تعريف voluntarism في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.
the political theory that a community is best organized by the voluntary cooperation of individuals, rather than by a government, which is regarded as being coercive by nature
a doctrine that assigns the most dominant position to the will rather than the intellect
a reliance on volunteers to support an institution or achieve an end; volunteerism
1. the principle or system of doing something by or relying on voluntary action or volunteers 2. a theory that conceives will to be the dominant factor in experience or in the world
Any theory which conceives will to be the dominant factor in experience or in the constitution of the world; contrasted with intellectualism
Metaphysical or psychological system that assigns a more predominant role to the will (Latin, voluntas) than to the intellect. Christian philosophers who have been described as voluntarist include St. Augustine, John Duns Scotus, and Blaise Pascal. A metaphysical voluntarism was propounded in the 19th century by Arthur Schopenhauer, who took will to be the single, unconscious force behind all of reality and all ideas of reality. An existentialist voluntarism was present in Friedrich Nietzsche's doctrine of the overriding "will to power" whereby man would eventually recreate himself as "superman." And a pragmatic voluntarism is evident in William James's conception of knowledge and truth in terms of purpose and practical ends
The principle of relying on voluntary action Topic areas: Governance, Volunteer Management
Of or pertaining to voltaism, or voltaic electricity; as, voltaic induction; the voltaic arc
Belief that the nature of reality, the principles of morality, or the structure of society derives from the determinations of human or (especially) divine will Also see doxastic and ethical voluntarism in the OCP, IEP, SEP, Steven Darwall, CE, and ISM
That form of electricity which is developed by the chemical action between metals and different liquids; voltaic electricity; also, the science which treats of this form of electricity; called also galvanism, from Galvani, on account of his experiments showing the remarkable influence of this agent on animals
Schopenhauer and Fichte are typical exponents of the two types of metaphysical voluntarism, Schopenhauer teaching that the evolution of the universe is the activity of a blind and irrational will, Fichte holding that the intelligent activity of the ego is the fundamental fact of reality