The presence of a consistent concentration of ions in the effluent of an ion exchange system due to incomplete removal of the ions; caused by incomplete regeneration, excessive flow rates, low temperatures, the concentration or characteristics of the influent ions, or other factors (See hardness leakage )
is a concept often used by policymakers in reference to the problem that emissions abatement achieved in one location may be offset by increased emissions in unregulated locations Such leakage can arise, for example, in the short term as emissions abaters reduce energy demand or timber supply, influencing world prices for these commodities and increasing the quantity emitted elsewhere; and it can arise in the longer term, for example, as industries relocate to avoid controls
an undesired electric current path from signal wires to ground or other destination Leakage can introduce significant errors with high impedance sensors
A leakage is an amount of liquid or gas that is escaping from a pipe or container by means of a crack, hole, or other fault. A leakage of kerosene has polluted water supplies It should be possible to reduce leakage from pipes
Leakage is the indirect effect of emission reduction policies or activities that lead to a rise in emissions elsewhere (e g fossil fuel substitution leads to a decline in fuel prices and a rise in fuel use elsewhere) For land use change and forestry activities, leakage can be defined as the unexpected loss of estimated net carbon sequestered Specific to CDM/AIJ/JI projects in both forestry and energy sectors, leakage can be a result of unexpected effects including unforeseen circumstances, improperly defined baseline, improperly defined project lifetime or project boundaries, and inappropriate project design
In DSAs, a result of finite time record length that results in smearing of frequency components Its effects are greatly reduced by the use of weighted window functions such as flat top and Hanning