˈwôr/ /ˈθɜrdiː ˈjɪrz ˈwɔːr/