A chemical compound (usually oxygen) that reacts with a fuel to create heat or power through chemical conversion in processes such as burning or electrochemistry search
A very qualitative term which includes any and all trace gases which have a greater oxidation potential than oxygen (for example O3, peroxyacetyl nitrate, hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, NO3, etc ) It is recommended that alternative, more definitive terms be used which define the specific oxidant of interest whenever possible (IUPAC 1997)
A material which, when added to a varnish or an oil, allows the oxidation to progress to the desired stage and then retards subsequent oxidation, thus extending the life of the film
are the byproduct of cell metabolism and occur naturally in every person at every age Oxidants sometimes overwhelm the normal supply of antioxidants An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants can affect health Oxidants are at the root of many diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease and strokes
Chemicals, which provide oxygen and accept an electron in an oxidation-reduction reaction Free chlorine and chloramines are oxidants, which are widely used for disinfection
A chemical reaction, in which oxygen reacts (binds with) with other chemical compounds in the wort or beer Oxidation is usually undesirable, as it can result in stale, cardboard-like flavors In very high gravity beers (e g Old Ales and Barleywines), some oxidation is to be expected, due to the extended aging that these beers typically undergo Low levels of oxidation may even be desirable in these styles -- in proper balance, it can lend a sherry-like character which some people find pleasing
A chemical process in which electrons are removed from an atom, ion or compound The addition of oxygen is a specific form of oxidation Combustion is an extremely rapid form of oxidation, while the rusting of iron is a slow form Oxidation never occurs alone but always as a part of the oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction
a reaction in which there is an increase in valence resulting from a loss of electrons; often associated with the corrosion of metals, where the corroded metal forms an oxide; elevated temperatures increase the rate of oxidation
Reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen provided by an oxidizer or oxidizing agent An oxidation reaction is always accompanied by an offsetting reduction reaction in which (1) oxygen is removed from a compound; or (2) atoms, molecules, or ions gain electrons
oxidation is the addition of oxygen, removal of hydrogen, or the removal of electrons from an element or compound In the environment, organic matter is oxidized to more stable substances The opposite of reduction
Usually refers to a chemical reaction in which an element combines with oxygen (usually in air or water) For instance, rusting is an oxidation reaction: iron oxidizes, that is it combines with oxygen, to form iron-oxides
This is a form of chemical weathering that destroys meteorites, especially irons It is a chemical reaction in which oxygen in the environment combines chemically with a substance and electrons are lost It is this process that causes iron to rust - the oxygen combines with the metallic iron to form iron oxides
The chemical action of electron removal from one atom or molecule by another atom or molecule This action is often cited as the cause of image fading in black-and-white photographs Removal of an electron from an atom of metallic silver converts that silver to an ionic, and invisible, form Oxidation is also implicated in the degradation of color images and papers
A chemical reaction resulting from exposure to oxygen This can cause certain metal-based pigments (notably silver and white, yellow, or red lead) to fade and/or turn a silver-black and to bleed A coating of glair (see binding medium) is thought to reduce such tendencies in certain cases, but theconditions in which a manuscript is stored and the length of exposure to adverse atmospheric conditions seem to determine the extent of oxidation
A common form of chemical reaction which is the combining of oxygen with various elements and compounds The corrosion of metals is a form of oxidation, rust on iron for example is iron oxide
Loss of one or more electrons by an atom, molecule, or ion Oxidation is accompanied by an increase in oxidation number on the atoms, molecules, or ions that lose electrons
(1) A chemical reaction that involves combination with oxygen or the loss of electrons (2) The process of increasing the positive valence or of decreasing the negative valence of an element or ion (3) The process by which electrons are removed from atoms or ions, also, reduction (4) (Water Quality) The addition of oxygen that breaks down organic waste or chemicals such as cyanides, phenols, and organic sulfur compounds in sewage by bacterial and chemical means
the loss of electrons from electron-rich chemical bonds during a chemical reaction This is an important process in energy transfer at the molecular level; for example, the oxidation of carbon compounds in living tissues during respiration provides energy that is used by living organisms
The addition of oxygen to a compound Exposure to atmosphere sometimes results in oxidation of the exposed surface, hence a staining or discoloration This effect is increased with temperature increase A reaction in which there is an increase in valence resulting from a loss of electrons Chemical combination with oxygen to form an oxide
The chemical process of oxygen combining with an element or compound (e g the oxidation of iron to form rust) Oxidation is part of the process by which many organisms derive energy from their food: sugars are oxidized in the body to produce energy, water and carbon dioxide
Process by which an oxide (here, silicon dioxide, SiO2, or glass) is grown Basically, oxygen creates a bond to atoms in a material Raw silicon, due to its physical properties, grows a native oxide instantly upon exposure to air This native oxide, as it is referred to, is approximately 5-50 Angstroms (5-50x10-9 meters or 5-50 billionths of a meter) in thickness Our oxidation process, with use of an oven that basically steams (much like you steam a lobster or vegetables) that device, enables a high quality oxide to grow on the surface The right combination of water, oxygen, pressure, and temperature make this happen A number of other things oxidize, besides silicon For example, iron produces an oxide upon exposure to air--something we commonly refer to as rust
Oxidation is the combination of a substance with oxygen Oxidation can also describe a type of reaction in which the atoms in an element lose electrons and the valence is correspondingly increased
in a broad sense oxidation is the increase in positive valence of any element in a substance On the basis of the electron theory, oxidation is a process in which an element losses electrons In a narrow sense, oxidation means the chemical addition of oxygen to a substance
Loss of an ELECTRON by an ATOM or MOLECULE Oxidation (loss of an electron) and REDUCTION (gain of an electron) take place simultaneously, because an electron that is lost by one atom is accepted by another Oxidation-reduction reactions are an important means of energy transfer within living systems The earth's surface is dominated by the electron-accepting desire of O2, oxygen gas (comprising 21% of the air), and the earth's core is dominated by the electron-donating desire of iron metal (Fe)