julius

Английский Язык - Турецкий язык

Определение julius в Английский Язык Турецкий язык словарь

Связанные Термины

derived, via julianus from julius

Julius dan Julianus üzerinden elde

Турецкий язык - Турецкий язык

Определение julius в Турецкий язык Турецкий язык словарь

Связанные Термины

julius nyrere

Tanzanya'nın ilk cumhurbaşkanı

Английский Язык - Английский Язык

Определение julius в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь

A male given name

And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners unto one named Julius, a centurion of Augustus' band.

orig. Giuliano della Rovere born Dec. 5, 1443, Albisola, republic of Genoa died Feb. 21, 1513, Rome Pope (1503-13). The nephew of Sixtus IV, he fled Rome in 1494 to escape assassination by Alexander VI. Elected pope in 1503, Julius set out to restore the Papal States, subjugating Perugia and Bologna (1508) and defeating Venice (1509) with the aid of the League of Cambrai. His first effort to expel the French from northern Italy failed, but a popular revolt drove them out in 1512, and Parma and Piacenza were added to the Papal States. The greatest art patron of all the popes, Julius was a close friend of Michelangelo, from whom he commissioned the sculpture of Moses and the paintings in the Sistine Chapel. He also commissioned Raphael's Vatican frescoes. Agricola Gnaeus Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Cohn Ferdinand Julius Cohnheim Julius Friedrich Erving Julius Winfield Frontinus Sextus Julius Fuchs Emil Klaus Julius Geiger Theodor Julius Marcus Julius Agrippa Julius II Laetus Julius Pomponius Nyerere Julius Kambarage Oppenheimer Julius Robert Julius Pincas Reuter Paul Julius Baron von Reuter Rosenberg Ethel and Julius Scaliger Julius Caesar and Scaliger Joseph Justus Johan Julius Christian Sibelius Streicher Julius Julius Kerwin Stein Taylor Lawrence Julius Tönnies Ferdinand Julius Ferdinand Julius Toennies Wagner Jauregg Julius Julius Wagner knight von Jauregg Wilson William Julius Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus

{i} male first name; family name in ancient Rome

of Latin origin

Связанные Термины

Julius Caesar

After conducting the Gallic Wars, during which he invaded Britain (55, 54) and crossed the Rhine (55, 53), he was instructed by the Senate to lay down his command, Senate conservatives having grown wary of his increasing power, as had a suspicious Pompey. When the Senate would not command Pompey to give up his command simultaneously, Caesar, against regulations, led his forces across the Rubicon River (49) between Gaul and Italy, precipitating the Roman Civil War. Pompey fled from Italy but was pursued and defeated by Caesar in 48; he then fled to Egypt, where he was murdered. Having followed Pompey to Egypt, Caesar became lover to Cleopatra and supported her militarily. He defeated Pompey's last supporters in 46-45. He was named dictator for life by the Romans. He was offered the crown (44) but refused it, knowing the Romans' dislike for kings. He was in the midst of launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated in the Senate House on the ides of March by conspirators led by Cassius and Brutus. His writings on the Gallic and Civil wars are considered models of classical historiography

Julius Caesar

a Roman politician, military leader, and writer, who took control of the government of Rome and changed it from a republic to an empire, making himself the first Roman emperor (100-44 BC). a play by William Shakespeare about the murder of the Roman leader Julius Caesar, and about his friend Brutus, who thinks Caesar is taking too much power and so joins his murderers. After Julius Caesar's death his friend Mark Antony makes a famous speech to the crowd beginning with the words "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears". born July 12/13, 100, Rome died March 15, 44 BC, Rome Celebrated Roman general, statesman, and dictator. A patrician by birth, he held the prominent posts of quaestor and praetor before becoming governor of Farther Spain in 61-60. He formed the First Triumvirate with Pompey and Marcus Licinius Crassus in 60 and was elected consul in 59 and proconsul in Gaul and Illyria in

Julius Caesar

(100? BC-44 BC) Roman statesman and general

Julius Caesar

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

Julius Erving

born Feb. 22, 1950, Roosevelt, N.Y., U.S. U.S. basketball star. He played two years at the University of Massachusetts before joining the professional American Basketball Association (ABA). At 6 ft 7 in. (2 m), "Doctor J" played forward for the Virginia Squires (1971-73) and the New York Nets (1973-76), whom he led to two ABA titles (1974, 1976). After the merger of the ABA and NBA, Erving was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers (1977-87) and won a league title in 1983. He was known for swarming defense, imaginative drives to the basket, and climactic slam dunks

Julius Erving

Dr. J" (born 1950), famous former professional basketball player, one of the leading all-time scorers in the NBA

Julius F. Cohnheim

{i} Julius Cohnheim (1839-1884), German histologist and physiologist who was an expert on pathology

Julius Friedrich Cohnheim

born July 20, 1839, Demmin, Prussia died Aug. 15, 1884, Leipzig German pioneer of experimental pathology. While assisting Rudolf Virchow, he confirmed that inflammation results from passage of leukocytes through capillary walls into tissues and that pus is mainly debris from their disintegration. His induction of tuberculosis in a rabbit's eye led to Robert Koch's discovery of the tuberculosis bacillus. His Lectures on General Pathology (2 vol., 1877-80) far outlasted contemporary texts. His method of freezing tissue for thin slicing for microscopic examination is a standard clinical procedure

Julius Kambarage Nyerere

born March 1922, Butiama, Tanganyika died Oct. 14, 1999, London, Eng. First prime minister of independent Tanganyika (1961), first president of Tanzania (1964-85), and the major force behind the Organization of African Unity (OAU; now African Union). He taught in Catholic schools before studying history and economics in Britain. As leader of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), he advocated peaceful change, social equality, and ethnic harmony. In elections in 1958-60 TANU won many seats in the legislature. As president he collectivized village farmlands, carried out mass literacy campaigns, and instituted universal education. He sought to make Tanzania economically self-sufficient, an effort that ultimately failed. In 1979 he authorized the invasion of Uganda to overthrow Idi Amin. Within the OAU he advocated the overthrow of white-suprematist governments in South Africa, Rhodesia, and South West Africa. After retiring from politics in 1990, Nyerere devoted the rest of his life to farming and diplomacy

Julius Nessler

{i} (1827-1905) German chemist who invented a method for identifying ammonia in a solution

Julius Nyerere

a Tanzanian politician who was one of the leaders of the country's fight for independence from the UK. He was the first President of Tanzania (1964-85) and he strongly believed that African countries should develop their own farming and industry without copying Western economic ideas (1922-99). born March 1922, Butiama, Tanganyika died Oct. 14, 1999, London, Eng. First prime minister of independent Tanganyika (1961), first president of Tanzania (1964-85), and the major force behind the Organization of African Unity (OAU; now African Union). He taught in Catholic schools before studying history and economics in Britain. As leader of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), he advocated peaceful change, social equality, and ethnic harmony. In elections in 1958-60 TANU won many seats in the legislature. As president he collectivized village farmlands, carried out mass literacy campaigns, and instituted universal education. He sought to make Tanzania economically self-sufficient, an effort that ultimately failed. In 1979 he authorized the invasion of Uganda to overthrow Idi Amin. Within the OAU he advocated the overthrow of white-suprematist governments in South Africa, Rhodesia, and South West Africa. After retiring from politics in 1990, Nyerere devoted the rest of his life to farming and diplomacy

Julius Pomponius Laetus

or Giulio Pomponio Leto born 1428, Diano, Kingdom of Naples died 1497, Rome Italian humanist. As a youth he decided to dedicate his life to the study of the ancient world. In Rome he gathered other humanists around him in a semisecret society, the Academia Romana. Their celebration of ancient Roman rites aroused the suspicions of Pope Paul II, who briefly dissolved the Academia and imprisoned Laetus and his associates. Laetus's lack of rigour and critical spirit have led modern scholars to treat his writings with caution

Julius Robert Oppenheimer

born , April 22, 1904, New York, N.Y., U.S. died Feb. 18, 1967, Princeton, N.J. U.S. theoretical physicist. He graduated from Harvard University, did research at Cambridge University, and earned a doctorate from Göttingen University. He returned to the U.S. to teach at the California Institute of Technology (1929-47). His research focused on energy processes of subatomic particles, and he trained a generation of American physicists. In World War II he was named director of the army's atomic-bomb project, later known as the Manhattan Project, and set up the laboratory in Los Alamos, N.M., that remains a principal weapons-research laboratory. He directed the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (1947-66). He strongly opposed the development of the hydrogen bomb, and in 1953 he was suspended from secret nuclear research as an alleged communist sympathizer and a security risk; the case, which pitted him against Edward Teller, became a worldwide cause célèbre. In 1963 he was reinstated and awarded the Enrico Fermi Award

Julius Streicher

born Feb. 22, 1885, Fleinhausen, Ger. died Oct. 16, 1946, Nürnberg, W.Ger. German Nazi demagogue and politician. He joined the Nazi Party in 1921 and became a friend of Adolf Hitler. In 1923 he founded the anti-Semitic weekly Der Stürmer, which provided a focus for Hitler's racial policies. As one of the most virulent advocates of persecution of the Jews, Streicher initiated the campaign that led to the passage of the Nürnberg Laws in 1935. He was appointed gauleiter (district leader) of Franconia, but his sadistic excesses alienated party officials, and he was stripped of his posts in 1940; he remained editor of Der Stürmer, however, owing to Hitler's protection. In 1945 he was arrested by the Allies, prosecuted at the Nürnberg trials, and hanged as a war criminal

Julius Wagner-Jauregg

orig. Julius Wagner, knight von Jauregg born March 7, 1857, Wels, Austria died Sept. 27, 1940, Vienna Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist. Knowing that malaria could be controlled with quinine and having observed that patients with some nervous disorders improved after infections with fever, he induced malaria to treat syphilis patients who had central nervous system disorders. For thus controlling an incurable fatal disease, he was awarded a 1927 Nobel Prize. Though antibiotics replaced this treatment for syphilis, it led to the development of fever therapy

Julius Winfield Erving

born Feb. 22, 1950, Roosevelt, N.Y., U.S. U.S. basketball star. He played two years at the University of Massachusetts before joining the professional American Basketball Association (ABA). At 6 ft 7 in. (2 m), "Doctor J" played forward for the Virginia Squires (1971-73) and the New York Nets (1973-76), whom he led to two ABA titles (1974, 1976). After the merger of the ABA and NBA, Erving was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers (1977-87) and won a league title in 1983. He was known for swarming defense, imaginative drives to the basket, and climactic slam dunks

Pope Julius

A sixteenth-century gambling card game about which little is known

Emil Klaus Julius Fuchs

born Dec. 29, 1911, Rüsselsheim, Ger. died Jan. 28, 1988, E.Ger. German physicist and spy. He joined the German Communist Party in 1930 but fled Germany after the Nazi takeover in 1933. He settled in Britain, earned a doctorate at the University of Edinburgh, and became a British citizen in 1942. He worked on the atomic bomb in Britain and the U.S. In 1943 he began passing scientific secrets to the Soviet Union, which accelerated Soviet development of the atomic bomb by at least a year. His activities were detected in 1950, and he was imprisoned until 1959. After his release, he moved to East Germany, where he was appointed deputy director of the Central Institute for Nuclear Research

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

orig. Ethel Greenglass born Sept. 28, 1915, New York, N.Y., U.S. died June 19, 1953, Ossining, N.Y. born May 12, 1918, New York, N.Y., U.S. died June 19, 1953, Ossining, N.Y. U.S. spies. They were married in 1939, by which time they were already active in the Communist Party. In 1940 Julius became an engineer with the U.S. Army Signal Corps. He and his wife, Ethel, apparently gave military secrets to the Soviet military in a conspiracy with Ethel's brother, Sgt. David Greenglass, a machinist on the atomic-bomb project at Los Alamos, N.M., and Harry Gold, a courier for the U.S. espionage ring. They were all arrested in mid-1950. Greenglass and Gold received prison terms, but the Rosenbergs were sentenced to death. Despite several appeals and a worldwide campaign for mercy, they were executed at Sing Sing Prison in 1953, the only U.S. civilians ever executed for espionage. Despite considerable controversy in subsequent years, the question of their guilt was largely resolved in the early 1990s, when the release of Soviet intelligence information confirmed the Rosenbergs' involvement in espionage

Ferdinand Julius Cohn

born Jan. 24, 1828, Breslau, Silesia, Prussia died June 25, 1898, Breslau German naturalist and botanist, considered one of the founders of bacteriology. He received a Ph.D. from the University of Berlin at age

Ferdinand Julius Cohn

His early research centred on the single-celled algae, and his accounts of the life histories of various algae species are of permanent value. He was among the first to attempt to arrange bacteria into genera and species on a systematic basis. Among his most striking contributions was his discovery of the formation and germination of spores in certain bacteria. During his lifetime Cohn was recognized as the foremost bacteriologist of his day

Ferdinand Julius Toennies

or Ferdinand (Julius) Toennies born July 26, 1855, near Oldenswort, Schleswig died April 9, 1936, Kiel, Ger. German sociologist. From 1881 he taught principally at the University of Kiel. In Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (1887; "Community and Society"), he explored the differences between the organic conception of society, or Gemeinschaft ("community," a social union based on traditional rules and a shared sense of solidarity), and the social-contract conception of society, or Gesellschaft ("society," a social union held together by rational self-interest). In practice, he argued, all societies show elements of both kinds of organization, because human conduct is neither wholly instinctive nor wholly reasoned

Ferdinand Julius Tönnies

or Ferdinand (Julius) Toennies born July 26, 1855, near Oldenswort, Schleswig died April 9, 1936, Kiel, Ger. German sociologist. From 1881 he taught principally at the University of Kiel. In Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (1887; "Community and Society"), he explored the differences between the organic conception of society, or Gemeinschaft ("community," a social union based on traditional rules and a shared sense of solidarity), and the social-contract conception of society, or Gesellschaft ("society," a social union held together by rational self-interest). In practice, he argued, all societies show elements of both kinds of organization, because human conduct is neither wholly instinctive nor wholly reasoned

Gaius Julius Caesar

After conducting the Gallic Wars, during which he invaded Britain (55, 54) and crossed the Rhine (55, 53), he was instructed by the Senate to lay down his command, Senate conservatives having grown wary of his increasing power, as had a suspicious Pompey. When the Senate would not command Pompey to give up his command simultaneously, Caesar, against regulations, led his forces across the Rubicon River (49) between Gaul and Italy, precipitating the Roman Civil War. Pompey fled from Italy but was pursued and defeated by Caesar in 48; he then fled to Egypt, where he was murdered. Having followed Pompey to Egypt, Caesar became lover to Cleopatra and supported her militarily. He defeated Pompey's last supporters in 46-45. He was named dictator for life by the Romans. He was offered the crown (44) but refused it, knowing the Romans' dislike for kings. He was in the midst of launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated in the Senate House on the ides of March by conspirators led by Cassius and Brutus. His writings on the Gallic and Civil wars are considered models of classical historiography

Gaius Julius Caesar

born July 12/13, 100, Rome died March 15, 44 BC, Rome Celebrated Roman general, statesman, and dictator. A patrician by birth, he held the prominent posts of quaestor and praetor before becoming governor of Farther Spain in 61-60. He formed the First Triumvirate with Pompey and Marcus Licinius Crassus in 60 and was elected consul in 59 and proconsul in Gaul and Illyria in

Gnaeus Julius Agricola

(AD 37-93) a Roman general who governed Britain in AD 78-8. born June 13, AD 40, Forum Julii, Gallia Narbonensis died Aug. 23, 93 Roman general. After Agricola served as tribune and quaestor in Britain and Asia, Vespasian appointed him governor of Britain (77/78-84). In that role he conquered parts of Wales and northern England, then advanced into Scotland and set a frontier between the Firths of Clyde and Forth. In 83 he crossed the Forth and defeated the Caledonians at Mons Graupius; he then occupied Scotland to the fringe of the Highlands, with forts at the main passes and a fortress at Inchtuthil. Recalled to Rome, Agricola was offered the proconsulship of Asia but chose retirement. His life is known through the writings of his son-in-law Tacitus

Lawrence Julius Taylor

born Feb. 4, 1959, Williamsburg, Va., U.S. U.S. football linebacker. He played for the University of North Carolina, making All-American in 1980. During his 13-year career with the New York Giants (1981-94), he was twice named Defensive Player of the Year (1981, 1982) and once named Most Valuable Player (1986), only the second defensive player to be so honoured. The prototypical linebacker of his era, he possessed the strength to defeat blocks from linemen and the speed to chase down running backs

Paul Julius Baron von Reuter Reuter

orig. Israel Beer Josaphat born July 21, 1816, Kassel, Electorate of Hesse died Feb. 25, 1899, Nice, France German founder of the news agency Reuters. He was a bank clerk and partner in a small publishing concern before initiating a prototype news service in Paris in 1849, using electric telegraphy and carrier pigeons in his network. He moved to England in 1851 and opened a telegraph office serving banks, brokerage houses, and leading business firms. He steadily extended his commercial news service, acquiring his first subscribing newspaper client in 1858. Undersea cables enabled him to expand the service to other continents

Paul Julius Reuter

{i} Baron von Reuter (1816-1899), German-born English journalist and founder of Reuters news agency

Sextus Julius Frontinus

born AD 35 died 103 Roman governor of Britain and author of a work on the waters of the city of Rome. He was praetor in Rome in 70; later made governor of Britain, he subdued the Silures in southeastern Wales (75) and held other tribes in check. In 97 he took charge of the aqueducts at Rome and compiled a history full of technical details and regulations governing their use and other matters of importance in the history of civil engineering

Theodor Julius Geiger

born Nov. 9, 1891, Munich, Ger. died June 16, 1952, at sea German sociologist. An early critic of the Nazis, Geiger fled to Copenhagen, where in 1938 at the University of Århus he became Denmark's first professor of sociology. He studied social stratification and mobility, examining Danish intellectuals and the people of Århus. His posthumous Democracy Without Dogma (1964) expressed his vision of a society depersonalized by ideology but redeemed by human relationships

William Julius Wilson

born Dec. 20, 1935, Derry Township, Pa., U.S. U.S. sociologist. He spent 24 years on the University of Chicago faculty before moving to Harvard University in 1996. In The Declining Significance of Race (1978) and The Truly Disadvantaged (1987) he contends that entrenched black poverty stems neither from racism nor from welfare dependency but from changes in the global economy that pull low-skilled manufacturing jobs out of the inner city. In When Work Disappears (1996) he discusses, among other issues, how chronic joblessness erodes work skills. Wilson holds that only "race neutral" programs such as universal health care and government-financed jobs can alleviate the problems of black poverty in the inner city

and Scaliger Joseph Justus Scaliger, Julius Caesar

born April 23, 1484, Riva, Republic of Venice died Oct. 21, 1558, Agen, France born Aug. 5, 1540, Agen, France died Jan. 21, 1609, Leiden, Holland Classical scholars. Julius worked in botany, zoology, and grammar but was chiefly interested in developing an understanding and critical evaluation of the ancients. His most widely read book was his Poetics (1561), in which Greco-Roman rhetoric and poetics are used as a foundation for literary criticism. His son Joseph, a precocious student of language, studied in France, Germany, and Italy and taught in France before he was called to the University of Leiden, where he became known as the most erudite scholar of his time. His major works are the Study on the Improvement of Time (1583) and Thesaurus of Time (1609), which brought order to ancient chronology

knight von Jauregg Julius Wagner

orig. Julius Wagner, knight von Jauregg born March 7, 1857, Wels, Austria died Sept. 27, 1940, Vienna Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist. Knowing that malaria could be controlled with quinine and having observed that patients with some nervous disorders improved after infections with fever, he induced malaria to treat syphilis patients who had central nervous system disorders. For thus controlling an incurable fatal disease, he was awarded a 1927 Nobel Prize. Though antibiotics replaced this treatment for syphilis, it led to the development of fever therapy

Расстановка переносов

Jul·ius

Турецкое произношение

culyıs

Произношение

/ˈʤo͞olyəs/ /ˈʤuːljəs/

Этимология

() From Latin Iulius, of uncertain origin, possibly from Ancient Greek ioulos 'wooly first beard hares', i.e. the young, or from Latin Jovilius 'devoted to Jove'.