lobbying

Определение lobbying в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь: Any attempt by a group or individual to influence the decisions of government. The term originated in 19th-century efforts to influence the votes of legislators, generally in the lobby outside a legislative chamber. The effort may be a direct appeal to a decision maker in either the executive or legislative branches, or it may be indirect (e.g., through attempts to influence public opinion). It may include oral or written efforts of persuasion, campaign contributions, public-relations campaigns, research supplied to legislative committees, and formal testimony before such committees. A lobbyist may be a member of a special-interest group, a professional willing to represent any group, or a private individual. In the U.S., the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act (1946) requires that lobbyists and the groups they represent register and report contributions and expenditures; To try to persuade politicians that our opinion is the right one; An accepted practice in the democratic process whereby individuals or groups seek to make their views known to politicians in the hope of influencing decision-making Lower House: One of the two houses in a bicameral system In New South Wales, the Legislative Assembly; Efforts by any group or organization to influence legislation Lobbying activities by public charities are limited by Section 501(c)(3) of the tax code, and with some exceptions, lobbying by private foundations is prohibited Efforts by such organizations for self-defense issues, when asked to testify, or for nonpartisan research and analysis are generally considered exceptions to the lobbying restrictions; {i} act of attempting to convince public officials to favor a certain cause or take a certain action; Efforts to influence legislation by influencing the opinion of legislators, legislative staff and government administrators directly involved in drafting legislative proposals The Internal Revenue Code sets limits on lobbying by organizations that are exempt from tax under Section 501(c)(3) Public charities (see Public Charity) may lobby as long as lobbying does not become a substantial part of their activities Private foundations (see Private Foundations) generally may not lobby except in limited circumstances such as on issues affecting their tax-exempt status or the deductibility of gifts to them Conducting nonpartisan analysis and research and disseminating the results to the public generally is not lobbying for purposes of these restrictions; Activities that are aimed at influencing public officials, especially legislators, and help influence the policies they enact Internet Link- Los Angeles City Ethics Commission - campaign finance disclosure, lobbying program, and governmental ethics: http: //www lacity org/ETH This link will take you to an article on 'The Fall of a Giant: Enron's Campaign Contributions and Lobbying': http: //www opensecrets org/alerts/v6/alertv6_31 asp; To attempt to influence the thinking of legislators or other public officials for or against a specific cause; Activity engaged in by individuals or organizations (directly or through hired representatives) that is directed to elements of government in an attempt to influence legislation or policies in a way that is favorable to the interests of the lobbying group; any activity designed to influence a Member of Congress to favor or oppose any legislation (including appropriation), whether before or after the introduction of any bill or resolution proposing such legislation Accordingly, OSM grant funds may not be used to; Effort to influence government, business, and other organizations by means of such activities as letter writing, petitioning or telephoning official representatives; in public relations, directly interacting with elected officials or government regulators and agents
lobbying expense: expenses incurred in promoting or evaluating legislation; "many lobbying expenses are deductible by a taxpayer
lobby: A class or group of people who try to lobby or influence public officials; collectively, lobbyists
The influence of the tobacco lobby has decreased considerably in the US.
lobby: An entryway or reception area; vestibule
I had to wait in the lobby for hours before seeing the doctor.
lobby: {n} on opening before a room, antichamber
lobby: To attempt to influence (a public official or decision-maker) in favor of a specific opinion or cause
lobby: a group of people who try actively to influence legislation detain in conversation by or as if by holding on to the outer garments of; as for political or economic favors
lobby: The Bill will cross the lobbies Be sent from the House of Commons to the House of Lords
lobby: An apartment or passageway in the fore part of an old-fashioned cabin under the quarter- deck
lobby: A lobby is a group of people who represent a particular organization or campaign, and try to persuade a government or council to help or support them. He set up this lobby of independent producers
lobby: A confined place for cattle, formed by hedges
lobby: The act of a person or group of persons (lobbyists) seeking to present their views on an issue to the members of the legislature and its committees and working for the passage or defeat of proposed legislation
lobby: A group of persons engaged in trying to influence legislators or other public officials in favor of a specific cause
lobby: If you lobby someone such as a member of a government or council, you try to persuade them that a particular law should be changed or that a particular thing should be done. Carers from all over the UK lobbied Parliament last week to demand a better financial deal Gun control advocates are lobbying hard for new laws + lobbying lob·by·ing The aid was frozen in June after intense lobbying by conservative Republicans
lobby: In a hotel or other large building, the lobby is the area near the entrance that usually has corridors and staircases leading off it. I met her in the lobby of the museum. lobbied lobbying lobbies to try to persuade the government or someone with political power that a law or situation should be changed lobby for/against
lobby: Bringing pressure on a government to do something for the benefit of a particular interest
lobby: {i} large hall or near the entrance to a building (especially in a hotel, theater, etc.); public entrance-hall alongside a legislative chamber; political action group
lobby: To address or solicit members of a legislative body in the lobby or elsewhere, with the purpose to influence their votes
lobby: Seen as part of a citizens right to petition the government, lobbying involves activities aimed at influencing government officials to enact desired policies
lobby: trees, or other fencing, near the farmyard
lobby: A group or organization-sometimes called a "pressure group"-that seeks to influence legislation, administrative action, and/or public opinion Commercial and industrial interests, trade associations, labor unions, organizations representing ethnic and racial groups, professional networks, citizen organizations, and representatives of foreign concerns work to achieve their special interests A lobby's power to influence, however, often may be based not on the merits of its arguments, but on its size, its financial and membership resources, and the astuteness of its representatives
lobby: scouse (from lobscouse)
lobby: a group of people who try actively to influence legislation
lobby: {f} attempt to convince public officials to favor a certain cause or take a certain action
lobby: A passage or hall of communication, especially when large enough to serve also as a waiting room
lobby: The class or group of people who try to lobby or influence public officials; collectively, lobbyists
lobby: The effort to influence legislation, most often by a paid agent of a special interest group
lobby: A group seeking to influence the passage or defeat of legislation Lobbying may include direct attempts to influence lawmakers through personal interviews and persuasion as well as indirect, or "grass-roots," influence such as persuading members of a group to write or visit their local elected officials or attempting to create a climate of opinion favorable to a desired legislative goal The right to attempt to influence legislation is based on the First Amendment to the Constitution, which says "Congress shall make no law…abridging the right of the people to petition the government for redress of grievances "
lobby: A group seeking to influence the passage or defeat of legislation Originally, the term referred to persons frequenting the lobbies or corridors of legislative chambers in order to speak to lawmakers
lobby: a large entrance or reception room or area
lobby: detain in conversation by or as if by holding on to the outer garments of; as for political or economic favors
lobby: It differs from an antechamber in that a lobby communicates between several rooms, an antechamber to one only; but this distinction is not carefully preserved
lobby: An entryway or waiting area; vestibule
lobby: That part of a hall of legislation not appropriated to the official use of the assembly; hence, the persons, collectively, who frequent such a place to transact business with the legislators; any persons, not members of a legislative body, who strive to influence its proceedings by personal agency
lobby: A group of persons or an organization seeking to influence the passage or defeat of legislation A lobbyist is a person who represents a particular individual or group for the purpose of affecting the outcome of legislation To lobby Congress is to seek to influence the decisions of members of the House or Senate
lobby: To urge the adoption or passage of by soliciting members of a legislative body; as, to lobby a bill
lobby: entrance hall

lobbying

Расстановка переносов

lob·by·ing

Турецкое произношение

läbiîng

Произношение

/ˈläbēəɴɢ/ /ˈlɑːbiːɪŋ/

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lobbying

Определение lobbying в Английский Язык Турецкий язык словарь

Связанные Термины

Определение lobbying в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь

Связанные Термины

Расстановка переносов

Турецкое произношение

Произношение

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