Ahmad Khan Sir Sayyid Fadlallah Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Muhammad Ahmad ibn al Sayyid Abd Allah Mir Sayyid Ali QuTb Sayyid Ibrahim Husayn Shadhili Sayyid QuTb Said Sayyid
in full Ibrhm usayn Shdhil Sayyid Qub born Oct. 9, 1906, near Asy, Egypt died Aug. 29, 1966, Cairo Egyptian writer who was one of the foremost figures in modern Sunnite Islamic revivalism. He was from a family of impoverished rural notables. For most of his early life he was a schoolteacher. Originally an ardent secularist, he came, over time, to adopt many Islamist views. Following a brief period studying in the U.S. (1948-50), he became convinced of the corruption of Western secularism and on his return to Egypt joined the Muslim Brotherhood. He was at first on good terms with the revolutionary regime of Gamal Abdel Nasser but was imprisoned (1954-64) along with other Brotherhood leaders on charges of sedition. His prison years were his most productive. The brutal treatment he received convinced him that Egypt, like the West, was corrupt, and, drawing (often freely) on the work of early Muslim scholars such as Ibn Taymiyyah, he argued that much of modern Muslim society had fallen in apostasy and was, therefore, a legitimate target of jihad. He penned these ideas in several books, including Signposts in the Road (1964), which became a template for modern Sunnite militancy. Released from prison in 1964, he was soon rearrested, tried for treason, and executed
born 1935, Al-Najaf, Iraq Muslim Shite cleric associated with Lebanese Hezbollah organization. He was schooled at a traditional madrasah in his birthplace, where he studied under many of the eminent Shite scholars of his day. His scholarly acumen eventually earned him the honourific ayatollah. He moved to Lebanon (where his parents were born) in 1966 and quickly established a reputation as a leading religious authority. Falallh's eloquence led many to believe that he was Hezbollah's leader after the party was founded in 1982, but both he and the party have denied any direct link, while acknowledging his strong spiritual influence over the organization. Though impressed by the Islamic revolution in Iran (1979), he generally stood aloof from the more radical position of its leader, Ruhollah Khomeini
flourished 16th century Persian miniature painter. Born in Tabrz, he went to India about 1545. He and fellow countryman Abd al-Samad instructed the artists of the imperial atelier, most of them Indians, and thereby helped to found the school of Mughal painting. He supervised part of the production of the illustrations to the Mughal manuscript Dstn-e Amr amzeh ("Stories of Amir Hamzeh"). The few paintings by him that have survived reveal that he was a highly gifted painter, wielding a delicate brushstroke and great powers of observation
born Oct. 17, 1817, Delhi died March 27, 1898, Aligarh, India Indian educator and jurist. Born into a family of officials in the Mughal dynasty, he worked for the British East India Co. and held various judicial posts. He supported the British in the 1857 Indian Mutiny but criticized their errors in his influential pamphlet Causes of the Indian Revolt. His other works include Essays on the Life of Mohammed (1870) and commentaries on the Bible and Qurn. He founded schools at Muradabad and Ghazipur, established the Scientific Society, sought to strengthen the Muslim community through the reform journal Tahdhib al-Akhlaq, and was active in founding a Muslim college, the Anglo-Mohammedan Oriental College, in 1877 at Aligarh
sayyid
الواصلة
say·yid
التركية النطق
sayîd
النطق
/ˈsīəd/ /ˈsaɪɪd/
علم أصول الكلمات
() From Arabic سَيّد, meaning master, sir, mister.