Ancient region, southern Anatolia. Situated north of the Taurus Mountains in present-day Turkey, in ancient times it was bounded by the regions of Caria and Pamphylia. It was ruled by Alexander the Great, the Seleucids, the Attalids, and, finally, the Romans. Under Rome it was attached to Galatia and Cappadocia. From Seleucid times on, Iconium (modern Konya) served as its capital. It was visited by St. Paul and by the 4th century had developed an organized ecclesiastical system