Arne Thomas Augustine Augustine of Hippo Saint Augustine of Canterbury Saint De Voto Bernard Augustine Joyce James Augustine Aloysius Saint Augustine
(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became Bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St
{i} Saint Augustine (AD 354-430), one of the four Latin fathers of the early Christian Church, author, bishop of Hippo; Saint Augustine (died AD 604), Roman monk and first archbishop of Canterbury
American colonizer and political leader who worked to make Texas a state of Mexico but later helped Texas settlers gain their independence (1836). the capital city of the state of Texas in the US. City (pop., 2000: 656,600), capital of Texas, U.S. It was founded in 1835 as the village of Waterloo on the Colorado River in southern central Texas. In 1839 it was made capital of the Republic of Texas and renamed to honour Stephen Austin; when Texas became a state in 1845, Austin remained its capital. As the home of the University of Texas, it has expanded as a research and development centre for defense and consumer industries. The Lyndon B. Johnson Library is on the university campus. Austin John Austin John Langshaw Austin Stephen Fuller Beard Charles Austin
v. born Jan. 11, 1897, Ogden, Utah, U.S. died Nov. 13, 1955, New York, N.Y. U.S. journalist, historian, and critic. De Voto taught at Northwestern and Harvard universities, briefly edited The Saturday Review (1936-38), and wrote a column for Harper's (1935-55). Known for his works on American literature and the history of the western frontier as well as for his vigorous, outspoken style, he was one of the most widely read critics and historians of his day. Among his nonfiction works are Mark Twain's America (1932), Across the Wide Missouri (1948, Pulitzer Prize), and The Course of Empire (1952)
born Feb. 2, 1882, Dublin, Ire. died Jan. 13, 1941, Zürich, Switz. Irish novelist. Educated at a Jesuit school (though he soon rejected Catholicism) and at University College, Dublin, he decided early to become a writer. In 1902 he moved to Paris, which would become his principal home after years spent in Trieste and Zürich. His life was difficult, marked by financial troubles, chronic eye diseases that occasionally left him totally blind, censorship problems, and his daughter Lucia's mental illness. The remarkable story collection The Dubliners (1914) and the autobiographical novel Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916), his early prose volumes, were powerful examples of his gift for storytelling and his great intelligence. With financial help from friends and supporters, including Ezra Pound, Sylvia Beach (1887-1962), and Harriet Shaw Weaver (1876-1961), he spent seven years writing Ulysses (1922), the controversial masterpiece (initially banned in the U.S. and Britain) now widely regarded by many as the greatest English-language novel of the 20th century. It embodies a highly experimental use of language and exploration of such new literary methods as interior monologue and stream-of-consciousness narrative. He spent 17 years on his final work, the extraordinary Finnegans Wake (1939), famous for its complex and demanding linguistic virtuosity
born Nov. 13, 354, Tagaste, Numidia died Aug. 28, 430, Hippo Regius; feast day August 28 Christian theologian and one of the Latin Fathers of the Church. Born in Roman North Africa, he adopted Manichaeism, taught rhetoric in Carthage, and fathered a son. After moving to Milan he converted to Christianity under the influence of St. Ambrose, who baptized him in 387. He returned to Africa to pursue a contemplative life, and in 396 he became bishop of Hippo (now Annaba, Alg.), a post he held until his death while the city was under siege by a Vandal army. His best-known works include the Confessions, an autobiographical meditation on God's grace, and The City of God, on the nature of human society and the place of Christianity in history. His theological works On Christian Doctrine and On the Trinity are also widely read. His sermons and letters show the influence of Neoplatonism and carry on debates with the proponents of Manichaeism, Donatism, and Pelagianism. His views on predestination influenced later theologians, notably John Calvin. He was declared a Doctor of the Church in the early Middle Ages. City (pop., 2000: 11,592), northeastern Florida, U.S. It is the oldest continuously settled U.S. city. In 1513 Juan Ponce de León landed there in search of the Fountain of Youth and claimed the territory for Spain. It became part of the U.S. in 1821. The Castillo de San Marcos, now a national monument, is a symbol of the era of Spanish control. During the American Revolution the city was a refuge for loyalists, and during the Indian Wars it was the place of imprisonment for Osceola and other Seminoles. It is a winter and summer resort and a port on the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. The economy is based on tourism and fishing
born , Rome? died May 26, 604/605, Canterbury, Kent, Eng.; feast day May 26 in England and Wales, May 28 elsewhere First archbishop of Canterbury. A Benedictine prior in Rome, he was chosen by Pope Gregory I to lead 40 monks as missionaries to England. They arrived in 597 and were welcomed by King Ethelbert of Kent, at the behest of his queen, and he gave them a church in Canterbury. Augustine converted the king and thousands of his subjects and was made bishop of the English. On the pope's instructions he purified pagan temples and consecrated 12 other bishops. He founded Christ Church, Canterbury, as his cathedral and made Canterbury the primary see in England. He tried unsuccessfully to unify his churches with the Celtic churches of northern Wales
born Nov. 13, 354, Tagaste, Numidia died Aug. 28, 430, Hippo Regius; feast day August 28 Christian theologian and one of the Latin Fathers of the Church. Born in Roman North Africa, he adopted Manichaeism, taught rhetoric in Carthage, and fathered a son. After moving to Milan he converted to Christianity under the influence of St. Ambrose, who baptized him in 387. He returned to Africa to pursue a contemplative life, and in 396 he became bishop of Hippo (now Annaba, Alg.), a post he held until his death while the city was under siege by a Vandal army. His best-known works include the Confessions, an autobiographical meditation on God's grace, and The City of God, on the nature of human society and the place of Christianity in history. His theological works On Christian Doctrine and On the Trinity are also widely read. His sermons and letters show the influence of Neoplatonism and carry on debates with the proponents of Manichaeism, Donatism, and Pelagianism. His views on predestination influenced later theologians, notably John Calvin. He was declared a Doctor of the Church in the early Middle Ages
a North African Christian leader, philosopher, and writer whose books, such as his Confessions and The City of God, strongly influenced the development of Christianity (354-430 AD). an Italian priest who was sent to England by Pope Gregory I to teach the people about Christianity. He became the first Archbishop of Canterbury (?-605 AD)
born March 12, 1710, London, Eng. died March 5, 1778, London British composer. Son of a London upholsterer, he secretly taught himself instrumental skills and composition with the help of an opera musician. Smitten by the opera, he had an early success with his own first opera, Rosamond (1733), and thereafter concentrated almost exclusively on the theatre. As composer to Drury Lane Theatre and London's great pleasure gardens, he became Britain's leading theatrical composer and, after George Frideric Handel, possibly the finest British composer of the century. Of his approximately 90 theatrical works, the best known are Comus (1738), The Judgment of Paris (1740), and Artaxerxes (1762). His song "Rule, Britannia" became an unofficial national anthem. His sister Susannah (1714-66) was the famous singer and actress known as Mrs. Cibber