A soft fine white clay quartzone of the commonest minerals of the Earth's crust), being pure silica or silicon dioxide It can occur in a crystal form, or as fine grain coloured nodules Particularly resistant to chemical and mechanical weathering, it is a common component of sedimentary rocks (forming the bulk of sandstone) and of river and beach deposits Its hardness is a useful diagnostic feature: it cannot be scratched by a steel penknife and will itself scratch a piece of window glass
a fine usually white clay formed by the weathering of aluminous minerals (as feldspar); used in ceramics and as an absorbent and as a filler (e g , in paper)
is probably the most common and valuable of the residual clays It is pure clay, also known as china clay (It was originally found in Kaoling, Kiangsi province, China Sedimentary kaolins found in Florida are more plastic than the residual types found in the Carolinas and Georgia ) It's chemical makeup is (Al2O3 2SiO2 2H2O) It has the disadvantage of not being very plastic, a factor which is of less importance in mechanically formed industrial ware than in hand pieces Kaolin fires white in color and is used to form high-fire and porcelain bodies
A subgroup name of aluminum silicates with a 1: 1 layer structure Kaolinite is the most common clay mineral in the subgroup Also, a soft, usually white, rock composed largely of kaolinite See also Appendix I, Table A3
> This is the name given to white-firing China clay used for making porcelain The name derives from that of the Gaoling hills, from where the China clay used at the Jingdezhen kilns was obtained
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