waste

Englisch - Türkisch

Definition von waste im Englisch Türkisch wörterbuch

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israf etmek

Tom tartışarak zaman israf etmek istemediğini söyledi. - Tom said he didn't want to waste time arguing.

Zamanımı israf etmekten nefret ederim. - I hate to waste my time.

wasteful

savurgan

Savurgan harcamayı kesmemiz gerekiyor. - We need to cut wasteful spending.

Vergi mükellefleri savurgan hükümet harcamaları hakkında öfkeli. - Taxpayers are angry about wasteful government spending.

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israf

Zamanını israf etmemelisin. - You should not waste your time.

Tom toplantının zaman israfı olduğunu düşündü. - Tom thought the meeting was a waste of time.

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atık

Bu nehir, fabrika atıkları ile kirlenmiş. - This river is polluted with factory waste.

Bir başka ilginç enerji kaynağı radyoaktif atık malzemeden elde edilen ısıdır. - Another interesting source of energy is the heat that can be recovered from radioactive waste material.

wasteful

müsrif

wastespan>

{f} boşa harcamak

Burada suyu boşa harcamak yasal değildir. - It's illegal to waste water here.

Zamanımı boşa harcamak istemedim. - I didn't want to waste my time.

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{i} sarfiyat

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çöp

Ülkede her gün tonlarca çöp üretilir. - Tons of waste are produced every day in the country.

Çöp sepetinde garip, kötü kokulu kahverengi bir sıvı vardı. - There was a strange, foul-smelling brown liquid in the waste basket.

wasteful

{s} zarar veren

wasteful

{s} savurgan, tutumsuz; boşuna ziyan eden, ziyankâr

{i} tutumsuzluk

(İnşaat) engin

Zamanını ve paranı ziyan etme. - Don't waste your time and money.

Hayatınızı anlamsız şeylerle ziyan etmeyin. - Don't waste your life on meaningless things.

boş ve işlenmemiş arazi

wastespan>

har vurup harman savurmak

(Ticaret) kayıp

Fabrika atıkları bazen nehirlerimizi kirletir. - Factory waste sometimes pollutes our rivers.

Tüketim toplumu ev atıklarındaki devamlı bir artışa katkı sağlıyor. - The consumerist society contributes to a continuous increase in the amount of household waste.

Zamanını ve paranı ziyan etme. - Don't waste your time and money.

Hayatınızı anlamsız şeylerle ziyan etmeyin. - Don't waste your life on meaningless things.

(Ticaret) kırpıntı

Kahkaha olmayan bir gün, boşa harcanmış bir gündür. - A day without laughter is a day wasted.

Güneşe göre bir evin yönünü değiştirerek evi ısıtmak ya da soğutmak için gerekli ya da boşa harcanmış enerjinin yüzde otuzunu tasarruf edebilirsiniz. - By simply changing the orientation of a house in relation to the sun, you can save up to thirty percent of the energy required or wasted for heating or cooling it.

Artık birbirimizin zamanını boşa harcamayalım. - Let's not waste any more of each other's time.

Artık daha fazla zaman harcamayı göze alamam. - I can't afford to waste any more time.

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boş

Genç insanlar, boşa zaman harcamaya eğilimlidir. - Young people are apt to waste time.

Bu şekilde, çok fazla zamanı boşa harcarız. - In this way, we waste a lot of time.

{f} boşa harca

Zamanını ve paranı boşa harcama. - Don't waste your time and money.

Bu şekilde, çok fazla zamanı boşa harcarız. - In this way, we waste a lot of time.

wastespan>

çorak

wasted

{f} boşa harca

McClellan zamanı boşa harcamadı. - McClellan wasted no time.

Parasını boşa harcadığına üzülüyor. - He regrets his having wasted his money.

wasting

{i} boşa harcama

Zamanını boşa harcamadığını gördüğüme memnun oldum. - I'm glad to see you haven't been wasting your time.

Zamanımızı boşa harcamasan iyi olur. - You'd better not be wasting our time.

wasting

{f} boşa harca

Zamanı boşa harcamayı bırakalım ve bu işe devam edelim. - Let's stop wasting time and get on with this work.

Tom Mary'ye zamanını boşa harcadığını söyledi. - Tom told Mary that she was wasting her time.

{f} israf et

Tom fazla zaman israf etmedi. - Tom didn't waste much time.

Zamanını israf etmemelisin. - You should not waste your time.

wastespan> s

kaybı

wasted

(deyim) 1. Uyuşturucu madde etkisi altında 2. Kötü şekilde yaralanmış*

Neden Tom'la birlikte zamanını israf ediyorsun? - Why are you wasting your time with Tom?

Tom bana onun zamanını israf ettiğimi söyledi. - Tom told me I was wasting his time.

{f} aşınmak

{s} boşa harcanan

{i} değer kaybı

{i} ekilmemiş toprak

wastespan>

çarçur

Bütün parasını kıyafetlerde çarçur eder. - She wastes all her money on clothing.

Tüm parasını kıyafetlere çarçur ediyor. - She wastes all of her money on clothes.

wastespan>

{i} boşa harcama

Zamanını ve paranı boşa harcama. - Don't waste your time and money.

Zamanı boşa harcamamak için acele edelim. - Let's hurry so as not to waste time.

{f} harap etmek

{s} kullanılmış, atılacak (kâğıt)

wastespan>

{f} aşırı zayıflamak

wastespan>

{f} heba etmek

wastespan>

{s} sıkıcı

O, akşamı sıkıcı ve ilgi çekmeyen, kısaca, bir zaman kaybı buldu. - She found the evening boring and uninteresting, in short, a waste of time.

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heder

Tom tamamen heder olmuş. - Tom was totally wasted.

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{f} öldürmek [amer.]

wastespan>

metruk arazi

wastespan>

{i} 1. ziyan etme, heder etme; ziyan, heder

{s} kasvetli

{s} ıssız

{s} viran, harap

{f} tüketmek

atık,v.israf et: n.atık

{f} boşa geçirmek

{s} kullanılmış

{f} tükenmek

{s} ekilmemiş

{f} harcamak

Burada suyu boşa harcamak yasal değildir. - It's illegal to waste water here.

Ömrümün en iyi yıllarını senin için harcamak istemiyorum.. - I do not want to waste the best years of my life for you.

wastespan>

yeterinden fazla

wastespan>

(Tekstil) artık, döküntü, telef

{s} (hastalıktan/açlıktan) eriyip bitmiş

wasted

boşa harca

wasted

{s} ziyan edilmiş, heba olmuş, boşa gitmiş; israf edilmiş, çarçur edilmiş

wastefully israf ederek

{i} savurganlık

{i} israf

{i} müsriflik

{s} mahveden

(Tıp) Cılızlık, zayıflık, hareketlerde isteksizlik

Englisch - Englisch

Definition von waste im Englisch Englisch wörterbuch
wastespan>: Gradually lose weight or weaken
wastespan>: A cause of action which may be brought by the owner of a future interest in property against the current owner of that property to prevent the current owner from degrading the value or character of the property, either intentionally or through neglect
wastespan>: Use up, diminish, reduce by gradual loss; decay; emaciate
After he lost hope, he wasted away.
wastespan>: Excrement (animal waste, human waste)
wastespan>: Barren; desert
wastespan>: To devastate or destroy
wastespan>: A place that has been laid waste or destroyed
wastespan>: Rejected as being defective; eliminated as being worthless; produced in excess
wastespan>: Large abundance of something, especially without it being used
wastespan>: Uncultivated, uninhabited
So whan Sir Galahad was departed frome the Castell of Maydyns he rode tyll he com to a waste forest .
wastespan>: Excess of material, useless by-products or damaged, unsaleable products; garbage; rubbish
wastespan>: Squander money or resources uselessly; spend time idly
We wasted millions of dollars and several years on that project.
wastespan>: A waste land; an uninhabited desolate region; a wilderness
wastespan>: Destruction or devastation caused by war or natural disasters; See "to lay waste"
wastespan>: A decaying of the body by disease; wasting away
wastespan>: A vast expanse of water
wasted: Simple past tense and past participle of waste
wasted: Not profitably used
wasted: very drunk or stoned
wasted: Ravaged or deteriorated
wasting: Referring to something that cause a waste, particularly a wasting disease which causes pronounced loss of body mass
a wastespan>: {n} harass
wast: {v} second person singular
wastespan>: {v} to spend, diminish, destroy, dwindle
wastespan>: {n} desolate ground, a wanton destruction
wastespan>: {a} desolate, wild, uncultivated, ruinated
wasteful: {a} lavish, destructive, unoccupied
wastefully: {a} lavishly, prodigally, dissolutely
wastefulness: {n} prodigality, a needless expense
wasted: (deyim) 1. Drugged, natural high, stoned2. Badly injured, bruised, beat up
To wastespan>: squander
wast: (Archaic) was, second person singular past tense of the verb "be
wast: The second person singular of the verb be, in the indicative mood, imperfect tense; now used only in solemn or poetical style
wast: A second person singular past tense of be. thou wast you were (was)
wast: Second-person singular simple past tense indicative of be
wastespan>: A difficult-to-determine number, waste refers to the point at which it's no longer economically sound for a marketer to continue targeting a message at you For example, if an advertiser is looking for direct response and you've seen or heard their ad 40 times without buying, they might want to consider spending their money on a different customer Waste can also refer to extravagant media expenditures, like buying every ad on "Friends" for a month
wastespan>: the volume of timber left on the harvested area that should have been removed in accordance with the minimum utilization standards in the cutting authority It forms part of the allowable annual cut for cut-control purposes
wastespan>: Anything that is discarded, useless or unwanted; opposite of conserve, as in "to waste "
wastespan>: get rid of (someone who may be a threat) by killing; "The mafia liquidated the informer"; "the double agent was neutralized"
wastespan>: Unwanted materials remaining from manufacturing processes, or refuse from humans and animals
wastespan>: disposed of as useless; "waste paper"
wastespan>: Rock which is not ore Usually referred to that rock which has to be removed during the normal course of mining in order to get at the ore
wastespan>: get rid of; "We waste the dirty water by channeling it into the sewer"
wastespan>: Unfortunate; Disappointing
wastespan>: any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted; "they collect the waste once a week"; "much of the waste material is carried off in the sewers"
wastespan>: To damage, impair, or injure, as an estate, voluntarily, or by suffering the buildings, fences, etc
wastespan>: To wear away by degrees; to impair gradually; to diminish by constant loss; to use up; to consume; to spend; to wear out
wastespan>: The abuse, destruction or permanent change to property by one who is merely in possesion of it as in the case of a tenant or a life tenant
wastespan>: Any activity which utilizes equipment, materials, parts, space, employee time or other corporate resource beyond the minimum amount required for value-added operations to insure manufacturability These activities could include waiting, accumulating semi-processed parts, reloading, passing materials from one hand to the other and other non-productive processes The seven basic categories of waste which a business should strive to eliminate: overproduction, waiting for machines, transportation time, process time, excess inventory, excess motion and defects
wastespan>: If you waste something such as time, money, or energy, you use too much of it doing something that is not important or necessary, or is unlikely to succeed. There could be many reasons and he was not going to waste time speculating on them I resolved not to waste money on a hotel The system wastes a large amount of water. Waste is also a noun. It is a waste of time going to the doctor with most mild complaints I think that is a total waste of money
wastespan>: {s} useless, leftover, unused; pertaining to rubbish; pertaining to animal waste; desolate, barren; desert; destroyed
wastespan>: A waste land; an unhabited desolate region; a wilderness
wastespan>: 1 Unwanted materials left over from a manufacturing process 2 Refuse from places of human or animal habitation
wastespan>: The medieval application of the term is much like its modern connotations, but it was used in a legal sense referring to land that was unoccupied, undeveloped or uncultivated As a result the land could not be the source of any tax or other revenue to its owner Borough governments were keen to obtain control (from the lord of the town) over wasteland within the town boundaries, since they could then a lease out plots of land The term was similarly applied to property that had been allowed to deteriorate, or had even been purposely damaged, so that its value (whether in terms of selling price or rentability) decreased
wastespan>: If something goes to waste, it remains unused or has to be thrown away. Mexican cookery is economical, she says. Nothing goes to waste
wastespan>: spend thoughtlessly; throw away; "He wasted his inheritance on his insincere friends"; "You squandered the opportunity to get and advanced degree
wastespan>: If you waste an opportunity for something, you do not take advantage of it when it is available. Let's not waste an opportunity to see the children It was a wasted opportunity
wastespan>: Spoil, destruction, or injury, done to houses, woods, fences, lands, etc
wastespan>: An output with no marketable value that is discharged to the environment Normally the term "waste" refers to solid or liquid materials
wastespan>: Destruction or devastation caused by war or natural disasters
wastespan>: useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly; "if the effort brings no compensating gain it is a waste"; "mindless dissipation of natural resources"
wastespan>: That which is wasted or desolate; a devastated, uncultivated, or wild country; a deserted region; an unoccupied or unemployed space; a dreary void; a desert; a wilderness
wastespan>: High-level waste (HLW) is highly radioactive material arising from nuclear fission It is recovered from reprocessing spent fuel, though some countries regard spent fuel itself as HLW and plan to dispose of it in that form It requires very careful handling, storage and disposal
wastespan>: Waste is material which has been used and is no longer wanted, for example because the valuable or useful part of it has been taken out. Congress passed a law that regulates the disposal of waste Up to 10 million tonnes of toxic wastes are produced every year in the UK. the process of eliminating body waste
wastespan>: Material derived by mechanical and chemical erosion from the land, carried by streams to the sea
wastespan>: Gradual loss or decay
wastespan>: The action or progress of wasting; extravagant consumption or ineffectual use
wastespan>: (law) reduction in the value of an estate caused by act or neglect
wastespan>: A disused mine or part of one
wastespan>: act of squandering, as in: For the sake of our budget, we must cut down on waste in this office
wastespan>: A large tract of uncultivated land
wastespan>: use inefficiently or inappropriately; "waste heat"; "waste a joke on an unappreciative audience"
wastespan>: The act of wasting, or the state of being wasted; a squandering; needless destruction; useless consumption or expenditure; devastation; loss without equivalent gain; gradual loss or decrease, by use, wear, or decay; as, a waste of property, time, labor, words, etc
wastespan>: to go to decay
wastespan>: spend thoughtlessly; throw away; "He wasted his inheritance on his insincere friends"; "You squandered the opportunity to get and advanced degree"
wastespan>: To procure or sustain a reduction of flesh; said of a jockey in preparation for a race, etc
wastespan>: to waste no time: see time
wastespan>: An improper use or an abuse of a property by a possessor who holds less than fee ownership, such as a tenant, life tenant, mortgagor or vendee Such waste ordinarily impairs the value of the land or the interest of the person holding the title or the reversionary rights
wastespan>: Superfluous; needless
wastespan>: Specifically: Remnants of cops, or other refuse resulting from the working of cotton, wool, hemp, and the like, used for wiping machinery, absorbing oil in the axle boxes of railway cars, etc
wastespan>: Devastate or destroy
wastespan>: lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief; "After her husband died, she just pined away"
wastespan>: an uninhabited wilderness that is worthless for cultivation; "the barrens of central Africa"; "the trackless wastes of the desert"
wastespan>: Waste is the use of money or other resources on things that do not need it. The packets are measured to reduce waste I hate waste
wastespan>: unwanted materials left over from manufacturing or converting processes
wastespan>: To spend unnecessarily or carelessly; to employ prodigally; to expend without valuable result; to apply to useless purposes; to lavish vainly; to squander; to cause to be lost; to destroy by scattering or injury
wastespan>: {f} squander, misspend, misemploy; throw away; destroy, spoil; weaken, impoverish; consume; dwindle away; wither; murder (Slang)
wastespan>: devastate or ravage; "The enemy lay waste to the countryside after the invasion"
wastespan>: waste away; "Political prisoners are wasting away in many prisons all over the world"
wastespan>: To bring to ruin; to devastate; to desolate; to destroy
wastespan>: located in a dismal or remote area; desolate; "a desert island"; "a godforsaken wilderness crossroads"; "a wild stretch of land"; "waste places"
wastespan>: The extravagant, careless, or needless expenditure of Air Force funds or the consumption of Air Force property that results from deficient practices, system controls, or decisions The term also includes improper practices not involving prosecutable fraud NOTE: Consider wartime and emergency operations when explaining possible waste Fore example, legitimate stockpiles and reserves for wartime needs, which may appear redundant and costly, are not considered waste
wastespan>: run off as waste; "The water wastes back into the ocean"
wastespan>: (1) to use, consume, or expend thoughtlessly or carelessly, use to no avail, squander; (2) a place, region, or land that is uninhabited or uncultivated, a desert or wilderness; (3) any useless or worthless by-product of a process or the like, refuse or excess material; (4) something that escapes without being used, such as steam; (5) garbage, trash; (6) regarded or discarded as worthless or useless; (7) used as a conveyance or container for refuse as in 'waste can'; (8) excreted from the body as useless
wastespan>: Allowing or causing a property to suffer damage or undue wear and tear to the detriment of another person who has an interest in or claim to the property
wastespan>: Generally, (1) unwanted materials left over from a manufacturing process, or (2) refuse from places where humans and animals live
wastespan>: Lying unused; unproductive; worthless; valueless; refuse; rejected; as, waste land; waste paper
wastespan>: The extravagant careless, or needless expenditure of Government funds, or the consumption of Government property that results from deficient practices, systems, controls, or decisions The term also includes improper practices not involving prosecutable fraud Top
wastespan>: {i} squandering, misuse, disuse; destruction, ruin, loss; desolation, wasteland; desert; refuse, rubbish, garbage; sewage
wastespan>: Lost for want of occupiers or use; superfluous
wastespan>: 1 Unwanted materials left over from a manufacturing process 2 Refuse from places of human or animal habitation Source: US EPA
wastespan>: Old or abandoned workings, whether left as vacant space or filled with refuse
wastespan>: That which is of no value; worthless remnants; refuse
wastespan>: Materials and energy which have no further use and are released to the environment as a means of disposal
wastespan>: Any activity that consumes resources and produces no added value to the product or service a customer receives
wastespan>: the trait of wasting resources; "a life characterized by thriftlessness and waste"; "the wastefulness of missed opportunities"
wastespan>: spend extravagantly; "waste not, want not"
wastespan>: A vaste expanse of water
wastespan>: by a tenant for life or for years, to the prejudice of the heir, or of him in reversion or remainder
wastespan>: (Ticaret) Any activity or process that does not add value to the goods or services required by the customer. Examples of waste include move time, counting inventory, inspection, the production of defective material, rework, etc. Waste is considered to cause increased cost, lead time and quality problems while not adding value, and may be created by vendors, personnel, equipment, incorrect process parameters and many other factors
wastespan>: Refuse or by-products that is perceived as useless, and must be consumed, left over, or thrown away
wastespan>: things left after cutting sheet layouts There are two types of waste in the Program: utilizable (waste pieces) and losses Waste pieces are saved in waste base and can be used in new projects as sheet
wastespan>: Waste land is land, especially in or near a city, which is not used or looked after by anyone, and so is covered by wild plants and rubbish. Yarrow can be found growing wild in fields and on waste ground
wastespan>: Uncultivated or unhabited; barren; desert
wastespan>: Surplus, obsolete, off-specification, contaminated or otherwise unneeded or unwanted material earmarked for disposal
wastespan>: To be diminished; to lose bulk, substance, strength, value, or the like, gradually; to be consumed; to dwindle; to grow less
wastespan>: Kill; murder
wastespan>: A decaying of the body by disease
wastespan>: Wastes are a large area of land, for example a desert, in which there are very few people, plants, or animals. the barren wastes of the Sahara. see also wasted
wastespan>: Desolate; devastated; stripped; bare; hence, dreary; dismal; gloomy; cheerless
wastespan>: (law) reduction in the value of an estate caused by act or neglect any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted; "they collect the waste once a week"; "much of the waste material is carried off in the sewers"
wastespan>: cause to grow thin or weak; "The treatment emaciated him"
wasted: made uninhabitable; "upon this blasted heath"- Shakespeare; "a wasted landscape"
wasted: Emaciated and haggard
wasted: (of an organ or body part) diminished in size or strength as a result of disease or injury or lack of use; "partial paralysis resulted in an atrophied left arm"
wasted: very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold; "emaciated bony hands"; "a nightmare population of gaunt men and skeletal boys"; "eyes were haggard and cavernous"; "small pinched faces"; "kept life in his wasted frame only by grim concentration"
wasted: A wasted action is one that is unnecessary. I'm sorry you had a wasted journey
wasted: Someone who is wasted is very tired and weak, often because of an illness. They look too wasted to care about much
wasted: Completely stoned, oot yer face, veggied, zonked, spaced, nuggeted, wrecked,etc
wasted: past of waste
wasted: In a deep drug stupor; very Stoned
wasted: killed
wasted: serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being; "otiose lines in a play"; "advice is wasted words"
wasted: not used to good advantage; "squandered money cannot be replaced"; "a wasted effort"
wasted: {s} squandered; withered; fatigued (Slang); drunk (Slang)
wasteful: tending to squander and waste
wasteful: Inclined to waste or squander money or resources
wasteful: laying waste; "when wasteful war shall statues overturn"- Shakespeare
wasteful: Expending, or tending to expend, property, or that which is valuable, in a needless or useless manner; lavish; prodigal; as, a wasteful person; a wasteful disposition
wasteful: Waste; desolate; unoccupied; untilled
wasteful: Action that is wasteful uses too much of something valuable such as time, money, or energy. This kind of training is ineffective, and wasteful of scarce resources Try to avoid wasteful duplication of effort. using more of something than you should, especially money, time, or effort
wasteful: Full of waste; destructive to property; ruinous; as, wasteful practices or negligence; wasteful expenses
wasteful: laying waste; "when wasteful war shall statues overturn"- Shakespeare tending to squander and waste
wasteful: inefficient in use of time and effort and materials; "a clumsy and wasteful process"; "wasteful duplication of effort"; "uneconomical ebb and flow of power"
wasteful: {s} using more than is required; extravagant
wastefully: to a wasteful manner or to a wasteful degree; "we are still prodigally rich compared to others
wastefully: in a manner that uses more than is required, squanderingly
wastefully: to a wasteful manner or to a wasteful degree; "we are still prodigally rich compared to others"
wastefully: in a wasteful manner
wastefulness: {i} squandering, immoderation
wastefulness: imprudent or excessive expenditure or the waste of resources
wastefulness: the trait of wasting resources; "a life characterized by thriftlessness and waste"; "the wastefulness of missed opportunities"
wastefulness: useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly; "if the effort brings no compensating gain it is a waste"; "mindless dissipation of natural resources"
wastefulness: {i} thriftlessness
wastes: third-person singular of waste
wastes: plural of waste
wasting: When a child has a very low weight compared to other children of the same height (The technical definition is two standard deviations or more below the median weight for height of the reference population ) Wasting is an indicator of short-term or acute malnutrition
wasting: Causing waste; also, undergoing waste; diminishing; as, a wasting disease; a wasting fortune
wasting: A term depicting how an option's value decreases over time; as each day after acquisition passes a portion of the option's time value is lost or wasted
wasting: {s} destroying, damaging; weakening, draining, exhausting; thinning
wasting: present participle of waste
wasting: any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease
wasting: removing unwanted wood so as to approach the surface form or outline of a subject See levelling
wasting: A wasting disease is one which makes you gradually become thinner and weaker
wasting: a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse
wasting: Removal of excess bacteria that would cause settling problems If the bacteria produced throughout the day were not removed, they would build up to a point that the sludge could not settle and the effluent quality would be poor
wasting: Loss of strength and weight

waste

Synonyme

decay, desolation, destruction, devastation, dilapidation, dissipation, disuse, exhaustion, expenditure, extravagance, fritter, havoc, improvidence, lavishness, loss

Antonyme

hoarding, saving, development, possessions, hoard, save, build, create, preserve

Etymologie

[ 'wAst ] (noun.) 13th century. From Middle English waste (noun, “a waste”), from Old Northern French wast, waste (“a waste”), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *wastjo (“a waste”), derivative of *wastjan (“to waste”), possibly from Latin vastō (“to waste”), merging with Low Frankish *wōstin, *wōstinna (“a waste, wasteland”), from Proto-Germanic *wōstin- (“a waste, wasteland”), from Proto-Indo-European *wāsto- (“empty, wasted”). Cognate with Old High German waste (“a waste”), Old High German wuostī (German Wüste, “a waste”), Old High German wuostinna (“a desert, waste”), Old English wēsten (“a waste, wasteland”).