born May 4, 1796, Franklin, Mass., U.S. died Aug. 2, 1859, Yellow Springs, Ohio U.S. educator, the first great American advocate of public education. Raised in poverty, Mann educated himself at the Franklin, Mass., town library and gained admission to Brown University. He later studied law and was elected to the state legislature. As state secretary of education he vigorously espoused educational reform, arguing that in a democratic society education should be free and universal, nonsectarian, and reliant on well-trained, professional teachers. In his later years he served in the U.S. Congress (1848-53) and as first president of Antioch College, (1853-59) and he worked resolutely to end slavery
{i} familty name; Heinrich Mann (1871-1950), German-born American novelist and playwright, older brother of Thomas Mann, author of well known novel "Professor Unrat"; Thomas Mann (1875-1955), German-born American novelist and critic, author of "The Magic Mountain", winner of the 1929 Nobel Prize for literature
American educator who as the first secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education (1837-1848) introduced reforms and regulations that greatly influenced American public education. German writer whose fascination with the artist's role in society and concern for the intellectual and spiritual well-being of Germany permeate his works, including Death in Venice (1912) and The Magic Mountain (1924). He won the 1929 Nobel Prize for literature. Gell Mann Murray Mann Horace Mann Thomas
born Sept. 15, 1929, New York, N.Y., U.S. U.S. physicist. He entered Yale University at 15 and earned his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1951. From 1955 he taught at the California Institute of Technology, becoming Millikan professor of theoretical physics in 1967. In 1953 he introduced the concept of "strangeness," a quantum property that accounted for decay patterns of certain mesons. In 1961 he and Yuval Ne'eman (b. 1925) proposed a scheme (the "Eightfold Way") that grouped mesons and baryons into multiplets of 1, 8, 10, or 27 members on the basis of various properties. He speculated that it was possible to explain certain properties of known particles in terms of even more fundamental particles, or building blocks, which he later called quarks. He was awarded a 1969 Nobel Prize
a German writer whose books include Death in Venice, The Magic Mountain, and Doctor Faustus. He won the Nobel prize for Literature in 1929 (1875-1955). born June 6, 1875, Lübeck, Ger. died Aug. 12, 1955, near Zürich, Switz. German novelist and essayist, considered the greatest German novelist of the 20th century. After a brief period of office work, Mann devoted himself to writing, as had his elder brother Heinrich (1871-1950). Buddenbrooks (1901), his first novel, was an elegy for old bourgeois virtues. In the novella Death in Venice (1912), a sombre masterpiece, he took up the tragic dilemma of the artist in a collapsing society. Though ardently patriotic at the start of World War I, after 1919 he slowly revised his views of the authoritarian German state. His great novel The Magic Mountain (1924) clarified his growing espousal of Enlightenment principles as one strand of a complex and multifaceted whole. An outspoken opponent of Nazism, he fled to Switzerland on Adolf Hitler's accession; he settled in the U.S. in 1938 but returned to Switzerland in 1952. His tetralogy Joseph and His Brothers (1933-43) concerns the biblical Joseph. Doctor Faustus (1947), his most directly political novel, analyzes the darker aspects of the German soul. The often hilarious Felix Krull, Confidence Man (1954) remained unfinished. He is noted for his finely wrought style enriched by humour, irony, and parody and for his subtle, many-layered narratives of vast intellectual scope. His essays examined such figures as Leo Tolstoy, Sigmund Freud, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Friedrich Nietzsche, Anton Chekhov, and Friedrich Schiller. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1929
German writer concerned about the role of the artist in bourgeois society (1875-1955) United States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education (1796-1859)