{i} physics that studies the conversion of energy from one form into other forms of energy and its practical implementation; conversion of the energy of heat into other forms of energy
The form thermodynamic is used as a modifier. Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that is concerned with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. the science that deals with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. Study of the relationships among heat, work, temperature, and energy. Any physical system will spontaneously approach an equilibrium that can be described by specifying its properties, such as pressure, temperature, or chemical composition. If external constraints are allowed to change, these properties generally change. The three laws of thermodynamics describe these changes and predict the equilibrium state of the system. The first law states that whenever energy is converted from one form to another, the total quantity of energy remains the same. The second law states that, in a closed system, the entropy of the system does not decrease. The third law states that, as a system approaches absolute zero, further extraction of energy becomes more and more difficult, eventually becoming theoretically impossible
Thermodynamics that studies a thermodynamic system as an undivided whole, described by macrostate variables such as volume, pressure and temperature, instead of considering the thermodynamic system as an ensemble of moving molecules
Thermodynamics that studies a thermodynamic system as an an ensemble of moving molecules, considering the macroscopic temperature as an average kinetic energy of the microscopic molecules
a law stating that mechanical work can be derived from a body only when that body interacts with another at a lower temperature; any spontaneous process results in an increase of entropy