(Askeri) ATMOSFERİK IŞIK KIRILMASI: Uzak bir noktadan gelen ışığın atmosfer tarafından kırılması. Buna, ışığın, değişik hava yoğunluklarını, eğik açılarda geçmesi sebep olur
(Askeri) KIYI KIRILMASI: Bir telsiz yer dalgası seyir istikametinin karadan denize ve denizden karaya geçerken değişmesi. Buna kara etkisi ve kıyı hattı etkisi de denir
the bending of electromagnetic radiation by its passage through a medium of a high refractive index Light is refracted by passing through a lens, water, or the atmosphere
The change of direction of propagation of any wave, such as an electromagnetic wave, when it passes from one medium to another in which the wave velocity is different Simply put, the bending of incident rays as they pass from one medium to another, such as air to water
The process in which the direction of energy propagation is changed as the result of a change in density within the propagating medium, or as the energy passes through the interface representing a density discontinuity between two media In the first instance the rays undergo a smooth bending over a finite distance In the second case the index of refraction changes through an interfacial layer that is thin compared to the wavelength of the radiation; thus, the refraction is abrupt, essentially discontinuous See atmospheric refraction Compare reflection, diffraction, scattering
Change in direction of a wave as it leaves one medium and enters another. Waves, such as sound and light waves, travel at different speeds in different media. When a wave enters a new medium at an angle of less than 90°, the change in speed occurs sooner on one side of the wave than on the other, causing the wave to bend, or refract. When water waves approach shallower water at an angle, they bend and become parallel to the shore. Refraction explains the apparent bending of a pencil when it is partly immersed in water and viewed from above the surface. It also causes the optical illusion of the mirage
(1) The deflection, or bending, of the ray path of a seismic wave caused by its passage from one material to another having different elastic properties (2) Bending of a tsunami wave front owing to variations in the water depth along a coastline
The change in the direction of a ray of light, and, consequently, in the apparent position of a heavenly body from which it emanates, arising from its passage through the earth's atmosphere; hence distinguished as atmospheric refraction, or astronomical refraction
The bending of a beam of light through an interface between two dissimilar media or in a medium whose refractive index is a continuous function of position (such as graded-index fiber)
The bending of light as it passes from one medium into another; the amount of bending depends on the speeds of light in the two media
The phenomenon of a beam of light bending as the light's velocity changes This occurs when the refractive index of the material through which the light is passing changes Let i be the normalized incident ray vector (pointing towards the surface), which has unit surface normal n If t is the transmitted (refracted) vector inside a transparent medium, then: where is the ratio of the refractive indices of the inside and outside media (See Snell's law )
The bending of light rays as they pass through a transmission medium of one refractive index into a medium with a different refractive index
The bending of light at a particular angle as it passes through a transparent medium (such as glass or water) Rainbows are causes by light refracting and reflecting (twice) inside raindrops
The change in direction of an electromagnetic wave resulting from changes in the velocity of propagation of the medium through which it passes
When a ray of light passes from one medium to another, the difference in the speed of light in the medium results in an apparent bending of the light at the interface This is known as refraction See the section on specular transmission for details
The bending of a beam of light at an interface between two dissimilar media or in a medium whose refractive index is a continuous function of position (graded-index medium)
The process by which the direction of light changes as it passes obliquely from one medium to another in which its speed is different
the bending of waves when they pass from one transparent medium (or vacuum) to another (e g , sunlight bending as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere)
The correction which is to be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account of atmospheric refraction, in order to obtain the true altitude
the change of direction of a ray of light in passing obliquely from one medium into another in which the speed of propagation differs
(1) The deflection of the ray path of a seismic wave caused by its passage from one material to another having different elastic properties (2) Bending of a tsunami wave front owing to variations in the water depth along a coastline
The bending of light or radar beam as it passes through a zone of contrasting properties, such as atmospheric density, water vapor, or temperature
a test to determine the refractive power of the eye; also, the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another
The change of direction or speed of light as it passes from one medium to another
{i} bending of light or energy as it passes from one medium into a second medium in which the energy travels at a different speed
The change in the direction of ray of light, heat, or the like, when it enters obliquely a medium of a different density from that through which it has previously moved
the change in direction of a propagating wave (light or sound) when passing from one medium to another
The bending of a beam of light at an interface between two dissimilar media or a medium whose refractive index is a continuous function of position (graded index medium)
The change in direction of a ray of light in oblique passage from one transparent medium to another of different density, caused by the effect of a change of velocity of the light waves
The bending of a wave disturbance as it passes obliquely from one medium into another in which the disturbance has a different velocity
The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a medium is a measure for how much the speed of light (or other waves such as sound waves) is reduced inside the medium. For example, typical glass has a refractive index of 1.5, which means that light travels at times the speed in air or vacuum. Two common properties of glass and other transparent materials are directly related to their refractive index. First, light rays change direction when they cross the interface from air to the material, an effect that is used in lenses and glasses. Second, light reflects partially from surfaces that have a refractive index different from that of their surroundings
The angle formed between the path of a beam and an imaginary line drawn perpendicular (at 90°) to the surface of the medium Look at Figure 7 13a Back to Chapter 7
or birefringence Optical property in which a single ray of unpolarized light (see polarization) splits into two components traveling at different velocities and in different directions. One ray is refracted (see refraction) at an angle as it travels through the medium, while the other passes through unchanged. The splitting occurs because the speed of the ray through the medium is determined by the orientation of the light compared with the crystal lattice of the medium. Since unpolarized light consists of waves that vibrate in all directions, some will pass through the lattice without being affected, while others will be refracted and change direction. Materials that exhibit double refraction include ice, quartz, and sugar
To break the natural course of, as rays of light orr heat, when passing from one transparent medium to another of different density; to cause to deviate from a direct course by an action distinct from reflection; as, a dense medium refrcts the rays of light as they pass into it from a rare medium
When a ray of light or a sound wave refracts or is refracted, the path it follows bends at a particular point, for example when it enters water or glass. As we age the lenses of the eyes thicken, and thus refract light differently. surfaces that cause the light to reflect and refract. + refraction re·frac·tion the refraction of the light on the dancing waves. if glass or water refracts light, the light changes direction when it passes through the glass or water (past participle of refringere , from frangere )
When light bends at an interface between two transparent materials We find many things in our everyday experience refracting light: glass, water, air, plastic The illusion of a broken leg dangling in the pool is due to the refraction of light See also index of refraction