mohammad reza shah pahlavi

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born Oct. 26, 1919, Tehrn, Iran died July 27, 1980, Cairo, Egypt Shah of Iran (1941-79), noted for his pro-Western orientation and autocratic rule. After an education in Switzerland, he replaced his father, Reza Shah Pahlavi, as ruler when the latter was forced into exile by the British. His rule was marked by a power struggle with his premier, Mohammad Mosaddeq, who briefly succeeded in deposing him in 1953; covert intervention by British and U.S. intelligence services returned him to the throne the next year. His program of rapid modernization and oil-field development initially brought him popular support, but his autocratic style and suppression of dissent, along with corruption and the unequal distribution of Iran's new oil wealth, increased opposition led by exiled cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. In 1979 Pahlavi was forced into exile

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Reza Shah Pahlavi
born March 16, 1878, Alasht, Qjr Iran died July 26, 1944, Johannesburg, S.Af. Shah of Iran (1926-41). An army officer, he rose through the ranks and in 1921 led a coup that overthrew the Qjr dynasty. He sought to bring order and end Iran's political chaos and its domination by Britain and Soviet Russia following World War I (1914-18). He constructed roads, schools, and hospitals, opened a university, and built the Trans-Iranian Railway. He emancipated women, nationalized several economic sectors, and reduced the clergy's power. He often used repressive methods, which eventually cost him his popularity. During World War II (1939-45), fearing that Pahlavi might side with Germany, the U.S. and Britain occupied Iran. The Allies forced him to abdicate (1941) in favour of his son, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
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