strüktüralizm

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structuralism

A school of biological thought that deals with the law-like behaviour of the structure of organisms and how it can change, emphasising that organisms are wholes, and therefore that change in one part must necessarily take into account the inter-connected nature of the entire organism

a sociological theory based on the premise that society comes before individuals

a sociological theory based on the premise that society comes before individuals an anthropological theory that there are unobservable social structures that generate observable social phenomena linguistics defined as the analysis of formal structures in a text or discourse

The early school of psychology that sought to identify the components of the conscious mind

Method of interpreting social phenomena in the context of a system of signs whose significance lies solely in the interrelationships among them Initiated in the linguistics of Saussure and Chomsky, structuralism was applied to other disciplines by Lévi-Strauss, Piaget, Althusser, Lacan, Barthes, Foucault, and Eco Most structuralists share a conviction that individual human beings function solely as elements of the (often hidden) social networks to which they belong Recommended Reading: Edith Kurzweil, The Age of Structuralism: From Levi-Strauss to Foucault (Transaction, 1996) {at Amazon com}; Peter Caws, Structuralism: A Philosophy for the Human Sciences (Prometheus, 1997) {at Amazon com}; Structuralism and Since: From Levi Strauss to Derrida, ed by John Sturrock (Oxford, 1981) {at Amazon com}; and Donald D Palmer, Structuralism and Poststructuralism for Beginners (Writers & Readers, 2001) {at Amazon com} Also see OCDL, BGHT, SEP, ColE, OCP, noesis, and MacE

Structuralism is a method of interpreting and analysing such things as language, literature, and society, which focuses on contrasting ideas or elements of structure and attempts to show how they relate to the whole structure. a method of studying language, literature, society etc in which you examine the relationships of the different parts or ideas in order to determine their meaning. European critical movement of the mid-20th century. It is based on the linguistic theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, which hold that language is a self-contained system of signs, and the cultural theories of Claude Lévi-Strauss, which hold that cultures, like languages, can be viewed as systems of signs and analyzed in terms of the structural relations among their elements. Central to structuralism is the notion that binary oppositions (e.g., male/female, public/private, cooked/raw) reveal the unconscious logic or "grammar" of a system. Literary structuralism views literary texts as systems of interrelated signs and seeks to make explicit their hidden logic. Prominent figures in the structuralist movement are Michel Foucault, Jacques Lacan, Roman Jakobson, and Roland Barthes. Areas of study that have adopted and developed structuralist premises and methodologies include semiotics and narratology. See also deconstruction

an anthropological theory that there are unobservable social structures that generate observable social phenomena

{i} method of sociological analysis of human behavior and cognition and experience in a system of binary opposition; structural linguistics, classification of permanent structures and formations in a language

The nineteenth-century school of psychology that sought to determine the structure of the mind through controlled introspection (p 8)

linguistics defined as the analysis of formal structures in a text or discourse

Literary critical approach that analyzes the structure of texts and patterns among their parts

The term is used differently in different circles, but in the postmodern circle it generally refers to the theories influenced by Saussure According to these schools of thought, learning a particular language lays down a firm and resistant way of understanding Structuralism studies these resistant ways of understanding

A theory of sociology that views elements of society as part of a cohesive self-supporting structure

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strük·tü·ra·lizm