Renal describes things that concern or are related to the kidneys. He collapsed from acute renal failure. relating to the kidneys (rénal, from renes ). adj. renal failure renal calculus renal transplant renal cell carcinoma renal cyst renal system
An area located on either side of the human back between the lateral borders of the erector spinae muscles and inferior borders of the twelfth rib, so called because the kidney can be felt at this location
(Anatomi) The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. In the adult, it forms a continuous smooth outer zone with a number of projections (cortical columns) that extend down between the pyramids. It contains the renal corpuscles and the renal tubules except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla. It also contains blood vessels and cortical collecting ducts
or hypernephroma Malignant tumour of the cells that cover and line the kidney. It usually affects persons over age 50 who have vascular disorders of the kidneys. It seldom causes pain, unless it is advanced. It may metastasize to other organs (e.g., lungs, liver, brain, bone) and go unrecognized until these secondary tumours cause symptoms. Blood can appear in the urine early on but is painless and usually disregarded. Even when the cancer is in the early stages, X-ray films can show deformity in kidney structures
Any of several types of cysts in the kidneys. Some are present at birth; others are caused by tubular obstruction. Large cysts can cause backaches and a dragging sensation. Multiple cysts occur as a result of various disorders, including kidney vascular diseases, lymphatic vessel blockage, congenital diseases, and tapeworm infestation. The most serious is medullary cystic disease, which has no warning symptoms but causes anemia, low blood sodium levels, and uremia. The kidneys become shrunken, grainy, and scarred. Cysts should usually be checked surgically to rule out cancer. See also urogenital malformation
—Decline in kidney function over time; caused by a number of disorders which include longstanding hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, lupus, or sickle cell anemia