The sound recording and playback device invented by Emile Berliner It consisted of a turntable for a disc record, a sound box mounted on a pivot (allowing the record groove to guide the stylus), and a conical sounding-horn The first gramophones were hand-driven, but the machinist, Eldridge Johnson (later the founder of the Victor Talking Machine Co ), devised a practical spring-motor for the machine in 1896 Note: although the distinction between the gramophone and phonograph (and the recordings played on them) continued for many years, by the time of the demise of the Edison cylinder in 1929, the term phonograph was regularly used to refer to disc-playing machines See also graphophone, lateral recording and phonograph