The study of complex phenomena in natural systems Basic themes include the dynamics, interactions, emergence, adaptation, learning, and evolution of a system
The level of intricacy in the logic of the solution or problem or the degree of difficulty and amount of time to implement a particular design or piece of software
the degree to which the structure and behavior of an organization, application, or component is difficult to understand and verify due to its large size, the large number of relationships between its components, and the large amount of interactions required by its collaborating components to provide its capabilities
We can say there are two kinds of complexity Detail Complexity is when there are many variables Dynamic Complexity is situations where cause and effect are subtle, and where the effects over time of interventions are not obvious
any of various measures of the difficulty of a given decision problem, computational method, or algorithm; for example, the total number of bits, flops, or operations used may be regarded as approximately a function of the size of the problem, or the amount of work involved in its solution
A measure of computer time or space to solve a problem by an algorithm as a function of the problem's dimensions Suppose T(n) is the time it takes to solve an instance of the problem with dimension n Then, the algorithm has (worst-case) time complexity K(n), if the greatest time it could take to solve an instance of the problem is O(K(n)) When K(n) is a polynomial, we say the algorithm has polynomial time complexity The Klee-Minty polytope shows that the elementary simplex method does not have polynomial time complexity
Complexity is the state of having many different parts connected or related to each other in a complicated way. a diplomatic tangle of great complexity. the increasing complexity of modern weapon systems. simplicity
The interaction of many parts, giving rise to difficulties in linear or reductionist analysis due to the nonlinearity of circular causation and feedback effects
Complexity describes flavor that shifts among pleasurable possibilities; a harmonious multiplicity of sensation The Yemen Mocha definitely should be complex; if the Sumatran is a good one it should also be complex; the Mexican is undoubtedly the least complex coffee of the three
A set of structure-based metrics that measure the attribute of the degree to which a system or component has a design er implementation that is difficult to understand and verify IEEE96