City (pop., 2002: 317,651), western Romania. Located near the Timi River, it was first settled in Neolithic and Roman times. It was sacked by the Tatars in the 13th century. Its citadel was rebuilt in the 14th century and for a few years became the residence of Charles I of Hungary. The Turks held the town from 1552 until the Austrians took it in 1716. Occupied by Serbia in 1919, Timi oara was allotted to Romania by the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. Antigovernment demonstrations there in 1989 led to the execution of Pres. Nicolae Ceau escu and the end of communist rule in Romania. It is a manufacturing, commercial, and cultural centre