abstract

Определение abstract в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь: A powdered solid extract of a vegetable substance mixed with sugar of milk in such proportion that one part of the abstract represents two parts of the original substance; To steal; to take away; to remove without permission; To extract by means of distillation; An abridgement or summary; Apart from practice or reality; not concrete; ideal; vague; theoretical; impersonal; Difficult to understand; abstruse; To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with "out"
He abstracted out the square root function.; Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else; Of a class in object-oriented programming, being a partial basis for subclasses rather than a complete template for objects; General (as opposed to particular); Free from representational qualities; To perform the process of abstraction; An abstraction; an abstract term; Extracted; To withdraw; To withdraw oneself; to retire; An abstract work of art; To create artistic abstractions of; To separate; to remove; to take away; To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize; To draw off (interest or attention)
He was wholly abstracted by other objects.; Considered apart from any application to a particular object; removed from; apart from; separate; abstracted; That which is abstract; To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; Absent in mind; {a} abstracted, separated, pure; {v} to separate, remove, shorten, take; {n} an abridgement, a summary; consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically; An abstract is an abstract work of art; Expressing a particular property of an object viewed apart from the other properties which constitute it; opposed to concrete; as, honesty is an abstract word; Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction; general as opposed to particular; as, "reptile"; Resulting from the mental faculty of abstraction; general as opposed to particular; as, "reptile" is an abstract or general name; Hence: ideal; abstruse; difficult; An abstract term; That which comprises or concentrates in itself the essential qualities of a larger thing or of several things; Withdraw; separate; A summary, an abridgement Before the use of photo static copying, public records were kept by abstracts of recorded documents; Abstract art makes use of shapes and patterns rather than showing people or things. a modern abstract painting. Â¡Ã™ figurative; 1- A brief non-evaluative summary of a journal article, book, or other information source 2- An index to journal articles that gives brief summary of the article along with the citation; In grammar, an abstract noun refers to a quality or idea rather than to a physical object. abstract words such as glory, honor, and courage. Â¡Ã™ concrete; Abstract art makes use of shapes and patterns rather than showing people or things. a modern abstract painting. figurative; {f} remove, take away; steal; theorize, conceptualize; summarize, simplify; {i} summary, synopsis; essence; something that is not concrete, something that is abstract; An abstract idea or way of thinking is based on general ideas rather than on real things and events. abstract principles such as justice It's not a question of some abstract concept. = theoretical + abstractly ab·stract·ly It is hard to think abstractly in these conditions; {s} intangible, unconnected to concrete reality; theoretical, not practical; unconnected to a specific instance or example; difficult to understand; Abstracted; absent in mind; make off with belongings of others; A state of separation from other things; as, to consider a subject in the abstract, or apart from other associated things; To take secretly or dishonestly; to purloin; as, to abstract goods from a parcel, or money from a till; A summary of an article, book or other document; a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory; (1) A brief summary of the points in an article; (2) A source which compiles by subject, author, or title, articles in a selected group of periodicals and includes a summary of each article; A brief summary of an article or book Reading the abstract can help you decide if you want to locate and read the whole article or book; dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention; "abstract reasoning"; "abstract science"; A summary of the public records relating to the title to a particular piece of land If there are any title defects they must be cleared before a buyer can purchase clear, marketable, and insurable title; To epitomize; to abridge; To separate, as ideas, by the operation of the mind; to consider by itself; to contemplate separately, as a quality or attribute; (1) An index that not only provides citations, but also gives a brief summary of each item indexed (2) A short summary of an article in a scholarly journal, usually appearing towards the beginning of the article (3) A summary of a paper presented at a conference The full text of the paper is not always published; A short summary of a document that can either appear at the beginning of the document or in an index Indexes that include abstracts are often themselves called abstracts (i e , Historical Abstracts, Social Work Abstracts); To withdraw; to separate; to take away; A summary of the public records relating to the title to a particular piece of land An attorney or title insurance company reviews an abstract of title to determine whether there are any title defects, which must be cleared before a buyer, can purchase clear, marketable and insurable title; When you talk or think about something in the abstract, you talk or think about it in a general way, rather than considering particular things or events. Money was a commodity she never thought about except in the abstract; To draw off in respect to interest or attention; as, his was wholly abstracted by other objects; a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance; "he loved her only in the abstract--not in person"; consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoretically consider apart from a particular case or instance; "Let's abstract away from this particular example"; Specifically: A summary or an epitome, as of a treatise or book, or of a statement; a brief; based on specialized theory; "a theoretical analysis"; a written summary of the important points of a scientific article; the summary of a book, article, or other item Abstracts may appear in periodical indexes or bibliographies They are usually non critical and attempt to help the user make a decision about the importance of the item
abstract algebra: The branch of mathematics concerned with algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, and fields
abstract art: : Art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a non-representational way
abstract expressionism: An American genre of modern art that used improvised techniques to generate highly abstract forms
abstract harmonic analysis: advanced development of "classical" harmonic analysis dealing with functions of general kinds and with arguments as representations of infinite groups and group algebras of locally compact groups
abstract idea: An idea separated from a complex object, or from other ideas which naturally accompany it; as the solidity of marble when contemplated apart from its color or figure
abstract ideas: plural form of abstract idea
abstract language: Words that represent concepts rather than physical things
abstract nonsense: Details which are straightforward but so tedious that an author or lecturer would rather skip them (especially those of a category theoretical nature)
abstract nonsense: Details which involve diagram chasing
abstract noun: A noun that denotes an idea, emotion, feeling, quality or other abstract or intangible concept
abstract nouns: plural form of abstract noun
abstract number: A number used without application to things, as 6, 8, 10; but when applied to any thing, as 6 feet, 10 men, it becomes concrete
abstract numbers: plural form of abstract number
abstract of title: An epitome of the evidences of ownership; the condensed history of title to a particular parcel of real estate
abstract term: A term which expresses an abstract idea; such as beauty, whiteness, or roundness without regarding any object in which they exist
abstract term: A name for an order, genera, or species of things in which there is a combination of similar qualities
abstract terms: plural form of abstract term
abstract verb: Abstract verb refers to a verbal aspect in verbs of motion that is multidirectional (as opposed to unidirectional), an indirect motion, or a repeated action or series of actions (instead of a single, completed action). Abstract verbs are always imperfective in aspect, even if they have prefixes normally associated with the perfective aspect
concrete I flew to Frankfurt. (a single, completed action).
abstract verbs: plural form of abstract verb
abstract algebra: Abstract algebra is the subject area of mathematics that studies algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, fields, modules, vector spaces, and algebras. Most authors nowadays simply write algebra instead of abstract algebra
abstract space: (Coğrafya) Abstract space, in geography, refers to a hypothetical space characterized by equal and consistent properties; a geographic space that is completely homogenous
abstract thought: Thinking that is coherent and logical. (synonym) reasoning, logical thinking
Abstract Expressionism: style of abstract art characterized by sinuous lines, organic shapes, and few identifiable objects Often understood to be a free expression of subconscious mental activity
Abstract Expressionism: An art style of imageless and anti-formal paintings, improvisatory, dynamic, energetic, and free in technique, centered in New York in the post World War II era It was mainly used to describe non-geometric abstractions, and first came into use as a description of Kandinsky's paintings from 1910-14, but it applied more accurately to the work of Gorky and Pollock, and later Newman and Rothko
Abstract Expressionism: A term used generally to describe contemporary painting It was originally applied to Kandinsky’s abstract painting of the 1920’s, but many painters are still painting in this style today Paintings of this style are abstractions, with no recognizable relationship to anything in nature The style reflects the innermost feeling of the artist and usually results as an emotional release of the artist’s anger, fear or frustration Abstract Expressionism was the first artistic movement to have its roots both in Europe and in America Artists who painted in this style include Willem De Kooning, Mark Rothko, and Jackson Pollack
Abstract Expressionism: an American art movement of the 1950s and 1960s which invites the viewer to intuitively respond to colour and form
Abstract Expressionism: a style and movement of non-representational painting where artists apply paint quickly and forcefully to express feeling and emotion Developed in the 1940's and 1950's, the often-large works appear to be accidental but are very intentional Jackson Pollock is the movement's most important figures
Abstract Expressionism: American art movement of the 1940s that emphasized form and color within a nonrepresentational framework Jackson Pollock initiated the revolutionary technique of splattering the paint directly on canvas to achieve the subconscious interpretation of the artist's inner vision of reality
Abstract Expressionism: An American art movement from the 1950s and 60s Paintings by the Abstract Expressionists are non-objective, meaning that they have no basis in recognizable representations of the real world The birth of Abstract Expressionism marked the shift of the center of the art world from Europe to the US
Abstract Expressionism: The Russian Wassily Kandinsky sought Expressionism emotions in non-objective, or abstract, paintings He saw that objects and figures were not necessary to produce feelings in art He could do it with lines, shapes, and colors alone Kandinsky painted Expressionistic art that was abstract: hence, Abstract Expressionism The individual styles of Abstract Expressionists are as varied and individual as a person's handwriting This art movement contains great variety, for its creative method inspires individualism in its artists Abstract Expressionism began with no preconceived notions other than the experience of their most recent canvases But as the artist proceeds with the painting, the Abstract Expressionist carefully considers where it is to go The artist thinks about the arrangement of colors, lines and shapes
Abstract Expressionism: An art movement, primarily in painting, that originated in the United States in the 1940s and remained strong through the 1950s Artists working in many different styles emphasized spontaneous personal expression in large paintings that are abstract or nonrepresentational One type of Abstract Expressionism is called action painting See also expressionism
Abstract Windows Toolkit: set of Java program interfaces that provides Java applications with a uniform appearance on all platforms, AWT (Computers)
abstract art: {i} 20th century art movement in which attitudes and emotions are expressed through nonrepresentational means
abstract art: or nonobjective art or nonrepresentational art Art, including painting, sculpture, and graphic art, that does not represent recognizable objects. In the late 19th century the traditional European conception of art as the imitation of nature was abandoned in favour of the imagination and the unconscious. Abstraction developed in the early 20th century with such movements as Fauvism, Expressionism, Cubism, and Futurism. Vasily Kandinsky is credited as the first modern artist to paint purely abstract pictures, 1910. Piet Mondrian's De Stijl group in The Netherlands widened the spectrum 1915-20. Abstraction continued to flourish between the two world wars, and after the 1930s it was the most characteristic feature of Western art. After World War II, Abstract Expressionism emerged in the U.S. and had a great influence on European and American painting and sculpture. By the turn of the 21st century, artistic output was varied, with abstract art prominent alongside figurative and conceptual work
abstract expressionism: a New York school of painting characterized by freely created abstractions; the first important school of American painting to develop independently of European styles
abstract expressionism: A school of painting that flourished after World War II until the early 1960s, characterized by the view that art is nonrepresentational and chiefly improvisational. a style of painting that developed in New York in the late 1940s. It shows shapes and patterns which do not look like real things or people, but are intended to express emotions. It was practised by artists such as Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning. Movement in U.S. painting that began in the late 1940s. Its development was influenced by the radical work of Arshile Gorky and Hans Hofmann and by the immigration in the late 1930s and early '40s of many European avant-garde artists to New York. The Abstract Expressionist movement itself is generally regarded as having begun with the paintings done by Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning in the late 1940s and early '50s. Other artists who came to be associated with the style include Franz Kline, Mark Rothko, Clyfford Still, Philip Guston, Helen Frankenthaler, Barnett Newman, Adolph Gottlieb, Robert Motherwell, Lee Krasner, and Ad Reinhardt. The movement comprised many styles but shared several characteristics. The works were usually abstract (i.e., they depicted forms not found in the natural world); they emphasized freedom of emotional expression, technique, and execution; they displayed a single unified, undifferentiated field, network, or other image in unstructured space; and the canvases were large, to enhance the visual effect and project monumentality and power. The movement had a great impact on U.S. and European art in the 1950s; it marked the shift of the creative centre of modern painting from Paris to New York. See also abstract art; action painting
abstract expressionism: artistic movement seeking to give symbolic expression to inner experience
abstract idea: immaterial idea
abstract noun: {i} noun that represents some abstract idea or notion (i.e. independence, anger, love)
abstract noun: A noun that denotes an abstract or intangible concept, such as envy or joy. a noun that names a feeling, quality, or state rather than an object, animal, or person. For example, 'hunger' and 'beauty' are abstract nouns
abstract number: unnamed number, number that cannot be attributed to any specific substances
abstract of title: A brief history of the transfers of a piece of land, including all claims that could be made against it
abstract painting: painting made in the abstract method, painting which does not exactly represent its subject
abstract plan: indefinite plan, vague strategy; theoretical idea, hypothetical plan
abstract thinking: philosophical thought, hypothetical thinking, vague thinking, imaginary or unreal thought
abstract thinking: Interactions with one's own internal states as if they were independant entities (NC 8, BC 16, 44)
abstract thinking: ability to think in terms of ideas
abstract thinking: Being able to apply abstract concepts to new situations and surroundings
abstract thinking: Being able to apply abstract concepts to new situations and surroundings [Click Here to Return to List]
abstracted: Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind
An abstracted scholar. - Johnson.
abstracted: Simple past tense and past participle of abstract
abstracted: Abstract; abstruse; difficult
abstractedly: In an abstracted manner; separately; with absence of mind
abstraction: An idea or notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; as, to fight for mere abstractions
abstraction: A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation. - Nicholson
abstraction: The act of leaving out of consideration one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend to others; analysis
Abstraction is no positive act: it is simply the negative of attention.
abstraction: The taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property of another; purloining. - ""
abstraction: Any generalization technique that ignores or hides details to capture some kind of commonality between different instances for the purpose of controlling the intellectual complexity of engineered systems, particularly software systems
abstraction: Removal of water from a river, lake, or aquifer, typically for industrial or agricultural uses
abstraction: Any intellectual construct produced through the technique of abstraction
abstractly: In an abstract state or manner; separately; absolutely; by itself; as, matter abstractly considered
an abstract: summary
abstraction: {i} abstract idea; unrealistic idea; act of removing or separating; preoccupation, absentmindedness; abstract work of art
abstracted: {a} separated, abstruse, absent
abstractedly: {a} simply, by itself
abstraction: {n} a drawing from, a separating of ideas, withdrawing from the world
abstractly: {a} simply, by itself
Abstracted: taken out of or separated from; "possibility is achievability, abstracted from achievement"- A N Whitehead
Abstracted: lost in thought; showing preoccupation; "an absent stare"; "an absentminded professer"; "the scatty glancing quality of a hyperactive but unfocused intelligence"
Abstractedly: in an absent-minded or preoccupied manner; "he read the letter absently"
Abstraction: The use of a general contract as a placeholder for specific details A technique for separating use from implementation
Abstraction: is formation of an idea, as of the qualities or properties of a thing, by mental separation from particular instances or material objects In software visualisation, abstraction depends on ignoring some aspects of a program or algorithm being visualised, if they do not constitute an efficient means for algorithm understanding On the other hand, it also consists of introduction to the visualisation some elements, which are present neither in the executed program nor in its data, and are usually difficult or impossible to be deduced from them (so called intention content - see below)
Abstraction: The logical form which analogous things have in common Also, the process of identifying characteristics that distinguish a collection of similar objects
Abstraction: Abstraction means extracting the essential features of something without including unnecessary detail In the context of object oriented development, we design classes so that clients of a class do not need to know about the detailed implementation of the class Perfect supports this kind of abstraction in specifications as well as implementations Although it is sometimes possible to define a class adequately by its behaviour alone, more often it is necessary to have some model of the data stored by the class in order to understand what the class is for The class methods are specified in terms of this abstract data model (although naturally, clients of the class do not have direct access to it) This leaves the way open to refining the abstract data model to a more efficient implementation model
Abstraction: In programming design abstraction means hiding details so that only what is needed to use the software is shown Abstraction, information hiding, and encapsulation all mean the same thing
Abstraction: The act of considering something as a general quality or characteristic, apart from concrete realities, specific objects, or actual instances
Abstraction: preoccupation with something to the exclusion of all else
Abstraction: A description of a collection of things that applies equally well to any one of them Also, a concept that denotes the common properties of a family
Abstraction: (v) the process of forming an abstract representation, usually hiding detail of the component, system or process not required for the purpose (n) the result of the process of abstraction
Abstraction: Process of deriving a general concept from specific details; partial representation of something whole
Abstraction: The essential characteristics of an entity that distinguish it from all other kind of entities An abstraction defines a boundary relative to the perspective of the viewer
Abstraction: the process of removing similar functionality from subclasses and instead defining it in their superclass (What is Programming? - Slide 16)
Abstraction: A mental activity, an attitude of mind which affects primarily the entire life-attitude of the personality It involves not only the detachment from long habit, but it involves also a complete readjustment of the entire threefold person to the world of souls
Abstraction: a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance; "he loved her only in the abstract--not in person"
Abstraction: Genus: Mental process Differentia: Forms a generalization from particulars
Abstraction: (1) the level of technical detail of some representation of software; (2) a cohesive model of data or an algorithmic procedure
Abstraction: a general concept formed by extracting common features from specific examples
Abstraction: an abstract painting
Abstraction: Method for computing depreciation by comparing the replacement cost of improvements to the sales price less the land value
Abstraction: The process of hiding details in a program, or the result of the process
Abstraction: – (1) With respect to software, the conceptual difference between the physical reality of computer hardware and the abstract or logical view of that same hardware provided by system software and/or a programming language (2) With respect to computer system modeling, the process of selecting and representing computing resources and application demands within a model
Abstraction: An abstraction is the
Abstraction: a generalized, condensed, or simplified concept derived from a more complex situation A part representation of some whole
Abstraction: (v) The process of separating the interface to some functionality from the underlying implementation in such a way that the implementation can be changed without changing the way that piece of code is used (n) The API (interface) for some piece of functionality that has been separated in this way
Abstraction: the act of withdrawing or removing something
Abstraction: the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances
Abstraction: An intensional representation of a class, typically a description Abstractions always summarize, that is, they emphasize some properties and leave out other properties Omitted properties may be particular to members of the class but are not salient to defining the class
Abstraction: abstraction means ignoring many details in order to focus on the most important elements of a problem
Abstraction: A simplified representation of something that is potentially quite complex It is often not necessary to know the exact details of how something works, is represented or is implemented, because we can still make use of it in its simplified form Object-oriented design often involves finding the right level of abstraction at which to work when modeling real-life objects If the level is too high, then not enough detail will be captured If the level is too low, then a program could be more complex and difficult to create and understand than it needs to be
Abstraction: A representation of a problem, process, etc , that focuses on logical properties rather than on implementation details
Abstraction: is the act of abstracting, the separating from the concrete To derive To epitomize; to abridge, summarize, concentrate A brief statement of the chief points of a larger work; a condensed record or representation
Abstractly: in abstract terms
Abstractness: the quality of being considered apart from a specific instance or object
abstracted: achievability, abstracted from achievement"- A
abstracted: Separated from matter; abstract; ideal
abstracted: Separated or disconnected; withdrawn; removed; apart
abstracted: Whitehead
abstracted: {s} meditative, preoccupied; deep in thought
abstracted: Someone who is abstracted is thinking so deeply that they are not fully aware of what is happening around them. The same abstracted look was still on his face. = preoccupied + abstractedly ab·stract·ed·ly She nodded abstractedly. not noticing anything around you because you are thinking carefully about something else
abstracted: taken out of or separated from; "possibility is
abstracted: past of abstract
abstractedly: distractedly, in an absent-minded manner
abstracting: Creating a representation of the salient features of an information element An information element could be any information-carrying artifact, including a document, a segment of a document, an annotation, or even a group of elements The representation could take different forms, including a well-chosen name, a summary, or an object and attributes representation of features In the context of sensemaking, sensemakers often search for cogent abstractions to guide them in simplifying and structuring information See also summarizing and naming
abstracting: To describe key features or characteristics in summary form
abstracting: A thinking skill that involves summarizing and converting real-world events or ideas into models
abstracting: the act of summarizing information to make it easier and faster to search through Journal articles have well defined abstracts (though shorter items like letters to the editor are not really worth the effort to abstract) Web pages do not, hence the difficulty in searching through a large list of results when using a typical WWW search engine
abstracting: present participle of abstract
abstracting: {s} summarizing, taking away a portion of something; creating an abstract artistic work; getting rid of something without permission
abstracting: Abstracting is writing a succinct summary or synopsis of a work, often for an academic publication or professional journal The length, style, and amount of detail in an abstract vary depending on its intended use Estimated pace of work: Highly variable, depending in part on length and complexity of original material Fees: $50 to $100 per hour
abstraction: Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by itself, or the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure, the act is called abstraction
abstraction: The taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property of another; purloining
abstraction: An abstraction is a general idea rather than one relating to a particular object, person, or situation. Is it worth fighting a big war, in the name of an abstraction like sovereignty?
abstraction: A separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a hermit's abstraction
abstraction: Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects
abstraction: A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation
abstraction: The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or the state of being withdrawn; withdrawal
abstraction: So, also, when it considers whiteness, softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects
abstraction: a general concept formed by extracting common features from specific examples the act of withdrawing or removing something an abstract painting the process of formulating general concepts by abstracting common properties of instances a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance; "he loved her only in the abstract--not in person
abstraction: The act process of leaving out of consideration one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend to others; analysis
abstractly: theoretically, hypothetically; distractedly, in an absent-minded manner
abstractness: The quality of being abstract
abstractness: {i} quality of being abstract, state of being separate from the concrete or the real
abstractor: one who makes abstracts or summarizes information
abstractor: One who abstracts, or makes an abstract
abstracts: Abstracts are summaries of periodical articles and are usually one paragraph in length
abstracts: Short formal summaries of longer documentation
abstracts: none
abstracts: Statements issued by the Urgent Issues Task Force Companies must follow the requirements of Abstracts when preparing their accounts
abstracts: A database or print service that provides subject access to works in a specific subject field or a group of subject fields that also provides a summary of the work Most abstracts at UNI cover journal articles
abstracts: third-person singular of abstract
abstracts: plural of abstract
abstracts: The papers written by speakers noting their proposed lecture for the event After the event these papers are often printed and bound in a single volume and/or made available by Electronic Mail
abstracts: Abstracts linked to the corresponding OMIM entry containing the keyword
in the abstract: in an abstract manner, theoretically

abstract

Расстановка переносов

ab·stract

Турецкое произношение

äbsträkt

Синонимы

abridgment, compendium, epitome, synopsis, conceptual, theoretical, formal, abstruse, remove, separate, take away, withdraw, abridge, epitomize, summarize

Антонимы

applied, practical, concrete, actual, factual, material, objective, physical, real, document, manuscript, add, combine, fill, insert

Произношение

/abˈstrakt/ /æbˈstrækt/

Этимология

[ ab-strakt, ab-" ] (adjective.) 14th century. From Old French abstract, or from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō, formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“draw”).