Single Data Rate Segmentation and Reassembly (SAR) Large packets can be sent through a size-challenged medium by segmenting (or fragmenting) into smaller pieces The receiver then accumulates the small pieces and reassembles the original large packet While this problem is trivial for a single point-to-point order-preserving lossless link, it requires large amounts of memory and complex arbitration logic as the number of endpoints (and potential for segment interleaving, reordering, and loss) is increased Semiconductor A material that can behave as an insulator (not conducting electricity) or as a conductor (conducting electricity)