b-layer

Baklava kıyılmış fındık ile dolu filo hamur katmanları yapılan tatlı hamurdur. - Baklava are sweet pastries made from layers of filo dough filled with chopped nuts.

Data Link Layer

(Bilgisayar) Veri Bağlantı Katmanı

a layer

Tükenim bölgesi/katmanı/tabakası

depletion layer transistor

tükenme katmanlı transistör

double layer winding

çift katlı sargı

dress in layer

Kat kat elbise giyinmek

electric double layer

elektriksel çift tabaka

layer cake filled with custard

kat pasta muhallebi dolu

layer hen

Yumurta yapması için yetiştirilen tavuk, yumurta tavuğu

bir parçanın tabakası

pus tabakası, pus katmanı

Serebral korteks beynin dış katmanıdır. - The cerebral cortex is the brain's outer layer.

yansıma tabakası, yansıma katmanı

secure socket layer

güvenli yuva katmanı

thermal boundary layer

ışıl sınır tabakası

thin layer chromatography

ince tabaka kromatografisi

top layer

üst tabaka, örtü tabakası

under layer

tabakasının altında

upper layer

üst tabaka, örtü tabakası

(Tekstil) İplik katmanı

a-layer

a-tabakası (yeryuvarı kabuğuna karşılık gelen sismik bir zon)

active layer

(Tarım) aktif tabaka

active layer

(Askeri) AKTİF TOPRAK TABAKASI: Her yıl don tutup çözülen tabaka; yazın çözülüp kışın tekrar don tutan toprak tabakası

active layer

(Askeri) aktif toprak tabakası

application layer

Uygulama Katmanı

armour layer

(Askeri) koruyucu tabaka

asbest layer

(Tekstil) amyant tabaka

barrier layer capacitance

engel katmani sigasi

barrier layer capacitance

(Bilgisayar) engel katmanı sığası

barrier layer capacitance

engel katmanı kapasitesi

(Elektrik, Elektronik) dokunma yüzeyi

bonding layer

bağlayıcı tabaka

boundary layer

sınır katmanı,sınır tabakası

boundary layer

(Tekstil) sınır tabaka

boundary layer control

(Havacılık) sınır tabaka kontrolü

boundary layer drag

(Havacılık) profil sürükleme kuvveti

boundary layer theory

sınır tabakası teorisi

boundary layer thickness

(Havacılık) sınır tabaka kalınlığı

brickwork layer

(İnşaat) tuğla sırası

bursting layer

(Askeri) koruyucu tabaka

bursting layer

(Askeri) KORUYUCU TABAKA: Dayanıklı ve sert maddelerden yapılan ve sığınak veya mağara şeklindeki mahfuz mahallerin damlarında kullanılan tabaka. Bu madde; müsademeli veya kısa tavikli mermileri, büyük tahribata sebebiyet verecek kadar nüfuz etmeden patlatır

cable layer

kablo serici

corky layer

(Botanik, Bitkibilim,Kimya) mantar tabakası

d-layer

d-tabakası (alt mantodan çekirdek sınırına kadar uzanan sismik bir kuşak)

data link layer

Veri Bağlantı Düzeyi

data link layer

Veri Bağlantısı Katmanı

dense layer of sand

sıkı kum tabakası

depletion layer

kitlik bolgesi

depletion layer capacitance

(Elektrik, Elektronik) geçiş bölgesi kapasitesi

depletion layer transistor

(Elektrik, Elektronik) geçiş bölgeli transistor

discontinuous layer

yeryuvarı dış çekirdeğine karşılık gelen sismik kuşak

(Elektrik, Elektronik) elektron tabakası

f-layer

sıvı dış çekirdek ile katı iç çekirdek arasında geçiş zonuna karşılık gelen sismik zon

friction layer

(Çevre) sürtünme katmanı

friction layer

(Meteoroloji) sürtünme tabakası

g-layer

g-tabakası (yeryuvarı'nın katı iç çekirdeğine karşılık gelen sismik kuşak)

granitic layer

granitik katman

gummi layer

(Tekstil) zamklı tabaka

half layer thickness

(Nükleer Bilimler) yarı tabaka kalınlığı

hall layer

(Otomotiv) hall devresi plakası

hard layer

sert tabaka

hardware abstraction layer

(HAL) Donanım Ayırma Katmanı

hidden layer

sakli katman

horny layer (of the epidermis)

(Anatomi) karniye tabakası

intermediate layer

(Nükleer Bilimler) ara tabaka,ara seviye

intermediate layer

(Tekstil) ara tabaka

inversion layer

(Meteoroloji) enverziyon tabakası

katatectic layer

katatektik katman

layer

{i} (Botanik) daldırma, daldırma yöntemiyle daldırılan dal

{i} topçu

{f} daldırmak

layer cake arası kremalı kat kat pasta

layer

{i} yumurtlayan

layer

(Tıp) Aynı nitelikte hücrelerin oluşturduğu her tarafnıda aynı kalınlığı gösteren hücre veya doku kitlesi, tabaka, kat

layer

a good layer bol yumurta yumurtlayan tavuk

layer

{f} daldırma yapmak

layer

{i} döşeyen kimse

layer

(İnşaat) kademe, tabaka, kat

layer

{f} kat kat yapmak

layer

katman,v.katmanlara ayır: n.katman

layer cake

kat kat pasta

layer cake

kat kat kremalı pasta

layer clouds

(Meteoroloji) tabaka bulutlar

(Askeri) TABAKA DERİNLİĞİ: Deniz sathından ses hızının azami olduğu birinci soğuk termoklatn tabakanın hemen üzerindeki noktaya kadar olan derinlik

layer of security

(Meteoroloji) kar katmanı

layer tint

(Askeri) yükseklik renk ıskalası

layer tints

(Askeri) YÜKSEKLİK RENK ISKALASI: Değişik yükseklik derecelerini belirtmek üzere tedrici zevk serileri kullanarak kabarıklığı gösterme usulü. Buna "altitude tints" de denir. Bak. "hypsometric tinting". LAYING UP POSITION (FAST COSTAL FORCES): ÇIKARMA HAZIRLIK MEVZİİ (ÇEVİK KIYI KUVVETLERİ): Hafif deniz birliklerinin, yapılacak harekat için, gündüz saatlerinde yanaşıp kamuflaj ve bütünleme ikmali yapabilecekleri elverişli bir mevzii

(İnşaat) mermerci

(Askeri) MAYIN GEMİSİ: Genel olarak, liman Savunma birliği tarafından işletilen ve mayın dökmek, limanlara çelik ağ germek ve benzeri savunma işlerini yapmakta kullanılan tekne. Buna eskiden "mine planter" denirdi

mist layer

(Meteoroloji) pus katmanı

mist layer

(Meteoroloji) pus tabakası

mixed layer

(Meteoroloji) karışım tabakası

Английский Язык - Английский Язык

Определение b-layer в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь
OSI layer 1: The physical layer of the OSI model, responsible for character encoding and decoding, transmission and reception
OSI layer 2: The data link layer of the OSI model, responsible for logical link control, and media access control
OSI layer 3: The network layer of the OSI model, responsible for routing, flow control, segmentation, error detection and error correction
OSI layer 4: The transport layer of the OSI model, responsible for transparent transfer of data for a connection, including sequencing, retransmission, flow control and stream control
OSI layer 5: The session layer of the OSI model, (typically ignored in Internet protocols) providing full or half duplex checkpointing, adjournment, termination and restart procedures
OSI layer 6: The theoretical presentation layer of the OSI model, (typically handled by other levels in Internet protocols) responsible for delivery and formatting of messages, e.g. encryption/decryption, codeset conversions (ASCII to EBCDIC) or other abstraction manipulations
OSI layer 7: The application layer of the OSI model, responsible for common application services to application processes, e.g. the Mozilla HTML engine used by FireFox and Internet Explorer 4, or the SMTP protocol used by e-mail programs
epitaxial layer: In semiconductor fabrication: a single crystal layer formed on top of a single crystal substrate
graphene layer: a single layer of a graphite molecule
layer: A person who lays things, such as tiles
layer: A hen kept to lay eggs
layer: A single thickness of some material covering a surface
layer: A (usually) horizontal deposit; a stratum
layer: An item of clothing worn under or over another
layer: A shoot of a plant, laid underground for growth
layer: to cut or divide (something) into layers
layer: to arrange (something) in layers
Layer the ribbons on top of one another to make an attractive pattern.
marzipan layer: all those just below the highest echelon in any sphere
marzipan layer: stockbroking executives immediately below the partners in a firm
ozone layer: A region of the stratosphere, between 15 and 30 kilometres in altitude, containing a relatively high concentration of ozone; it absorbs most solar ultraviolet radiation
seismogenic layer: A seismogenic zone
surface boundary layer: The portion of the atmosphere lying next to the surface of the earth and extending up to between 50 and 100 meters
thin layer chromatography: Alternative spelling of thin-layer chromatography
thin-layer chromatography: A form of chromatography in which the solid phase is silica gel or a similar inert material supported on a glass plate
layer: {n} a stratum, row, bed, sprig, laying hen
depletion layer: In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer or depletion zone, as well as the junction region or the space charge region is an insulating region within a conductive, doped semiconductor material where the charge carriers have diffused away or have been swept away by an electric field
layer hen: A layer hen is a hen raised to produce eggs
D layer: The lowest region of the ionosphere, existing only during the day and extending from about 40 to 65 kilometers (25 to 40 miles) above the earth. Also called D region
Double-layer Supertwist Nematic: {i} technology that improves appearance and brightness in passive-matrix LCD displays, DSTN (Computers)
E layer: A region of the ionosphere, extending from about 90 to 150 kilometers (55 to 95 miles) above the earth and influencing long-distance communications by strongly reflecting radio waves in the range from one to three megahertz. Also called E region, Heaviside layer, Kennelly-Heaviside layer
Malpighian layer: The deepest layer of the epidermis, from which the outer layers develop
Multi-Layer-Perceptron: refers to: neural net A feedforward type neural net Built of an input layer, at least one hidden layer and one output layer Mainly used for pattern association see also: backpropagation, hidden layer, Perceptron
Secure Socket Layer: protocol designed by Netscape that enables secure transmission of information over the World Wide Web (Computers), SSL
appleton layer: the highest region of the ionosphere (from 90 to 600 miles up) that contains the highest concentration of free electrons and is most useful for long-range radio transmission
audio layer 3 MPEG-1: abbreviation of MPEG-1, audio layer 3 Standard technology and format for the compression of audio signals into very small computer files. For example, sound data from a compact disc (CD) can be compressed to one-twelfth the original size without sacrificing sound quality. Because of small file size and ease of production from CD sources, the MP3 format is very popular for transmitting music files over the Internet. Although recording companies have sued many Web sites for facilitating the exchange of such copyrighted material, many now provide sample songs in MP3 format to promote CD sales, and some musicians bypass recording companies and issue their songs over the Internet in MP3 format only. See also data compression
boundary layer: In general, a layer of air adjacent to a bounding surface Specifically, the term most often refers to the planetary boundary layer (PBL), which is the layer within which the effects of friction are significant For the earth, this layer is considered to be roughly the lowest 1 or 2 kilometers of the atmosphere
boundary layer: the layer of slower flow of a fluid past a surface
boundary layer: The region in the immediate vicinity of a surface in which the phase shift between a direct and a reflected path wave is negligible within the audio frequency spectrum of interest The Pressure Zone
boundary layer: The layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface, eg sea bottom At the boundary layer the frictional forces are significant and can lead to wave distortion
boundary layer: This is a transitional area between two distinct regions with different physical properties (e g , air and water) In atmospheric modeling, the boundary layer is usually considered to be the layer of air adjacent to the Earth's surface There are basically two ways to represent the boundary layer in a numerical prediction model One way is to provide sufficient levels near the Earth's surface to resolve the boundary layer Another way is to apply boundary layer parameterization methods so that the boundary layer processes can be approximately represented with model variables
boundary layer: The part of the troposphere that is directly influenced by the presence of the Earth's surface, and responds to surface forcings with a timescale of an hour or less
boundary layer: The relatively still layer of water just above the bed of a river
boundary layer: A transition layer between two neighboring regions of plasma in the magnetosphere Some examples are the plasma sheet boundary layer, which is the transition from the plasma sheet to the tail lobes, and the low latitude boundary layer, just inside the magnetopause, which is the transition between the equatorial magnetosphere and the solar wind in the magnetosheath (which is solar wind modified in various ways by the bow shock)
boundary layer: A common interface between two software components that is standardized to allow other components to connect to this interface
boundary layer: In general, a layer of air adjacent to a bounding surface Specifically, the term most often refers to the planetary boundary layer, which is the layer within which the effects of friction are significant For the earth, this layer is considered to be roughly the lowest one or two kilometers of the atmosphere It is within this layer that temperatures are most strongly affected by daytime insolation and nighttime radiational cooling, and winds are affected by friction with the earth's surface The effects of friction die out gradually with height, so the "top" of this layer cannot be defined exactly
boundary layer: the layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface; in the atmosphere, the air layer near the ground affected by diurnal heat, moisture or momentum transfer to or from the surface
boundary layer: The region of fluid close to the surface of a solid body where, due to viscosity, the transverse gradients of velocity are large compared to horizontal variations and where shear stress is significant
boundary layer: The layer of reduced velocity in fluids, such as air and water, that is immediately adjacent to the surface of a solid past which the fluid is flowing. In fluid mechanics, a thin layer of flowing gas or liquid in contact with a surface (e.g., of an airplane wing or the inside of a pipe). The fluid in the boundary layer is subjected to shear forces. A range of velocities is established across the boundary layer, from zero (provided the fluid is in contact with the surface) to maximum. Flow in boundary layers is more easily described mathematically than is flow in the free stream. Boundary layers are thinner at the leading edge of an aircraft wing and thicker toward the trailing edge; such boundary layers generally have laminar flow in the leading (upstream) portion and turbulent flow in the trailing (downstream) portion. See also drag
boundary layer: in general, a layer of air adjacent to a bounding surface Specifically, the term most often refers to the planetary boundary layer, which is the layer within which the effects of friction are significant For the earth, this layer is considered to be roughly the lowest one or two kilometers of the atmosphere It is within this layer that temperatures are most strongly affected by daytime solar heating and nighttime radiational cooling, and winds are affected by friction with the earth's surface The effects of friction die out gradually with height, so the "top" of this layer cannot be defined exactly
boundary layer: A layer of air saturated with water vapor (from transpiration) that forms next to a leaf surface when there is no air movement
boundary layer: The lowest layer of the earth's atmosphere, usually up to 3,300 feet, or one kilometer, from the earth's surface, where the wind is influenced by the friction of the earth's surface and the objects on it
boundary layer: a layer of fluid whose dynamic behavior is directly influenced by an adjacent solid or liquid surface Meteorological examples are the atmospheric boundary layer and the sheath of air enveloping a falling raindrop
boundary layer: A general term for the layer of air adjacent to a surface
boundary layer: Layer of atmosphere directly affected by the earth's surface
boundary layer: The region of the atmosphere below ~3,000 ft (1 km) altitude, where air motion is affected by turbulent interaction with the ground surface Back
d-layer: the lowest region of the ionosphere (35 to 50 miles up) that reflects low-frequency radio waves
germ layer: Any of three cellular layers, the ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm, into which most animal embryos differentiate and from which the organs and tissues of the body develop through further differentiation
germ layer: (embryology) any of the 3 layers of cells differentiated in embryos following gastrulation
gun-layer: soldier who aims the cannons at their targets, device which aims the cannons at their targets
heaviside layer: a region of the ionosphere (from 50 to 90 miles up) that reflects radio waves of medium length
hole in the ozone layer: break in the ozone layer which results in an increase of cancerous radiation in the atmosphere
horny layer: {i} outermost layer of the epidermis that is made up of dead cells that come off
layer: That which is laid; a stratum; a bed; one thickness, course, or fold laid over another; as, a layer of clay or of sand in the earth; a layer of bricks, or of plaster; the layers of an onion
layer: an abstract place usually conceived as having depth; "a good actor communicates on several levels"; "a simile has at least two layers of meaning"; "the mind functions on many strata simultaneously"
layer: * - a subdivision of a CAD or GIS database containing related data Layers can be visualized as "transparencies" which allow the user to view and analyze information selectively by theme (see figure in OVERLAY entry below) Some GIS build their databases as a series of layers covering a single area, for example the PCSA database for the United States Layers are fundamental to overlay analysis
layer: {f} induce a twig to root while still attached to the parent plant (Gardening); arrange in layers; cut in layers (as of hair)
layer: thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells a hen that lays eggs single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance; "slices of hard-boiled egg on a bed of spinach"
layer: an integrated, areally distributed, set of spatial data usually representing entity instances within one theme, or having one common attribute or attribute value in an association of spatial objects In the context of raster data, a layer is specifically a two-dimensional array of scaler values associated with all of part of a grid or image
layer: A logical set of thematic data described and stored in a map library Layers organize a map library by subject matter, e g , soils, roads, wells, and extend over the entire geographic area defined by the spatial index of the map library
layer: In networks, layers refer to software protocol levels comprising the architecture, with each layer performing functions for the layers above it
layer: The open system interconnection (OSI) model of seven layers that defines the protocols for data communications
layer: OSI reference model Each layer performs certain tasks to move the information from the sender to the receiver Protocols within the layers define the tasks for the networks
layer: a relatively thin sheetlike expanse or region lying over or under another make or form a layer; "layer the different colored sands
layer: {i} thickness of some material that covers a surface; stratum, covering, bed; person or thing that lays; egg laying chicken; twig which is induced to root while still attached to the parent plant (Gardening)
layer: Communication networks for computers may be organised as a set of more or less independent protocols, each in a different layer (also called level) The lowest layer governs direct host-to-host communication between the hardware at different hosts; the highest consists of user applications Each layer builds on the layer beneath it For each layer, programs at different hosts use protocols appropriate to the layer to communicate with each other TCP/IP has five layers of protocols; OSI has seven The advantage of having different layers of protocols is that the methods of passing information from one layer to another are specified clearly as part of the protocol suite, and changes within a protocol layer are prevented from affecting the other layers This greatly simplifies the task of designing and maintaining communication programs
layer: A collection of objected plotted on the Debrief Plot Each layer can be switched on and off individually using the Layer Manager When written to a plot-file, each layer is stored separately - making it quite easy to copy individual layers out of a plot-file using a text-editor and collating them into a new file (An example of this would be drawing exercise areas into one session, then moving them all into one layer, save the file to disk, copy this layer to a file of its own, then dropping this file of exercise areas into new files - an example of this is in the VPF best-practice )
layer: A thematic set of spatial data described and stored in an ArcStorm database or a LIBRARIAN map library Layers organize a database or map library by subject matter (e g , soils, roads, and wells) Conceptually, layers in a database or map library environment are exactly like coverages See also ArcStorm database and map library
layer: In network architecture, a protocol or group of protocols that function at a designated level within a protocol suite, such as IP within the TCP/IP suite Each layer is responsible for providing specific functions or services for the proper transmission of data on a network
layer: make or form a layer; "layer the different colored sands"
layer: If you layer something, you arrange it in layers. Layer the potatoes, asparagus and salmon in the tin. MPEG 1 audio layer 3 boundary layer ozone layer thin layer chromatography
layer: A logical set of thematic data described and stored in a map library Layers organize a map library by subject matter (e g , soils, roads, and wells), and extend over the entire geographic area defined by the spatial index of the map library
layer: Network protocols consist of several layers, from the lowest physical (cable, fiber, etc) level to more abstract layers of signaling, data formats, and addressing standards Under the OSI model there are seven layers
layer: single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance; "slices of hard-boiled egg on a bed of spinach"
layer: A logical separation of mapped information according to theme Many geographical information systems and CAD/CAM systems allow the user to choose and work on a single layer or any combination of layers at a time
layer: The GIS data model represents the world by sub-dividing features on the earth's surface according to a specific theme Each theme is then georeferenced Examples of layers for a study area might include: roads, railways, urban areas, coal mines, etc A layer usually consists of both spatial and attribute data
layer: a hen that lays eggs
layer: A collection of similar geographic features within a particular area that is defined by the map display An example of a layer may be a map of only rivers within a state There are different types of layers (also called data layers) such as shapefiles, coverages, or grids These data layers show different types of representations of the real world and can be accessed and managed like other types of data within your database
layer: Communication networks for computers may be organized as a set of, more or less, independent protocols, each in a different layer (or level) The lowest layer governs direct host-to-host communication between the hardware at different hosts; the highest consists of user applications TCP/IP has five layers of protocols; Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) Reference Model has seven: application layer, presentation layer, session layer, transport layer, network layer, data link layer and physical layer
layer: (Ticaret) To separate discrete levels from the total of a given item, based on time, specific batch identifier, or some other factor. On-hand inventory is sometimes layered to isolate the specific timing of the costs that created the total
layer: A layer of a material or substance is a quantity or piece of it that covers a surface or that is between two other things. A fresh layer of snow covered the street Arrange all the vegetables except the potatoes in layers
layer: One who, or that which, lays
layer: A shoot or twig of a plant, not detached from the stock, laid under ground for growth or propagation
layer: A Skin in Plone is an enumerated collection of Layers Skins can be managed at portal_skins/manage_propertiesForm All the folders in portal_skins can function as layers in a skin Layers are not currently circumscribed in what they can do They can change visual aspects of a Plone site (eg plone_styles/mozilla), they can surface new content types in a more or less presentation-neutral way (eg plone_3rdParty/CMFCalendar), or they can change/override the behaviour specified in other skins Maybe you can also look at this PloneDev Archive Entry
layer: If something such as a system or an idea has many layers, it has many different levels or parts. an astounding ten layers of staff between the factory worker and the chief executive Critics and the public puzzle out the layers of meaning in his photos
layer: – A thematic set of spatial data described and stored in an ArcStorm database or a LIBRARIAN map library Layers organize a database or map library by subject matter (e g , soils, roads, and wells) Conceptually, layers in a database or map library environment are exactly like coverages See also ArcStorm database and map library
layer: When stellating a polyhedron, cells form layers from the centre outwards Generally there is a single central cell, which is the region under all the face planes, where the volume under a face is whichever side contains the centre if the polyhedron In other words, the central cell is the one which contains the centre of the polyhedron For hemi-polyhedra, there are several central cells, each having a vertex at the centre of the polyhedron The central cell/cells form the innermost layer (usually referred to as layer 0) Each layer after that is made up of the minimal set of cells required to completely cover the previous layer (or cover as much as possible for the outer layers where sometimes the previous layer can not be completely covered)
layer: (1) (n ) In a graphical user interface, the points where windows and icons overlap one another (2) (n ) One of a set of services, functions, and protocols that span all open systems
layer: a collection of thematic data of the same type One or more layers compose a map (This definition is particular to Arc/Info although it is used in some other GIS packages, this concept may have other names in other GIS software)
layer: An image carrying information from one specific area of depth in the scene Compositing is started with the layer furthest off the eye, i e the background In an outdoor scene this is often the sky From there it is proceeded forwards, layer by layer, until the image with the information nearest to the eye (such as the face of an actress) is reached
layer: a relatively thin sheetlike expanse or region lying over or under another
layer: This is a new element created by Netscape that allows an author to define precisedly positioned 2-dimensoinal layout consisting of overlapping layers of transparent or solid content on a webpage
layer: thin structure composed of a single thickness of cells
layer: Communication networks for computers may be organized as a set of more or less independent protocols, each in a different layer (also called level) The lowest layer governs direct host-to-host communication between the hardware at different hosts; the highest consists of user applications Each layer builds on the layer beneath it For each layer, programs at different hosts use protocols appropriate to the layer to communicate with each other TCP/IP has five layers of protocols; OSI has seven The advantages of different layers of protocols is that the methods of passing information from one layer to another are specified clearly as part of the protocol suite, and changes within a protocol layer are prevented from affecting the other layers This greatly simplifies the task of designing and maintaining communication programs
layer: An artificial oyster bed
layer cake: cake which has more than one layer (often with cream or filling between layers)
layer cake: cake having layers held together by a sweet filling and usually covered with frosting
ozone layer: The ozone layer is the part of the Earth's atmosphere that has the most ozone in it. The ozone layer protects living things from the harmful radiation of the sun. A region of the upper atmosphere, between about 15 and 30 kilometers (10 and 20 miles) in altitude, containing a relatively high concentration of ozone that absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation in a wavelength range not screened by other atmospheric components. Also called ozonosphere. a layer of gases in the sky that prevents harmful radiation from the sun from reaching the Earth. or ozonosphere Region in the upper atmosphere, about 6-30 mi (10-50 km) high, with significant concentrations of ozone, formed by the effect of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation on oxygen and also present in trace quantities elsewhere in earth's atmosphere. Ozone strongly absorbs solar UV radiation, causing atmospheric temperature to climb to about 30°F (0°C) at the top of the layer, and preventing much of this radiation from reaching earth's surface, where it would injure many living things. Chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, and some other air pollutants that diffuse into the ozone layer destroy ozone. In the mid-1980s, scientists discovered that a "hole" an area where the ozone is up to 50% thinner than normal develops periodically in the ozone layer above Antarctica. This severe regional depletion, explained as a natural seasonal depletion, appears to have been exacerbated by the effects of CFCs, and may have led to an increase in skin cancer caused by UV exposure. Restrictions on the manufacture and use of CFCs and other ozone-destroying pollutants were imposed in 1978
ozone layer: a layer in the stratosphere (at approximately 20 miles) that contains a concentration of ozone sufficient to block most ultraviolet radiation from the sun
pipe layer: One who lays conducting pipes in the ground, as for water, gas, etc
pipe layer: A politician who works in secret; in this sense, usually written as one word
projectile blocking layer: protective vest, layer that protects from explosions
scattering layer: A concentrated layer of organisms in the ocean that reflects and scatters sound waves, as from sonar
sub layer: lower layer
thin layer: narrow film or stratum
thin-layer chromatography: Type of chromatography using as the stationary phase a thin layer (0.01 inch [0.25 mm]) of a special finely ground matrix (silica gel, alumina, or similar material) coated on a glass plate or incorporated in a plastic film. Solutions of the mixtures to be analyzed are spotted near one edge. Solutions of reference compounds are similarly applied. The edge of the plate is then dipped in a solvent. The solvent travels up the matrix by capillarity, moving the components of the samples at various rates because of their different degrees of attachment to the matrix and solubility in the developing solvent. The components, visible as separated spots, are identified by comparing the distances they have traveled with those of the known reference materials. TLC is useful for biological mixtures, especially lipids in animal or vegetable tissues and isoprenoids and essential oils found in flowers and other parts of plants. The matrices withstand strong solvents and developers better than the paper used in paper chromatography
tile-layer: professional who installs tile floors