الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية
تعريف zhu في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.
- Cheng Zhu school Zhu Yuanzhang Zhu Di Zhu De Zhu Rongji Zhu Shijie Zhu Xi
- Zhu De
- or Chu Teh born Dec. 1, 1886, Yilong, Sichuan province, China died July 6, 1976, Beijing Founder of the Chinese communist force that became the People's Liberation Army. Educated at Yunnan Military Academy, Zhu began his military career in the armies of warlords in southern China. He became a communist in the early 1920s but hid his affiliation to become an officer in the Nationalist army. In 1927 he took part in the communist-led Nanchang Uprising, an event celebrated annually in China as the birth of the People's Liberation Army. When the uprising was defeated, Zhu led his troops south to join Mao Zedong's small guerrilla forces. He became commander in chief of the communist forces, a position he held through World War II and the civil war with the Nationalists, not stepping down until 1954. With Mao, Zhu is credited with elevating guerrilla warfare to a major strategic concept
- Zhu Rongji
- a Chinese politician who became Prime Minister in 1998. born Oct. 1, 1928, Changsha, Hunan province, China Premier of the State Council of China (1998-2003). In the 1950s he was denounced as a rightist, and he was purged again in the 1970s, but, once his Communist Party membership was restored, he rose rapidly. In 1988 he became mayor of Shanghai and in 1991 a deputy premier of the State Council. He was governor of the People's Bank of China (1993-95) and became director of the Institute for Economic Management at Qinghua University in 1994. He was appointed premier in 1998. In the face of the Asian economic crisis at the end of the 1990s, he worked to drastically cut back the size of the government bureaucracy. Zhu, whose economic policies were widely praised, stepped down as premier in 2003 and was replaced by Wen Jiabao
- Zhu Shijie
- flourished 1300, China Chinese mathematician who stood at the pinnacle of traditional Chinese mathematics. Zhu is known for having unified the southern and northern Chinese mathematical traditions. His fame rests on two publications, Suanxue qimeng (1299; "Introduction to Mathematical Science") and Siyuan yujian (1303; "Precious Mirror of Four Elements"). The former is an introductory mathematics textbook; following the southern Chinese tradition, it presents many rules and problems in the form of verses to facilitate their memorization. It played a central role in the development of the wasan ("Japanese calculation") tradition. "Precious Mirror" corresponds to the final stage in the generalization of the northern Chinese technique of tian yuan ("method of the celestial unknown"), a kind of algebraic computation performed with counting rods to solve problems
- Zhu Xi
- or Chu Hsi born Oct. 18, 1130, Yu-hsi, Fukien province, China died April 23, 1200, China Chinese philosopher and proponent of Neo-Confucianism. The son of a minor government official, he was educated in the Confucian tradition and entered government service. Interested in history, he revised Sima Guang's famous history so that it would illustrate moral principles in government. In 1189 he began a commentary on the Daxue; he continued working on the Daxue all his life. Philosophically, his thought incorporated the ideas of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, Zhou Dunyi (1017-1073), and Zhang Zai, whose works he compiled. His commentaries on the Four Books, notably on the Lunyu (Analects) of Confucius and on Mencius (both 1177), were enormously influential. His philosophy emphasized logic, consistency, observance of classical authority, and the value of inquiry
- zhu jiangi
- a river in southeast China that flows into the South China Sea
- Cheng-Zhu school
- or Ch'eng-Chu school Chinese school of Neo-Confucianism. Its leading philosophers were Cheng Yi (see Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi) and Zhu Xi, for whom the school is named. Cheng Yi taught that to understand li (basic truths), one should investigate all things in the world through induction, deduction, historical study, or political activity. Zhu Xi maintained that rational investigation was central to moral cultivation. The school dominated Chinese philosophy until the Republican Revolution (1911)