A rallying cry for more militant blacks advocated by younger leaders like Stokely Carmichael and H Rap Brown, beginning in the mid‑1960s It called for African Americans to form their own economic, political, and cultural institutions
A political philosophy promoted by many younger Blacks in the 1960s which supported the creation of Black-controlled political and economic institutions (p 301)
{i} movement formed by American blacks to produce social equality and equal rights and emphasize racial pride