philip

Английский Язык - Турецкий язык

Определение philip в Английский Язык Турецкий язык словарь: (Adlar, İsimler) Bir erkek ismi
gray asa asa yoelson randolph asa philip: gri asa asa yoelson Randolph asa philip
prince philip: Prens Philip

Английский Язык - Английский Язык

Определение philip в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь: One of the twelve disciples; one of the seven deacons; A patronymic surname; A male given name; {i} male first name; Husband of Elizabeth II of Great Britain. The great-great-grandson of Victoria, he was given the title Prince in 1957. One of the 12 Apostles. In the New Testament he is present at the feeding of the 5,000. French Philippe known as Philip the Good born July 31, 1396, Dijon, Burgundy died June 15, 1467, Bruges Duke of Burgundy (1419-67). The most important of the Valois dukes of Burgundy, he founded the Burgundian state that rivaled France in the 15th century. He confirmed his right to Burgundy by signing the Treaty of Troyes with Henry V of England (1420), and he maintained an alliance with England, breaking it only during his unsuccessful attempt to capture Calais (1435-39). Philip avoided conflict with France and instead attacked his smaller neighbors, conquering Hainaut, Brabant, Holland and Zeeland, and Luxembourg by 1443. A renowned patron of the arts, he presided over one of Europe's most extravagant courts. born 238 died 179 BC, Amphipolis, Macedonia King of Macedonia (221-179). Son of Demetrius II, he succeeded Antigonus Doson. He supported the Hellenic League against Sparta, Aetolia, and Elis (220-217), allying himself with Hannibal in 215 and attacking Roman client states in Illyria. Rome responded in the First Macedonian War. Intrigue against Egypt and Philip's unsuccessful sea battle with Rhodes and Pergamum led Rome to initiate the Second Macedonian War, in which it prevailed at Cynoscephalae (197). Rome's harsh terms eased after Philip made common cause against its Greek foes. Fearing that Rome would turn on him again, he attempted to expand by attacking the Balkans (184, 183, 181); he died on a fourth attempt in 179. Spanish Felipe orig. Philippe, duke d'Anjou born Dec. 19, 1683, Versailles, France died July 9, 1746, Madrid, Spain King of Spain (1700-46). Grandson of Louis XIV of France and great-grandson of Philip IV of Spain, Philip was named to succeed the childless Charles II as king in 1700. Louis's refusal to exclude Philip from the line of succession to the French throne led to the War of the Spanish Succession. The resultant Peace of Utrecht (1713) deprived Philip of the Spanish Netherlands and parts of Italy, but it left him Spain and Spanish America. Initially influenced by his French advisers through his wife, Maria Luise of Savoy, after her death (1714) he was influenced by his second wife, Elizabeth Farnese, and her Italian advisers. Attempts to secure territories in Italy caused the formation of the Quadruple Alliance (1718) against Spain. Philip later brought Spain into the War of the Austrian Succession. His reign marked the beginning of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain (see house of Bourbon). German Philipp born 1178 died June 21, 1208, Bamberg, Ger. German Hohenstaufen king (1198-1208). The youngest son of Frederick I Barbarossa, he was elected German king on the death of Emperor Henry VI. The rival Welf dynasty elected Otto IV king, and a civil war broke out. A truce was finally called in 1207; Innocent III recognized Philip and promised to crown him emperor (1208), but Philip was murdered first. King Philip Armour Philip Danforth Benjamin Judah Philip Berrigan Daniel Joseph and Philip Francis Carey Peter Philip Charles Philip Arthur George prince of Wales Freneau Philip Morin Glass Philip Henslowe Philip Johnson Philip Cortelyou King Philip's War Larkin Philip Arthur Massinger Philip Murray Philip Neri Saint Philip Ondaatje Philip Michael Philip III Philip the Good Philip II Philip of Macedon Philip the Bold Philip Augustus Philip IV Philip the Fair Philip Morris tobacco companies Philip of Hesse Philip VI Philip of Valois Philip V Philip duke of Edinburgh Prince Philip Philip of Swabia Randolph Asa Philip Rathbone Philip St. John Basil Reuther Walter Philip Roth Philip Milton Schuyler Philip John Sheridan Philip Henry Sidney Sir Philip Philip Silversmith Snowden of Ickornshaw Philip Snowden Viscount Sousa John Philip Stella Frank Philip Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart Noel Baker of the City of Derby Philip John Noel Baker Baron Philip John Baker Rosebery Archibald Philip Primrose 5th earl of Archibald Philip Primrose. Spanish Felipe born April 14, 1578, Madrid, Spain died March 31, 1621, Madrid King of Spain and of Portugal (1598-1621). The son of Philip II, he was an indifferent ruler and allowed royal favourites to govern in his place. From 1609 his government continued the policy of expelling the Moriscos (Christians of Moorish ancestry), which caused serious economic problems. The huge sums he spent on court entertainments exacerbated Spain's growing economic problems. or Philip of Macedon born 382 died 336 BC, Asia Minor Eighteenth king of Macedonia (359-336), father of Alexander the Great. Appointed regent for his nephew, he seized the throne. He initially promoted peace with his neighbours, using the time gained thereby to build his forces and introducing innovations in arms, tactics, and training and stabilizing his western frontier. His movements on the eastern frontier provoked the Greeks into forming a coalition against him. He intervened in the Sacred War to free Delphi from the Phocians, becoming the ally of Thebes and the Thessalian League, whose president he became. Demosthenes turned Athens against him with his Philippics (346-342), and Thebes also came to view Philip as a threat. He defeated both at the Battle of Chaeronea, becoming leader of all Greece. He formed the Greek states into the League of Corinth to attack Persia but was undone by family politics. After he took a second wife, his first wife, Olympias, left him, taking Alexander. Philip was assassinated by a Macedonian nobleman, possibly in collusion with Olympias and Alexander. French Philippe known as Philip the Bold born Jan. 17, 1342, Pontoise, France died April 27, 1404, Halle, Brabant Duke of Burgundy (1363-1404). He was granted the duchy of Burgundy by his father, John II, and by marriage and purchase he acquired additional lands in northern and central France, Flanders, and the Netherlands. He shared the government with his brothers during the minority of his nephew Charles VI, ensuring friendly relations with England and Germany. When Charles went insane (1392), Philip became virtual ruler of France. He formed an alliance with England (1396) and withdrew his support of the Avignon papacy (1398). French Philippe known as Philip Augustus born Aug. 21, 1165, Paris died July 14, 1223, Mantes French king (1179-1223). The first of the great Capetian kings, he gradually reconquered the French territories held by the kings of England. He joined with Richard I on the Third Crusade, but the two kings soon quarreled. Philip returned to France (1191) and attacked English possessions; imprisoned in Austria on his journey home, Richard was freed in 1194 and promptly went to war with the French. When Richard was killed (1199), his brother John signed a treaty with Philip (1200), but within two years France and England were again at war. Philip conquered Normandy (1204) and subdued Maine, Touraine, Anjou, and most of Poitou (1204-05). John later organized a coalition against France, but he was defeated by Philip at the Battle of Bouvines (1214). Philip also expanded his territory into Flanders and Languedoc. Spanish Felipe born , May 21, 1527, Valladolid, Spain died Sept. 13, 1598, El Escorial King of Spain (1556-98) and of Portugal (as Philip I, 1580-98). The son of Emperor Charles V, Philip received from his father the duchy of Milan (1540), the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily (1554), the Netherlands (1555), and Spain and its overseas empire (1556). He ruled from the Netherlands from 1555 and waged a successful war against France in 1557. From 1559 he ruled from Spain, where he built the palace of El Escorial and encouraged Spain's literary golden age. He was a champion of the Counter-Reformation but failed to put down rebellions in the Netherlands (from 1568) and to conquer England, suffering the defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588). He gained a victory in the Mediterranean with the defeat of the Ottoman offensive at the Battle of Lepanto (1571) and unified the Iberian Peninsula as king of Portugal from 1580. During his reign the Spanish empire attained its greatest power, extent, and influence. French Philippe known as Philip the Fair born 1268, Fontainebleau, France died Nov. 29, 1314, Fontainebleau King of France (1285-1314). On inheriting the French throne, he modeled himself on his grandfather, Louis IX. He was also king of Navarre (as Philip I, 1284-1305), ruling jointly with his wife, Joan I of Navarre. War with England (1294-1303) ended with a peace treaty and the betrothal of his daughter to the future Edward II. Philip forced a harsh treaty on Flanders in 1305. He conducted a long struggle with Boniface VIII (1297-1303) that led to the breakdown of the medieval papacy. He was pacified by succeeding popes, including Clement V, who began the Avignon papacy. Philip expelled the Jews from France (1306), and his persecution of the Knights Templar in 1307 led to their suppression by the pope four years later. Spanish Felipe born April 8, 1605, Valladolid, Spain died Sept. 17, 1665, Madrid King of Spain (1621-65) and of Portugal (as Philip II, 1621-40). He succeeded his father, Philip III, and left the administration of his rule to his chief ministers, the duke de Olivares (1621-43) and the duke's nephew Luis Méndez de Haro (1643-61). Spain's industry and commerce declined, and wars against Holland, France, and Germany further drained Spain's economy. Portugal regained its independence (1640), and Holland was lost by the Peace of Westphalia (1648). A poet and patron of the arts, Philip was the friend and frequent subject of Diego Velázquez. or Philip of Valois French Philippe de Valois born 1293 died Aug. 22, 1350, near Paris First French king of the Valois dynasty (1328-50). He continued Capetian efforts to centralize the state but made concessions to the nobility, clergy, and bourgeoisie. His knights killed thousands of rebellious Flemings at the Battle of Cassel (1328). His disputes with Edward III of England led to the outbreak of the Hundred Years' War (1337). French defeats at the Battles of Sluys (1340) and Crécy (1346) caused crises in France until the spread of the Black Death (from 1348) overshadowed other considerations; given name, male; The house sparrow; (1) King of Macedonia (359-336 b c e ), father of Alexander the Great (1 Macc 1: 1; 6: 2) (2) One of the Twelve, a man of Bethsaida in Galilee (Matt 10: 3; Mark 3: 18; Luke 6: 14; John 1: 43-49; 12: 21-22; 14: 8-9; Acts 1: 12-14) (3) An evangelist of the Jerusalem church who was an administrator (Acts 6: 1-6) and preacher (Acts 8: 4-8), the convertor of Simon the sorcerer (Acts 8: 9-13) and of an Ethiopian eunuch (Acts 8: 26-39) Paul visited Philip at Caesarea (Acts 21: 8-15) (4) A son of Herod the Great and Palestinian tetrarch (4 b c e -34 c e ) (Luke 3: 1); Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921); Philip, remember thou art mortal A sentence repeated to the Macedonian king every time he gave an audience Philip sober When a woman who asked Philip of Macedon to do her justice was snubbed by the petulant monarch, she exclaimed, “Philip, I shall appeal against this judgment ” “Appeal!” thundered the enraged king, “and to whom will you appeal?” “To Philip sober,” was her reply St Philip is usually represented bearing a large cross, or a basket containing loaves, in allusion to St John vi 5-7; The European hedge sparrow; Called also phip
Philip Arthur Larkin: born Aug. 9, 1922, Coventry, Warwickshire, Eng. died Dec. 2, 1985, Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire English poet. Educated at Oxford, Larkin became a librarian at the University of Hull, Yorkshire, in 1955; he would remain a librarian the rest of his life. He wrote two novels before becoming well known with his third volume of verse, The Less Deceived (1955), which expressed the antiromantic sensibility prevalent in English verse of his time. Later poetry volumes are The Whitsun Weddings (1964), High Windows (1974), and Aubade (1980). All What Jazz (1970) contains essays he wrote as a jazz critic for The Daily Telegraph (1961-71)
Philip C Johnson: born July 8, 1906, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. died January 25, 2005, New Canaan, Conn. U.S. architect and critic. He studied philosophy and architecture at Harvard University. As coauthor of The International Style: Architecture Since 1922 (1932) and director of the architecture department (1932-34, 1946-54) at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, he did much to familiarize Americans with modern European architecture. He gained fame with his own Glass House (1949), which struck a balance between the influence of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (later his collaborator on the Seagram Building) and Classical allusion. His style took a striking turn with the AT&T headquarters, New York (1984), a controversial postmodernist landmark. In 1979 Johnson became the first recipient of the Pritzker Architecture Prize
Philip Cortelyou Johnson: born July 8, 1906, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. died January 25, 2005, New Canaan, Conn. U.S. architect and critic. He studied philosophy and architecture at Harvard University. As coauthor of The International Style: Architecture Since 1922 (1932) and director of the architecture department (1932-34, 1946-54) at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, he did much to familiarize Americans with modern European architecture. He gained fame with his own Glass House (1949), which struck a balance between the influence of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (later his collaborator on the Seagram Building) and Classical allusion. His style took a striking turn with the AT&T headquarters, New York (1984), a controversial postmodernist landmark. In 1979 Johnson became the first recipient of the Pritzker Architecture Prize
Philip Danforth Armour: born May 16, 1832, Stockbridge, N.Y., U.S. died Jan. 6, 1901, Chicago, Ill. U.S. entrepreneur and innovator. Armour's first entrepreneurial success was in California mining endeavours. He vastly expanded his family's Midwestern grain and meatpacking business in 1875, originating the use of byproducts and the sale of canned meat. When railcar refrigeration was introduced in the 1880s (see Gustavus Franklin Swift), he established distributing plants in eastern states and began exporting Armour meat products to Europe. His Armour & Co. enterprises helped make Chicago the meatpacking capital of the world
Philip Freneau: born Jan. 2, 1752, New York, N.Y. died Dec. 18, 1832, Monmouth county, N.J., U.S. U.S. poet, essayist, and editor, known as the "poet of the American Revolution. " After the outbreak of the revolution he began to write anti-British satire. Not until his return from two years in the Caribbean, during which he wrote such poems as "The Beauties of Santa Cruz" and "The House of Night," did he become an active participant in the war. He was captured and imprisoned by the British, an experience he bitterly recounted in the poem "The British Prison-Ship" (1781)
Philip Glass: a US composer of modern classical music, who was influenced by Indian music, and is famous for his minimalist style, in which short musical phrases are repeated again and again, with very slight changes (1937- ). born Jan. 31, 1937, Baltimore, Md., U.S. U.S. composer. He studied mathematics and philosophy at the University of Chicago and then studied composition at the Juilliard School and with Nadia Boulanger in Paris. His later studies with the Indian sitarist Ravi Shankar in 1966 and the tabla player Alla Rakha produced a radical shift in his compositional style. He became the leading exponent of musical "minimalism," employing insistently repeated notes and chords, subtly shifting timbres, and blocklike harmonic progressions without contrapuntal voice leading. He achieved fame suddenly with the opera Einstein on the Beach (1975) and went on to write more than 20 operas, including Satyagraha (1980), Akhnaten (1984), and The Voyage (1992). His other works include many film scores, such as Koyaanisqatsi (1983) and The Thin Blue Line (1988), and the recordings Glassworks (1981) and Songs from Liquid Days (1986). He collaborated with a wide range of writers, artists, and musicians, including Robert Wilson, Allen Ginsberg, Doris Lessing, David Bowie, and Paul Simon. Glass's work appealed to fans of rock and popular music, and at the turn of the 21st century he was perhaps the world's most famous living composer
Philip H Sheridan: born March 6, 1831, Albany, N.Y., U.S. died Aug. 5, 1888, Nonquitt, Mass. U.S. army officer. He graduated from West Point and served at frontier posts. In the American Civil War he led a Union division in Tennessee and helped win the Battle of Chattanooga with his cavalry charge up Missionary Ridge. In the East he became commander of the cavalry (1864) and led raids on Confederate forces around Richmond, Va. As commander of the Army of the Shenandoah, he drove Confederate forces under Jubal Early from the Shenandoah Valley. He joined Ulysses S. Grant to help secure Union victories in the Petersburg Campaign. After the war he became general of the army (1883)
Philip Henry Sheridan: born March 6, 1831, Albany, N.Y., U.S. died Aug. 5, 1888, Nonquitt, Mass. U.S. army officer. He graduated from West Point and served at frontier posts. In the American Civil War he led a Union division in Tennessee and helped win the Battle of Chattanooga with his cavalry charge up Missionary Ridge. In the East he became commander of the cavalry (1864) and led raids on Confederate forces around Richmond, Va. As commander of the Army of the Shenandoah, he drove Confederate forces under Jubal Early from the Shenandoah Valley. He joined Ulysses S. Grant to help secure Union victories in the Petersburg Campaign. After the war he became general of the army (1883)
Philip Henslowe: born 1550, Lindfield, Sussex, Eng. died Jan. 6, 1616, London English theatre owner and manager. He settled in London before 1577, married a wealthy widow, and became the owner of several theatres, among them the Rose Theatre, which he built (with a partner) in 1587. The most lavish was the Fortune Theatre, built in 1600 for the Admiral's Men, the chief rivals of William Shakespeare's company. Henslowe's theatres gave the first productions of many Elizabethan dramas. His diary (edited 1904-08 by Sir Walter Gregg) is an important source for theatrical history
Philip II: King of Macedon (359-336) who built the army that defeated a Greek coalition at Chaeronea (338) and achieved a peace settlement in which all the states except Sparta participated. King of France (1180-1223). His reign was marked by greater control over feudal lords and an expansion of royal territories. King of Spain (1556-1598), of Naples and Sicily (1554-1598), and of Portugal (1580-1598) as Philip I. In 1588 he launched the Spanish Armada in an unsuccessful attempt to invade England
Philip IV: King of France (1285-1314) and of Navarre (1284-1305) as the husband of Joan I of Navarre (1273-1305). His reign was marked by controversy with the papacy and expansion of royal prerogative
Philip John Noel-Baker Baron Noel-Baker: orig. Philip John Baker born Nov. 1, 1889, London, Eng. died Oct. 8, 1982, London British statesman and advocate of disarmament. He worked for the League of Nations secretariat (1919-22) and taught international relations at the University of London (1924-29). He served in the House of Commons (1929-31, 1936-70) and in ministerial posts (1945-61). He helped draft the UN charter, and he campaigned widely for peace through multilateral disarmament. An Olympic runner in 1912, 1920, and 1924, he later served as president of UNESCO's International Council on Sport and Physical Recreation (1960-82). In 1959 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace
Philip John Noel-Baker Baron Noel-Baker of the City of Derby: orig. Philip John Baker born Nov. 1, 1889, London, Eng. died Oct. 8, 1982, London British statesman and advocate of disarmament. He worked for the League of Nations secretariat (1919-22) and taught international relations at the University of London (1924-29). He served in the House of Commons (1929-31, 1936-70) and in ministerial posts (1945-61). He helped draft the UN charter, and he campaigned widely for peace through multilateral disarmament. An Olympic runner in 1912, 1920, and 1924, he later served as president of UNESCO's International Council on Sport and Physical Recreation (1960-82). In 1959 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace
Philip John Schuyler: born Nov. 11, 1733, Albany, N.Y. died Nov. 18, 1804, Albany, N.Y., U.S. American Revolutionary officer. He served in the French and Indian War and helped settle colonial war claims with Britain (1761-63). He served in the New York legislature (1768-75) and in the Continental Congress (1775-77, 1778-80). In the American Revolution he was commissioned one of four major generals in the Continental Army. As commander of the northern department, he was unable, because of illness, to undertake his planned invasion of Canada. His later defeat at the Battle of Ticonderoga led to his replacement by Horatio Gates. He subsequently served as one of New York's first U.S. senators (1789-91, 1797-98)
Philip Larkin: a British poet. He often wrote about death and loneliness and his poems are sometimes very sad, but people like them because they are written in plain and simple language. His most famous poems are Aubade, High Windows, and Whitsun Weddings (1922-85). born Aug. 9, 1922, Coventry, Warwickshire, Eng. died Dec. 2, 1985, Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire English poet. Educated at Oxford, Larkin became a librarian at the University of Hull, Yorkshire, in 1955; he would remain a librarian the rest of his life. He wrote two novels before becoming well known with his third volume of verse, The Less Deceived (1955), which expressed the antiromantic sensibility prevalent in English verse of his time. Later poetry volumes are The Whitsun Weddings (1964), High Windows (1974), and Aubade (1980). All What Jazz (1970) contains essays he wrote as a jazz critic for The Daily Telegraph (1961-71)
Philip Marlowe: a private detective (=someone who is employed to look for information or missing people) in stories written by the US writer Raymond Chandler. Marlowe is a tough and determined character who does not often show his feelings, but he is honest and believes in justice
Philip Massinger: born 1583, near Salisbury, Wiltshire, Eng. died March 1639/40, London English playwright. After a period during which he collaborated with playwrights such as John Fletcher, Massinger began 1620 to write independently. From 1625 he was associated with the theatrical company The King's Men. His 15 surviving solo works are noted for their social realism and satirical power. They include the comedies A New Way to Pay Old Debts ( 1624), his most popular and influential play, and The City Madam ( 1632), both of which probed economic and social issues, and the historical tragedy The Roman Actor ( 1626)
Philip Michael Ondaatje: born Sept. 12, 1943, Colombo, Ceylon Sri Lankan-born Canadian novelist and poet. He immigrated to Montreal at age 19 and attended the University of Toronto and Queen's University. His fascination with the American West led to one of his most celebrated works, the pastiche The Collected Works of Billy the Kid (1970). His novel The English Patient (1992, Booker Prize; film, 1996) won him international recognition; it was followed by Anil's Ghost (2000). His musical poetry and prose are a blend of myth, history, jazz, memoirs, and other forms
Philip Milton Roth: born March 19, 1933, Newark, N.J.,U.S. U.S. writer. Roth attended the University of Chicago and first achieved fame with Goodbye Columbus (1959), whose title story concerns the boorish materialism of a suburban family. His works are characterized by an acute ear for dialogue, a concern with Jewish middle-class life, and the painful entanglements of sexual and familial love. Among his subsequent novels are the comic and scandalous Portnoy's Complaint (1969) and an admired series centring on a writer named Nathan Zuckerman, including The Ghost Writer (1979) and Zuckerman Unbound (1981). His later works include Sabbath's Theater (1995, National Book Award) and American Pastoral (1997, Pulitzer Prize)
Philip Morin Freneau: born Jan. 2, 1752, New York, N.Y. died Dec. 18, 1832, Monmouth county, N.J., U.S. U.S. poet, essayist, and editor, known as the "poet of the American Revolution. " After the outbreak of the revolution he began to write anti-British satire. Not until his return from two years in the Caribbean, during which he wrote such poems as "The Beauties of Santa Cruz" and "The House of Night," did he become an active participant in the war. He was captured and imprisoned by the British, an experience he bitterly recounted in the poem "The British Prison-Ship" (1781)
Philip Morris: American company, leading American manufacturer of cigarettes and tobacco
Philip Morris tobacco companies: Two of the world's largest tobacco companies, comprising Philip Morris International Inc. and Philip Morris USA Inc., both of which are owned by U.S. holding company Altria Group, Inc. Drawing on the name of Philip Morris, a London tobacconist who opened shop in the mid 1800s, the company was incorporated in New York in 1902 as a British-American venture; ownership shifted to American stockholders in 1919, when the company was renamed Philip Morris & Co. It became a principal maker of cigarettes in the 1930s and '40s, and the popularity of its Marlboro cigarettes grew with its use of cowboy imagery to advertise them in the mid 1950s. The company developed other American cigarette brands such as Parliament, Virginia Slims, and Merit. Overseas ventures in the manufacture and marketing of cigarettes led to the formation of Philip Morris International, which by 1972 had established sales in many parts of the world, including the former Soviet Union. Its global brands include Chesterfield and Lark
Philip Murray: born , May 25, 1886, Blantyre, Lanark, Scot. died Nov. 9, 1952, San Francisco, Calif., U.S. Scottish-born U.S. labour leader. After immigrating to the U.S. in 1902, he became a coal miner in Pennsylvania. He joined the United Mine Workers of America and rose through the ranks to serve as vice president (1920-42) under John L. Lewis. When Lewis became president of the newly formed Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1936, he delegated Murray to create an industry-wide steelworkers' union (see United Steelworkers of America). Murray succeeded Lewis as CIO president in 1940 and held the post until his death. See also AFL-CIO
Philip Pullman: {i} (born 1946) English author, author of the "His Dark Materials" trilogy
Philip Roth: a US writer whose best known book is Portnoy's Complaint, which deals humorously with middle class Jewish life in the US (1933- ). born March 19, 1933, Newark, N.J.,U.S. U.S. writer. Roth attended the University of Chicago and first achieved fame with Goodbye Columbus (1959), whose title story concerns the boorish materialism of a suburban family. His works are characterized by an acute ear for dialogue, a concern with Jewish middle-class life, and the painful entanglements of sexual and familial love. Among his subsequent novels are the comic and scandalous Portnoy's Complaint (1969) and an admired series centring on a writer named Nathan Zuckerman, including The Ghost Writer (1979) and Zuckerman Unbound (1981). His later works include Sabbath's Theater (1995, National Book Award) and American Pastoral (1997, Pulitzer Prize)
Philip Snowden Viscount Snowden: born July 18, 1864, Ickornshaw, Yorkshire, Eng. died May 15, 1937, Tilford, Surrey British politician. From 1893 he was a lecturer and writer for the socialist Independent Labour Party (ILP), then became its leader (1903-06). In the House of Commons (1906-18, 1922-31), he excelled in debates on social and economic questions. He served as chancellor of the Exchequer in James Ramsay MacDonald's governments (1924, 1929-31) and in 1931 secured Britain's abandonment of the gold standard
Philip Snowden Viscount Snowden of Ickornshaw: born July 18, 1864, Ickornshaw, Yorkshire, Eng. died May 15, 1937, Tilford, Surrey British politician. From 1893 he was a lecturer and writer for the socialist Independent Labour Party (ILP), then became its leader (1903-06). In the House of Commons (1906-18, 1922-31), he excelled in debates on social and economic questions. He served as chancellor of the Exchequer in James Ramsay MacDonald's governments (1924, 1929-31) and in 1931 secured Britain's abandonment of the gold standard
Philip St. John Basil Rathbone: born June 13, 1892, Johannesburg, S.Af. died July 21, 1967, New York, N.Y., U.S. British actor. He made his stage debut in 1911 and later played classical roles in London and New York City. From 1924 he appeared in Hollywood movies, often in romantic roles. With his distinctive voice and gaunt appearance, he was cast as a villain in several swashbuckling movies starring Tyrone Power and Errol Flynn. He won praise for his roles in Romeo and Juliet (1936) and If I Were King (1938), but he became best known for portraying Sherlock Holmes in a series of films that began with The Hound of the Baskervilles (1939)
Philip V: King of Macedon (221-179) who won the First Macedonian War with Rome (205) but was defeated in the Second Macedonian War (197)
Philip VI: King of France (1328-1350). The first Valois king, his reign was dominated by the Hundred Years' War
Philip of Hesse: born Nov. 13, 1504, Marburg, Hesse died March 31, 1567, Kassel, Ger. German nobleman, landgrave of Hesse, and champion of the Reformation. His skillful management made Hesse a sovereign state. Won to the cause of Martin Luther, Philip became a Reformation leader in Germany. In 1529 he founded the first Protestant university at Marburg (1529), and in 1531 he united several princes and towns to form the Schmalkaldic League. However, his folly in contracting a bigamous second marriage damaged his reputation. After the emperor crushed the league, Philip was imprisoned (1547-52). Long imprisonment undermined his influence and his health, though he finally saw Lutheranism gain a position of legal equality with Catholicism in the Peace of Augsburg (1555). In the year of his death, he divided Hesse among his four sons
Philip of Swabia: German Philipp born 1178 died June 21, 1208, Bamberg, Ger. German Hohenstaufen king (1198-1208). The youngest son of Frederick I Barbarossa, he was elected German king on the death of Emperor Henry VI. The rival Welf dynasty elected Otto IV king, and a civil war broke out. A truce was finally called in 1207; Innocent III recognized Philip and promised to crown him emperor (1208), but Philip was murdered first
Philip the Bold: (1342-1404) Duke of Burgundy who served as virtual ruler of France after Charles IV became insane
philip ii: king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598) king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC) son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)
philip v: king of ancient Macedonia whose confrontations with the Romans led to his defeat and his loss of control over Greece
philip vi: king of France who founded the Valois dynasty; his dispute with Edward III over his succession led to the Hundred Years' War (1293-1350)
A Philip Randolph: born April 15, 1889, Crescent City, Fla., U.S. died May 16, 1979, New York, N.Y. U.S. civil-rights leader. He was the son of a Methodist minister. In 1911 he moved to New York, where he cofounded the journal The Messenger (later Black Worker), in which he called for more positions for African Americans in the war industry and the armed forces. In 1925 he founded the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first successful African American trade union, and he served as its president until 1968. In 1941 he lobbied Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt to ban racial discrimination in defense industries and federal bureaus. In 1948 he influenced Pres. Harry Truman to bar racial segregation in the armed forces. In 1955 he was made a vice president of the newly combined AFL-CIO. In order to combat discrimination in that union, he formed the Negro American Labor Council in 1960
Archibald Philip Primrose 5th earl of Rosebery: orig. Archibald Philip Primrose born May 7, 1847, London, Eng. died May 21, 1929, Epsom, Surrey British politician. He served in William E. Gladstone's governments as undersecretary for Scottish affairs (1881-83) and foreign secretary (1886, 1892-94). He succeeded Gladstone as prime minister (1894-95) but was ineffective in resolving conflicts within the Liberal Party and in passing legislation through the Conservative-dominated House of Lords. He broke with the Liberal Party by opposing Irish Home Rule (1905) and retired from public life
Asa Philip Randolph: born April 15, 1889, Crescent City, Fla., U.S. died May 16, 1979, New York, N.Y. U.S. civil-rights leader. He was the son of a Methodist minister. In 1911 he moved to New York, where he cofounded the journal The Messenger (later Black Worker), in which he called for more positions for African Americans in the war industry and the armed forces. In 1925 he founded the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first successful African American trade union, and he served as its president until 1968. In 1941 he lobbied Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt to ban racial discrimination in defense industries and federal bureaus. In 1948 he influenced Pres. Harry Truman to bar racial segregation in the armed forces. In 1955 he was made a vice president of the newly combined AFL-CIO. In order to combat discrimination in that union, he formed the Negro American Labor Council in 1960
Daniel Joseph and Philip Francis Berrigan: born May 9, 1921, Virginia, Minn., U.S.(born Oct. 5, 1923, Two Harbors, Minn., U.S. died Dec. 6, 2002, Baltimore, Md.) U.S. priests and political activists. After joining the Catholic priesthood (Daniel became a Jesuit, Philip a Josephite), the brothers became involved in nonviolent political activism, carrying out campaigns of civil disobedience to oppose racism, the nuclear arms race, and the Vietnam War. They were best known for their Vietnam-era raid of draft-board files in Catonsville, Md., which they destroyed with chicken blood and napalm. They were also known for the persistence of their activism. Philip later left the priesthood. Both authored numerous books on their work and beliefs; Daniel also wrote poetry and plays
Daniel and Philip Berrigan: born May 9, 1921, Virginia, Minn., U.S.(born Oct. 5, 1923, Two Harbors, Minn., U.S. died Dec. 6, 2002, Baltimore, Md.) U.S. priests and political activists. After joining the Catholic priesthood (Daniel became a Jesuit, Philip a Josephite), the brothers became involved in nonviolent political activism, carrying out campaigns of civil disobedience to oppose racism, the nuclear arms race, and the Vietnam War. They were best known for their Vietnam-era raid of draft-board files in Catonsville, Md., which they destroyed with chicken blood and napalm. They were also known for the persistence of their activism. Philip later left the priesthood. Both authored numerous books on their work and beliefs; Daniel also wrote poetry and plays
Frank Philip Stella: born May 12, 1936, Malden, Mass., U.S. U.S. painter. He moved to New York City after studying history at Princeton University and there began his innovative "black paintings" (1958-60), incorporating symmetrical series of thin white stripes that replicated the canvas shape when seen against their black backgrounds. As a leading figure of Minimalism, in the mid 1960s he began using polychromy in an influential series marked by intersecting geometric curvilinear shapes and plays of vivid and harmonious colours. In the 1970s he began producing sensuously coloured, mixed-media reliefs featuring more organic shapes. He was given retrospective exhibitions at the Museum of Modern Art in 1970 and 1987
John Philip Sousa: {i} (1854-1932) United States composer and musical conductor (famous for his many marches, such as "Stars and Stripes Forever")
John Philip Sousa: a US composer and band leader, who wrote many famous marches (=music for soldiers to walk to) , including The Stars and Stripes Forever (1854-1932). born Nov. 6, 1854, Washington, D.C., U.S. died March 6, 1932, Reading, Pa. U.S. bandmaster and composer known as "The March King. " As a youth he learned to play the violin and various band instruments. In 1868 he enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps as an apprentice in the Marine Band, and from 1880 to 1892 he directed the group, building it into a virtuoso ensemble. In 1892 he formed his own band, with which he toured internationally to great acclaim. He composed 136 military marches, including "Semper Fidelis" (the official march of the Marines), "The Washington Post," "The Liberty Bell," and "The Stars and Stripes Forever." He also wrote successful operettas, including El Capitan (1896), and dozens of other works. In the 1890s he developed a type of bass tuba now known as the sousaphone
Judah Philip Benjamin: born Aug. 6, 1811, St. Croix, Virgin Islands died May 6, 1884, Paris, France Prominent lawyer in the U.S. and Britain and member of the Confederate cabinet. He moved with his parents from St. Croix to South Carolina in his early youth. In 1832 he began building a successful law practice in New Orleans. He was the first Jew elected to the U.S. Senate (1853-61), where he was noted for his proslavery speeches. After the South seceded, Jefferson Davis appointed him attorney general (1861), secretary of war (1861-62), and secretary of state (1862-65). Late in the war he enraged many white Southerners by urging that slaves be recruited into the Confederate army and emancipated after their term of service. At the end of the war he escaped to England, where he was called to the bar (1866) and served as queen's counsel (1872)
King Philip's War: (1675-76) Bloodiest conflict between American colonists and Indians in 17th-century New England. By 1660 colonial settlers, no longer dependent on Indians for survival, had pushed into Indian territory in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. To protect their lands, the Wampanoag chief King Philip (Metacom) organized a federation of tribes, which in 1675 destroyed several frontier settlements. In retaliation the colonial militia burned Indian villages and crops. After Philip's death in 1676, Indian resistance collapsed. An estimated 600 settlers and 3,000 Indians were killed in the conflict
King Philip's War: war fought from 1675-1676 between American colonists and Native Americans in New England
Peter Philip Carey: born May 7, 1943, Bacchus Marsh, Vic., Austl. Australian writer. He worked as an advertising copywriter and at other odd jobs until 1988, when he became a full-time writer. His short-story collection The Fat Man in History (1974) contains macabre elements. His novels, more realistic but laced with black humour, include Bliss (1981), Illywhacker (1985), Oscar and Lucinda (1988, Booker Prize), The Unusual Life of Tristan Smith (1994), Jack Maggs (1997), and True History of the Kelly Gang (2000; Booker Prize, 2001)
Prince Philip: Duke of Edinburgh, the. Duke of Edinburgh, the
Saint Philip Neri: born July 21, 1515, Florence died May 26, 1595, Rome; canonized 1622; feast day May 26 Roman Catholic mystic. He went to Rome to pursue religious studies in 1533. In 1548 he cofounded a society of laymen dedicated to the care of pilgrims, the poor, and the sick. After his ordination in 1551 he moved to the community of San Girolamo della Carità in Rome. From 1564 to 1575 he was rector of the church of San Giovanni, and in 1575 Gregory XIII granted him Santa Maria in Vallicella, where he established his Congregation of the Oratory, a group of priests and clerics engaged in devotion and charitable activities. One of the outstanding mystics of the Counter-Reformation, he was noted for his eloquence as a preacher
Sir Philip Sidney: born Nov. 30, 1554, Penshurst, Kent, Eng. died Oct. 17, 1586, Arnhem, Neth. English courtier, statesman, soldier, and poet. Born into an aristocratic family and educated to be a statesman and soldier, Sidney served in minor official posts and turned to literature as an outlet for his energies. Astrophel and Stella (1591), inspired by Sidney's passion for his aunt's married ward, is considered the finest Elizabethan sonnet cycle after William Shakespeare's sonnets. The Defence of Poesie (1595), an urbane and eloquent plea for imaginative literature, introduced the critical ideas of Renaissance theorists to England. His heroic romance Arcadia, though unfinished, is the most important work of English prose fiction of the 16th century. None of his works was published in his lifetime. Wounded in action while soldiering in the Netherlands, he died from an infection, and he was widely mourned as the ideal gentleman of his day
Walter Philip Reuther: born Sept. 1, 1907, Wheeling, W.Va., U.S. died May 9, 1970, Pellston, Mich. U.S. labour leader. He became an apprentice tool-and diemaker at age
Walter Philip Reuther: He traveled around the world in the 1930s, developing a lifelong distaste for communism after spending two years in a Soviet auto factory. He became a local union leader in Detroit, Mich., and helped organize sit-down strikes during which he suffered brutal physical attacks that made the United Automobile Workers (UAW) a power in the auto industry. As president of the UAW from 1946 until his death, he was an effective negotiator of wages-and-hours gains. He became president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1952 and was an architect of the AFL-CIO merger in 1955. He was second in power to George Meany at the AFL-CIO; however, their repeated clashes, partly stemming from Reuther's strong support for civil rights and opposition to the Vietnam War, resulted in Reuther's leading the UAW out of the AFL-CIO in 1968 and forming a short-lived federation with the Teamsters Union. He died in a plane crash
duke of Edinburgh Philip: known as Prince Philip born June 10, 1921, Corfu, Greece Husband of Queen Elizabeth II of Britain. Son of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark (1882-1944) and Princess Alice (1885-1969), a great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria, he was reared in Britain. In World War II he served in combat with the Royal Navy. In 1947 he became a British subject, taking his mother's surname, Mountbatten, and renouncing his right to the Greek and Danish thrones. He married Princess Elizabeth in 1947 and continued on active service in the navy until her accession to the throne in 1952. Charles, prince of Wales, is their son
prince of Wales Charles Philip Arthur George: born Nov. 14, 1948, Buckingham Palace, London, Eng. Heir apparent to the British throne, son of Elizabeth II and Philip, duke of Edinburgh. In 1971 he studied at the University of Cambridge, becoming the first heir to the throne to obtain a university degree, and he later attended the Royal Air Force College and the Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. He took a tour of duty with the Royal Navy (1971-76). In 1981 he married Lady Diana Spencer (see Diana, princess of Wales), and they had two sons, William and Henry. Their marriage grew strained amid intense scrutiny from the press and rumours of infidelity; they divorced in 1996. He subsequently began keeping company publicly with Camilla Parker Bowles (b. 1947). He has been known for his advocacy of excellence in architecture and other causes

philip

Расстановка переносов

Phil·ip

Турецкое произношение

fîlıp

Произношение

/ˈfələp/ /ˈfɪləp/

Этимология

() Name of ancient kings of Macedonia, from Ancient Greek Φίλιππος (Philippos), from φίλιππος (“fond of horses”), from φιλέω (phileō, “I love”) + ἵππος (hippos, “horse”).