monopoly

Определение monopoly в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь: A board game in which players use play money to buy and trade properties, with the objective of forcing opponents into bankruptcy; The market thus controled; An exclusive control over the trade or production of a commodity or service through exclusive possession
A land monopoly renders its holder(s) nearly almighty in an agricultural society.; The holder (person, company or other) of such market domination in one of the the above manners; A situation, by legal privilege or other agreement, in which solely one party (company, cartel etc.) exclusively provides a particular product or service, dominating that market and generally exerting powerful control over it; The privilege granting the exclusive right to exert such control
Granting monopolies in concession constitutes a market-conform alternative to taxation for the state, while the crown sometimes bestowed a monopoly as an outrageous gift.; the control of a thing, as a commodity, to enable a person to raise its price; {n} the sole property of selling, the act of engrossing all; a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die; A market structure that exists when a company turns out a product that has no close substitutes p 56; A market for a good or service in which there is only one seller; a market in which there is only one seller; Control of a product, market, or industry by one individual or company A commodity that is characterized by the absence of competition (See also competition, and deregulation, ); Exclusive control of a commodity or service by one seller Under the current system of regulation, electric utilities are typically monopolies within their designated service territories (See Monopsony, Oligopoly); a situation in which a firm can influence the price at which it sells its output by varying the amount it produces and offers for sale (adapted from Hyman, 1983) In a pure monopoly, there is no other firm which produces a close substitute for the firm's product Thus the demand curve facing the monopolist is the market demand curve (Folland et al , 1997) (S4, IV) chinese | russian; An exclusive control over the trade or manufacture of a commodity; The only seller with control over market sales; The state that exists when one person or company is the exclusive provider of goods or services; A company dominating a market in one of the the above manners; If a company, person, or state has a monopoly on something such as an industry, they have complete control over it, so that it is impossible for others to become involved in it. Russian moves to end a state monopoly on land ownership. the governing party's monopoly over the media; A market with only one supplier; A situation in which solely one company exclusively provides a particular product or service, dominating that market and generally exerting powerful control over it; {i} exclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market; total access or privilege to the exclusion of competitors; (p 42) A market in which there is only one seller; Exclusive possession; as, a monopoly of land; Where the market has only one supplier; If you say that someone does not have a monopoly on something, you mean that they are not the only person who has that thing. Women do not have a monopoly on feelings of betrayal. a very popular type of board game that has been sold since the 1930s. Players use toy money to buy streets and buildings on squares on the board, and then make other players pay rent if they move onto those squares. The squares on the board show the names of real streets in cities in the US (=in an American Monopoly set), London (=in a British Monopoly set), or other big cities around the world. People sometimes use the expression Monopoly money to mean a very large amount of money. Exclusive possession of a market by a supplier of a product or service for which there is no substitute. In the absence of competition, the supplier usually restricts output and increases price in order to maximize profits. The concept of pure monopoly is useful for theoretical discussion but is rarely encountered in actuality. In situations where having more than one supplier is inefficient (e.g., for electricity, gas, or water), economists refer to "natural monopoly" (see public utility). For monopoly to exist there must be a barrier to the entry of competing firms. In the case of natural monopolies, the government creates that barrier. Either local government provides the service itself, or it awards a franchise to a private company and regulates it. In some cases the barrier is attributable to an effective patent. In other cases the barrier that eliminates competing firms is technological. Large-scale, integrated operations that increase efficiency and reduce production costs confer a benefit on firms that adopt them and may confer a benefit on consumers if the lower costs lead to lower product prices. In many cases the barrier is a result of anticompetitive behaviour on the part of the firm. Most free-enterprise economies have adopted laws to protect consumers from the abuse of monopoly power. The U.S. antitrust laws are the oldest examples of this type of monopoly-control legislation; public-utility law is an outgrowth of the English common law as it pertains to natural monopolies. Antitrust law prohibits mergers and acquisitions that lessen competition. The question asked is whether consumers will benefit from increased efficiency or be penalized with a lower output and a higher price. See also oligopoly; Genus: Political privilege Differentia: Government forcibly prohibits competition Comment: Using monopoly to mean "Dominant in market share" is an anti-concept which evades the difference between economic power and political power Link: Article; The commodity or other material thing to which the monopoly relates; as, tobacco is a monopoly in France; A market situation in which a product that does not have close substitutes is being produced and sold by a single seller; A market containing a single firm; A privilege vested in one or more parties consisting of the exclusive right to carry on a particular business or trade In the case of trademark law, a monopoly specifically references the exclusive right to use a word, symbol, sound or trade dress, etc in association with a particular kind of good or service; Exclusive control over a product or the means of producing it; Strictly defined as a market situation in which there is a single supplier of a good or service, but often used to suggest any situation in which a firm has considerable power over market price; A market structure with only a single seller of a commodity or service dealing with a large number of buyers which results in closing entry into the industry to potential competitors Consequently, due to the absence of a competitive supply of goods on the market, the seller usually has complete control over the quantity of goods released into the market and the ability to set the price at which they are sold This results in a lower level of production and a higher price than would occur under more competitive market conditions; exclusive control or possession of something; "They have no monopoly on intelligence"; A situation where a single company controls nearly all of a particular market for goods or services; A monopoly is a company which is the only one providing a particular product or service. a state-owned monopoly; a market consisting of only one firm; situation in which there is only one seller of a product or service; A market with one dominant supplier; a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die exclusive control or possession of something; "They have no monopoly on intelligence"; The exclusive power, or privilege of selling a commodity; the exclusive power, right, or privilege of dealing in some article, or of trading in some market; sole command of the traffic in anything, however obtained; as, the proprietor of a patented article is given a monopoly of its sale for a limited time; chartered trading companies have sometimes had a monopoly of trade with remote regions; a combination of traders may get a monopoly of a particular product; One or only a few firms dominate In general, the economy favors competition between service and product providers For instance, there are a lot of different restaurants as opposed to one restaurant that produces and controls the restaurant industry Regarding databases, there are, for various reasons, companies that are sole-source providers of information, i e the New York Stock Exchange Generally, the providers are regulated to prevent them from abusing their position as the only source of information H R 354 would put larger, established companies above the competition and unfairly strengthen the market position of certain large companies; (economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller; "a monopoly on silver"; "when you have a monopoly you can ask any price you like; one firm in an industry selling a product for which there are no close substitutes (chapter 10); exclusive ownership or control of something by one person or a small group of people, such as a monopoly of trade or an industrial monopoly; type of control that makes it possible to fix prices
Monopoly money: Money that doesn't really exist, referring to fraudulent record keeping
They did so to conceal the fact that they were playing with Monopoly money—fabricating profits as phony as the pastel-colored money used in the classic Parker Brothers board game.
Monopoly money: Bills of foreign currency which are brightly colored or printed on flimsy paper
Monopoly money: Play money printed on paper, especially differently colored denominations of the board game Monopoly
monopoly board: a board used for playing monopoly
natural monopoly: Control over the market for a product which occurs when a firm gains large benefit from economies of scale, or from a superior business model or product, and is thus able to produce a very large percentage of the total market demand for a given product and unintentionally exclude meaningful competition via price structures
discriminating monopoly: (Bilim, İlim) A state where a company with MONOPOLY power charges different prices in different markets, according to the characteristics of each market
has a monopoly: has exclusive control of a commodity or service
monopolies: plural of monopoly

monopoly

Расстановка переносов

mo·nop·o·ly

Турецкое произношение

mınäpıli

Синонимы

monopolist, cartel, consortium, copyright, corner, holding, oligopoly, ownership, patent, pool, possessorship, proprietorship, syndicate, trust

Антонимы

monopsony, distribution, joint-ownership, scattering, sharing

Произношение

/məˈnäpəlē/ /məˈnɑːpəliː/

Этимология

[ m&-'nä-p(&-)lE ] (noun.) 1534. From Latin monopōlium from Ancient Greek μονοπώλιον (monopōlion, “a right of exclusive sale”) from μόνος (monos, “sole”) + πωλέω (pōleō, “I barter, sell”).