victor emmanuel

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Italian Vittorio Emanuele born July 24, 1759, Turin, Kingdom of Sardinia died Jan. 10, 1824, Moncalieri, near Turin King of Sardinia (1802-21). Son of Victor Amadeus III and great-grandson of Victor Amadeus II, he led Sardinian forces against the French (1792-97). He became duke of Savoy and king of Sardinia in 1802 when his brother Charles Emmanuel IV abdicated. His kingdom, except for the island of Sardinia, was occupied by France (1802-14), then restored with the addition of Genoa by the Congress of Vienna (1815). He abdicated in 1821 in favour of his brother Charles Felix (1765-1831). Italian Vittorio Emanuele born March 14, 1820, Turin, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia died Jan. 9, 1878, Rome, Italy King of Sardinia (1849-61) and first king of a united Italy (1861-78). The son of Charles Albert, he took part in the war against Austria (1848) and became king when his father abdicated in 1849. Assisted by his minister Camillo Cavour, he strengthened the kingdom and supported the Risorgimento movement for unity. In the war with Austria (1859-61), he commanded troops to victories in the Battles of Magenta and Solferino. He secretly encouraged Giuseppe de Garibaldi in the conquest of Sicily and Naples and led the invasion of the Papal States. He assumed the title of king of Italy (1861) and later acquired Venetia (1866) and Rome (1870). Italian Vittorio Emanuele born Nov. 11, 1869, Naples, Italy died Dec. 28, 1947, Alexandria, Egypt King of Italy (1900-46). Son of Umberto I, he came suddenly to the throne on his father's assassination (1900). He accepted a Liberal cabinet and readily agreed to Italy's war against Turkey (1911-12) and entry into World War I. After the war, he failed to prevent the rise of Benito Mussolini and the fascist seizure of power, which turned him into a figurehead sovereign. In 1943, after disastrous Italian military losses and the Allied invasion of Sicily, he had Mussolini arrested and replaced by Pietro Badoglio as premier. In 1944 he relinquished power to his son Umberto and, in an unsuccessful attempt to preserve the monarchy, abdicated in Umberto's favour in 1946 (see Umberto II). When the Italian republic was declared in 1946, father and son went into exile

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

Victor Emmanuel II

Italian king (1861-1878). He completed the unification of Italy by acquiring Venice (1866) and Rome (1870)

Victor Emmanuel III

Italian king (1900-1946). He appointed Benito Mussolini prime minister in 1922 and did little to stop Italy's decline into a fascist state. He abdicated in 1946, and the monarchy was formally abolished in 1947

الواصلة

Vic·tor Em·ma·nu·el

التركية النطق

vîktır îmänyuıl

النطق

/ˈvəktər əˈmanyo͞oəl/ /ˈvɪktɜr ɪˈmænjuːəl/