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Marxism
The socialist philosophy and political program founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels; scientific socialism
The socialist ideology of the followers of Karl Marx; a radical, revolutionary political philosophy that aims to capture state power, introduce a dictatorship of the proletariat, and then progress to communism
Marxism is a political philosophy based on the writings of Karl Marx which stresses the importance of the struggle between different social classes. the system of political thinking invented by Karl Marx, which explains changes in history as the result of a struggle between social classes. Ideology and socioeconomic theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The fundamental ideology of communism, it holds that all people are entitled to enjoy the fruits of their labour but are prevented from doing so in a capitalist economic system, which divides society into two classes: nonowning workers and nonworking owners. Marx called the resulting situation "alienation," and he said that when the workers repossessed the fruits of their labour, alienation would be overcome and class divisions would cease. The Marxist theory of history posits class struggle as history's driving force, and it sees capitalism as the most recent and most critical historical stage most critical because at this stage the proletariat will at last arise united. The failure of the European Revolutions of 1848 and an increasing need to elaborate on Marxist theory, whose orientation is more analytical than practical, led to adaptations such as Leninism and Maoism; in the late 20th century the collapse of the Soviet Union and China's adoption of many elements of a free-market economy seemed to mark the end of Marxism as an applicable economic or governmental theory, though it retains interest as a critique of market capitalism and a theory of historical change. See also Communist Manifesto; dialectical materialism; socialism; Stalinism; Trotskyism
{i} doctrines of Karl Marx, Marxist doctrines advocating a socialistic and communistic approach to politics and economics
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