chinese examination system

Английский Язык - Английский Язык

Определение chinese examination system в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь: In China, system of competitive examinations for recruiting officials that linked state and society and dominated education from the Song dynasty (960-1279) onward, though its roots date to the imperial university established in the Han dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). Candidates faced fierce competition in a series of exams dealing primarily with Confucian texts and conducted on the prefectural, provincial, and national levels. Despite a persistent tendency to emphasize rote learning over original thinking and form over substance, the exams managed to produce an elite grounded in a common body of teachings and to lend credibility to claims of meritocracy. Too inflexible to be capable of modernization, the system was finally abolished in 1905. See also Five Classics; Four Books

chinese examination system