(n ) an applications category that includes oil and gas exploration and recovery as well as geological prediction studies Typical applications tend to require very large quantities of data and often result in relatively simple calculations on the measured data
the study of earthquakes: "abrupt motions through the earth and along its surfaces caused by a sudden release in rocks of strain accumulated over time as a result of tectonics "*
The study of small changes in the radial velocity of the Sun as a whole or of small regions on the surface of the Sun Analyses of these velocity changes can be used to infer the internal structure of the Sun
Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes. + seismological seis·mo·logi·cal the Seismological Society of America. + seismologist seismologists seis·molo·gist Peter Ward is a seismologist with the US Geological Survey. the scientific study of earthquakes. Scientific discipline concerned with the study of earthquakes and of the propagation of seismic waves. A branch of geophysics, it has provided much information about the composition and state of the planet's interior. Recent work has focused on predicting earthquakes in hopes of minimizing the risk to humans. Seismologists have also studied quakes induced by human activities such as impounding water behind high dams, injecting fluids into deep wells, and detonating underground nuclear explosions in an effort to find ways of controlling natural earthquakes
Seismic waves are vibrations generated by earthquakes or artificial explosions If the Earth's composition and density were uniform, then the time taken for seismic waves to reach a detector would be proportional to the distance from the source This is found not to be the case and seismic data has enabled a detailed picture of how the speed of seismic waves travel varies with depth This has allowed the differentiation of the Earth's interior into the crust, mantle and core, all of which have different densities and compositions