a town in Cheshire in northwest England, where the local government for that county is based. It has many historical buildings, and there is a wall around the old part of the town. ancient Deva or Devana Castra City and administrative district (pop., 2001: 118,207), seat of Cheshire county, England. Located on the River Dee south of Liverpool, it is an active port and railroad centre. For several centuries after AD 60, Chester was the Roman "camp on the Dee," headquarters of the 20th Legion; well-preserved Roman walls remain. It was the last place in England to surrender to William the Conqueror (1070). It became an important port in the 13th-14th centuries, trading especially with Ireland. From about the 14th century, it was the scene of the presentation of the mystery plays of the Chester cycle. The gradual silting of the Dee led to the city's decline, but in the 19th century railroad traffic renewed Chester's prosperity. Arthur Chester Alan Chester Burton Atkins Bowles Chester Bliss French Daniel Chester Gould Chester Nimitz Chester William Edward Chester Babcock
a city of southeastern Pennsylvania on the Delaware river (an industrial suburb of Philadelphia)
born Oct. 5, 1829, North Fairfield, Vt., U.S. died Nov. 18, 1886, New York, N.Y 21st president of the U.S. (1881-85). He practiced law in New York City from 1854, later becoming a close associate of Sen. Roscoe Conkling, the Republican boss of New York. With Conkling's backing, he was appointed customs collector for the port of New York (1871-78), an office long known for its use of the spoils system. He conducted the business of the office with integrity but continued to pad its payroll with Conkling loyalists. At the Republican national convention in 1880, Arthur was the compromise choice for vice president on a ticket with James Garfield; he became president on Garfield's assassination. As president, Arthur displayed unexpected independence by vetoing measures that rewarded political patronage. He also signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act, which created a civil-service system based on merit. He and his navy secretary recommended appropriations that later helped transform the U.S. Navy into one of the world's great fleets. He failed to win his party's nomination for a second term
a US politician who was a member of the Republican Party and was President of the US from 1881 until 1885 (1829-86). born Oct. 5, 1829, North Fairfield, Vt., U.S. died Nov. 18, 1886, New York, N.Y 21st president of the U.S. (1881-85). He practiced law in New York City from 1854, later becoming a close associate of Sen. Roscoe Conkling, the Republican boss of New York. With Conkling's backing, he was appointed customs collector for the port of New York (1871-78), an office long known for its use of the spoils system. He conducted the business of the office with integrity but continued to pad its payroll with Conkling loyalists. At the Republican national convention in 1880, Arthur was the compromise choice for vice president on a ticket with James Garfield; he became president on Garfield's assassination. As president, Arthur displayed unexpected independence by vetoing measures that rewarded political patronage. He also signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act, which created a civil-service system based on merit. He and his navy secretary recommended appropriations that later helped transform the U.S. Navy into one of the world's great fleets. He failed to win his party's nomination for a second term
born April 5, 1901, Springfield, Mass., U.S. died May 25, 1986, Sussex, Conn. U.S. advertising executive and diplomat. A graduate of Yale University, he and William Benton established the Benton and Bowles advertising company (1929), which became one of the largest in the world. After selling his interest in 1941, Bowles served as director of the Federal Price Administration (1943-46). Elected governor of Connecticut in 1948, he was defeated in 1950 because of his liberal stand on civil rights. He was ambassador to India (1951-53), served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1953-61), and returned to India as ambassador (1963-69)
born April 5, 1901, Springfield, Mass., U.S. died May 25, 1986, Sussex, Conn. U.S. advertising executive and diplomat. A graduate of Yale University, he and William Benton established the Benton and Bowles advertising company (1929), which became one of the largest in the world. After selling his interest in 1941, Bowles served as director of the Federal Price Administration (1943-46). Elected governor of Connecticut in 1948, he was defeated in 1950 because of his liberal stand on civil rights. He was ambassador to India (1951-53), served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1953-61), and returned to India as ambassador (1963-69)
born Nov. 20, 1900, Pawnee, Okla., U.S. died May 11, 1985, Woodstock, Ill. U.S. cartoonist. He studied cartooning through a correspondence school. His "Dick Tracy" action comic strip, first distributed in 1931 by the Chicago Tribune-New York News Syndicate, became the first popular cops-and-robbers series. Drawn with hard outlines and accurate in the details of crime and criminal investigation, the widely syndicated strip featured a clean-cut detective with a jutting jaw, whose methods made him the nemesis of a gallery of grotesquely caricatured criminals. Gould retired from the strip in 1977
born Feb. 24, 1885, Fredericksburg, Texas, U.S. died Feb. 20, 1966, near San Francisco, Calif. U.S. naval officer. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1905 and served in World War I with the U.S. Atlantic submarine force. He rose to become chief of the navy's bureau of navigation in 1939. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, he was made commander in chief of the U.S. Pacific fleet, which won the battles of Midway and the Coral Sea (1942). In succeeding years, the historic battles of the Solomon Islands (1942-43), the Gilbert Islands (1943), and Iwo Jima and Okinawa (1945) were fought under his direction. The Japanese surrender was signed aboard his flagship, the USS Missouri. From 1945 to 1947 he served as chief of naval operations
born Feb. 24, 1885, Fredericksburg, Texas, U.S. died Feb. 20, 1966, near San Francisco, Calif. U.S. naval officer. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1905 and served in World War I with the U.S. Atlantic submarine force. He rose to become chief of the navy's bureau of navigation in 1939. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, he was made commander in chief of the U.S. Pacific fleet, which won the battles of Midway and the Coral Sea (1942). In succeeding years, the historic battles of the Solomon Islands (1942-43), the Gilbert Islands (1943), and Iwo Jima and Okinawa (1945) were fought under his direction. The Japanese surrender was signed aboard his flagship, the USS Missouri. From 1945 to 1947 he served as chief of naval operations
a county in northwest England, between Liverpool and North Wales. Administrative (pop., 2001: 673,777), geographic, and historic county, western England. Established in 1974, it includes most of the former county that was Cheshire except for parts now in Merseyside and Greater Manchester; the county seat is Chester. Cheshire borders Wales, fronts the Dee and Mersey estuaries to the north, and lies partly within Peak District National Park. Evidence of hill forts from the Bronze and Iron ages have been found, as well as ruins of structures from the Roman occupation. The county is largely agricultural, with dairy farming predominant
born April 20, 1850, Exeter, N.H., U.S. died Oct. 7, 1931, Stockbridge, Mass. U.S. sculptor. He produced his first important commission for the town of Concord, Mass. the famous statue The Minute Man (1874). He was the leading turn-of-the-century American sculptor, with studios in Boston, Concord, Washington, D.C., and New York City. His best-known work, the seated marble figure of Abraham Lincoln in the Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C., was dedicated in 1922. His other notable public monuments include the equestrian statues of Ulysses S. Grant in Philadelphia (1898) and George Washington in Paris (1900) and sculptures representing Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, in front of the New York City customhouse (1907)