samuel

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الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية

تعريف samuel في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.

One of two books of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh

A male given name

I went down the dark road between the hawthorn hedges puzzling over the why of like, repeating SAMUEL to myself and aloud and listening to the rolling wonder in its sound that had charmed her soul and led her life in tragic places. SAMUEL! There was a rolling wonder in the sound. Aye, there was!.

The primary author and central character of the first book of Samuel

Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the LORD.

( 11th century BC) Old Testament prophet, the first after Moses and the last of the judges of ancient Israel. His story is told in two biblical books (1 and 2 Samuel) that relate the history of Israel in the 11th-10th century BC. During this period, the first monarchy of Israel was established and the tribes of Israel united under a single kingdom with its capital at Jerusalem. Samuel received a revelation that led to the installation of Saul as king, but later announced an oracle rejecting Saul and secretly anointed David as king. Scholars dispute whether the historical Samuel was the author of the two books that bear his name. died Oct. 6, 1014 Tsar of Western Bulgaria (980-1014). Ruling originally in Macedonia, he conquered Serbia, northern Bulgaria, Albania, and northern Greece. He revived the Bulgarian patriarchate and in the 980s defeated Basil II. However, his struggle with the Byzantines continued until 1014, when Basil defeated Samuel's army at the Battle of Belasitsa. At Basil's order, the 15,000 Bulgarian prisoners were blinded and then returned to Samuel, who is said to have died of shock. Adams Samuel Addams Charles Samuel Barber Samuel Samuel Adrian Baugh Beckett Samuel Barclay Behrman Samuel Nathaniel Bentham Sir Samuel Blumberg Baruch Samuel Butler Samuel Samuel Cohen Champlain Samuel de Chase Samuel Coleridge Samuel Taylor Colt Samuel Cooke Samuel Crompton Samuel Cunard Sir Samuel 1st Baronet Delany Samuel Ray Doe Samuel Kanyon Firestone Harvey Samuel Gardiner Samuel Rawson Goldwyn Samuel Samuel Goldfish Gompers Samuel Andrew Samuel Griffith Gross Samuel David Hahnemann Christian Friedrich Samuel Hammett Samuel Dashiell Hoffman Samuel Kurtz Houston Samuel Hughes Sir Samuel Huntington Samuel Phillips Insull Samuel Johnson Samuel Judah ben Samuel Kirkland Samuel Kuhn Thomas Samuel Langley Samuel Pierpont Lister Samuel Cunliffe Baron Masham of Swinton Morison Samuel Eliot Morse Samuel Finley Breese Samuel Joel Mostel Nujoma Samuel Shafiihuma Paley William Samuel Palmer Samuel Peckinpah David Samuel Pepys Samuel Plimsoll Samuel Pufendorf Samuel baron von Rayburn Samuel Taliaferro Richardson Samuel Scheidt Samuel Sewall Samuel Samuel Shepard Rogers Slater Samuel Smith Samuel Snead Samuel Jackson Samuel Sosa Peralta Tilden Samuel Jones Samuel Langhorne Clemens Walton Samuel Moore Samuel Wilder Theodore Samuel Williams Wise Stephen Samuel Hoare Sir Samuel John Gurney 2nd Baronet Samuel of Mount Carmel and of Toxeth Herbert Louis Samuel 1st Viscount

book(s) of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh

{i} male first name; family name; Hebrew prophet (1st prophet after Moses) and judge who anointed Saul and then David as king of Israel, son of Hannah (Bible, Old Testament); two books of the Bible

given name, male

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

Samuel Smiles

(Edebiyat) (23 December, 1812 – 16 April, 1904), was a Scottish author and reformer

Samuel Adams

a US politician and writer who protested against British taxes and law when the UK was still in control of the American colonies.. He was the main organizer of the Boston Tea Party (1722-1803). born Sept. 27, 1722, Boston, Mass. died Oct. 2, 1803, Boston, Mass., U.S. American Revolutionary leader. A cousin of John Adams, he graduated from Harvard College in 1740 and briefly practiced law. He became a strong opponent of British taxation measures and organized resistance to the Stamp Act. He was a member of the state legislature (1765-74), and in 1772 he helped found the Committees of Correspondence. He influenced reaction to the Tea Act of 1773, organized the Boston Tea Party, and led opposition to the Intolerable Acts. A delegate to the Continental Congress (1774-81), he continued to call for separation from Britain and signed the Declaration of Independence. He helped draft the Massachusetts constitution in 1780 and served as the state's governor (1794-97)

Samuel Barber

a US composer who is famous for his Adagio for Strings (1936) (1910-81). born March 9, 1910, West Chester, Pa., U.S. died Jan. 23, 1981, New York, N.Y. U.S. composer. He studied piano, voice, conducting, and composition at the Curtis Institute. After graduation in 1934, he devoted himself to composition. Barber's style, frequently lyrical and neo-Romantic, proved highly attractive to the public. His works include the popular Adagio for Strings (1936), two Essays for Orchestra (1937, 1942), the opera Vanessa (1957, Pulitzer Prize), and a Piano Concerto (1962, Pulitzer Prize)

Samuel Barclay Beckett

born April 13?, 1906, Foxrock, Co. Dublin, Ire. died Dec. 22, 1989, Paris, France Irish playwright. After studying in Ireland and traveling, he settled in Paris in 1937. During World War II he supported himself as a farmworker and joined the underground resistance. In the postwar years he wrote, in French, the narrative trilogy Molloy (1951), Malone Dies (1951), and The Unnamable (1953). His play Waiting for Godot (1952) was an immediate success in Paris and gained worldwide acclaim when he translated it into English. Marked by minimal plot and action, existentialist ideas, and humour, it typifies the Theatre of the Absurd. His later plays, also sparsely staged, abstract works that deal with the mystery and despair of human existence, include Endgame (1957), Krapp's Last Tape (1958), and Happy Days (1961). In 1969 he was awarded the Nobel Prize

Samuel Beckett

(1906-1989) Irish born writer and dramatist who lived in France

Samuel Beckett

an Irish writer of plays, novels, and poetry who lived in France and is famous for his play Waiting for Godot (1906-89). born April 13?, 1906, Foxrock, Co. Dublin, Ire. died Dec. 22, 1989, Paris, France Irish playwright. After studying in Ireland and traveling, he settled in Paris in 1937. During World War II he supported himself as a farmworker and joined the underground resistance. In the postwar years he wrote, in French, the narrative trilogy Molloy (1951), Malone Dies (1951), and The Unnamable (1953). His play Waiting for Godot (1952) was an immediate success in Paris and gained worldwide acclaim when he translated it into English. Marked by minimal plot and action, existentialist ideas, and humour, it typifies the Theatre of the Absurd. His later plays, also sparsely staged, abstract works that deal with the mystery and despair of human existence, include Endgame (1957), Krapp's Last Tape (1958), and Happy Days (1961). In 1969 he was awarded the Nobel Prize

Samuel Brady

{i} (1758-1795) American pioneer and soldier

Samuel Butler

born Feb. 8, 1612, Strensham, Worcestershire, Eng. died Sept. 25, 1680, London British poet and satirist. He held several clerical positions, where he could observe cranks and scoundrels like those whose antics he targeted. He is famous for Hudibras (1663-78), a mock-heroic poem skewering the fanaticism, pretentiousness, pedantry, and hypocrisy he saw in militant Puritanism. It is the most memorable burlesque poem in English and the first English satire that successfully attacked ideas rather than personalities. born Dec. 4, 1835, Langar Rectory, Nottinghamshire, Eng. died June 18, 1902, London British novelist, essayist, and critic. Descended from distinguished clergymen, he grappled for many years with Christianity and evolution, first embracing, then rejecting, Charles Darwin's theories in his writings. He is best known for The Way of All Flesh (1903), his autobiographical novel that tells, with ruthless wit and lack of sentiment, the story of his escape from the suffocating moral atmosphere of his home circle. In his lifetime his reputation rested on the utopian satire Erewhon (1872), which foreshadowed the end of the Victorian illusion of eternal progress

Samuel Chase

born April 17, 1741, Princess Anne, Md. died June 19, 1811, Washington, D.C. U.S. jurist. He was a member of the Maryland assembly (1764-84). An ardent patriot, he helped lead the Sons of Liberty in violent resistance against the Stamp Act. He served on the state Committee of Correspondence (1774), was elected to the Continental Congress, and signed the Declaration of Independence. When Alexander Hamilton exposed his attempt to corner the flour market (1778), Chase retired from Congress, only to return in 1784. He served as chief judge of the Maryland General Court from 1791 to 1796, when Pres. George Washington appointed him to the Supreme Court of the United States. Chase upheld the primacy of U.S. treaties over state statutes in Ware v. Hylton. In Calder v. Bull (1798) he contributed to the definition of due process. At the instigation of Pres. Thomas Jefferson, Chase was impeached for partisan conduct in 1804. His acquittal established the principle that federal judges can be removed only for indictable criminal acts, thus strengthening the independence of the judiciary. Chase served until 1811

Samuel Clemens

{i} (1835-1910) American author who wrote under the name "Mark Twain", author of the book "Huckleberry Finn

Samuel Colt

born July 19, 1814, Hartford, Conn., U.S. died Jan. 10, 1862, Hartford U.S. inventor. He worked in his father's textile factory before going to sea in 1830. On a voyage to India he conceived the idea for his first revolver, which he later patented (1835-36). Colt's six-shooters were slow to gain acceptance, and his company in Paterson, N.J., failed in 1842. He invented a naval mine with the first remotely controlled explosive in 1843 and conducted a telegraph business that used the first underwater cable. Soldiers' favourable reports prompted an order for 1,000 pistols during the Mexican War, and Colt resumed manufacture in 1847. Assisted by Eli Whitney, Jr., he advanced the development of interchangeable parts and the assembly line. His firm, based in Hartford, produced the revolvers most widely used in the American Civil War and in the settlement of the West, including the famous Colt .45

Samuel Cooke

born Jan. 22, 1931, Clarksdale, Miss., U.S. died Dec. 11, 1964, Los Angeles, Calif. U.S. singer and songwriter. The son of a Baptist minister, Cooke started his career singing gospel music. Switching to rhythm and blues and soul music, he had a series of hits, including "You Send Me," "Wonderful World," "Cupid," "Twistin' the Night Away," and "Bring It on Home to Me." Cooke was shot to death in a Los Angeles motel room

Samuel Crompton

born Dec. 3, 1753, Firwood, Lancashire, Eng. died June 26, 1827, Bolton, Lancashire British inventor. His spinning mule (probably called a mule because it was a cross between inventions of Richard Arkwright and James Hargreaves) permitted large-scale manufacture of high-quality thread and yarn by simultaneously drawing out and giving the final twisting to the cotton fibres fed into it, reproducing mechanically the actions of hand spinning

Samuel Cunliffe Baron Masham Lister

born Jan. 1, 1815, Calverley Hall, near Bradford, Yorkshire, Eng. died Feb. 2, 1906, Swinton Park, Yorkshire British inventor. His wool-combing machine (1845) helped lower the price of clothing and contributed greatly to the development of Australian sheep farming. Another invention ( 1865) permitted the use of silk waste to make goods that could compete with those manufactured from the perfect cocoon and that could be sold at many times the cost of production. His velvet loom for making pile fabrics ( 1878) was another important innovation

Samuel Cunliffe Baron Masham of Swinton Lister

born Jan. 1, 1815, Calverley Hall, near Bradford, Yorkshire, Eng. died Feb. 2, 1906, Swinton Park, Yorkshire British inventor. His wool-combing machine (1845) helped lower the price of clothing and contributed greatly to the development of Australian sheep farming. Another invention ( 1865) permitted the use of silk waste to make goods that could compete with those manufactured from the perfect cocoon and that could be sold at many times the cost of production. His velvet loom for making pile fabrics ( 1878) was another important innovation

Samuel Dashiell Hammett

born May 27, 1894, St. Mary's county, Md., U.S. died Jan. 10, 1961, New York, N.Y. U.S. detective novelist. He left school at age

Samuel Dashiell Hammett

He spent eight years as a private detective before beginning to publish fiction in pulp magazines. His first novels were Red Harvest (1929) and The Dain Curse (1929). The Maltese Falcon (1930; film, 1941), considered his finest work, introduced Sam Spade, the prototype of the hard-boiled detective. It was followed by the story collection The Continental Op (1930) and the novel The Glass Key (1931). The Thin Man (1934), featuring the witty detective couple Nick and Nora Charles, spawned a popular series of movies. Nora was based on Lillian Hellman, with whom Hammett had a romantic alliance from 1930 until his death. He later worked as a screenwriter. For refusing to answer questions about his Communist Party affiliations and those of his associates, he served a six-month prison sentence in 1951

Samuel David Gross

born July 8, 1805, Easton, Pa., U.S. died May 6, 1884, Philadelphia U.S. surgeon, teacher of medicine, and author. He was apprenticed to a local country doctor before receiving formal medical training. His most celebrated work, Elements of Pathological Anatomy (1839), was a pioneering effort that organized knowledge on the subject in English, and his System of Surgery (2 vol., 1859) had a profound effect on surgical thought worldwide. His Manual of Military Surgery (1861) was written at the government's request. Gross also invented many surgical tools. He was memorably portrayed in Thomas Eakins's masterpiece, The Gross Clinic

Samuel Eliot Morison

born July 9, 1887, Boston, Mass., U.S. died May 15, 1976, Boston U.S. biographer and historian. He taught at Harvard University for 40 years. To give authenticity to his writings on maritime history, he undertook numerous voyages and during wartime served on 12 ships as a commissioned officer in the U.S. Naval Reserve. His works include Admiral of the Ocean Sea (1942, Pulitzer Prize), on Christopher Columbus; John Paul Jones (1959, Pulitzer Prize); the monumental History of U.S. Naval Operations in World War II, 15 vol. (1947-62); and The Oxford History of the American People (1965)

Samuel F B Morse

born April 27, 1791, Charlestown, Mass., U.S. died April 2, 1872, New York, N.Y. U.S. painter and inventor. The son of a distinguished geographer, he attended Yale University and studied painting in England (1811-15). He returned home to work as an itinerant painter; his portraits still rank among the finest produced in the U.S. He cofounded the National Academy of Design and served as its first president (1826-45). Independent of similar efforts in Europe, he developed an electric telegraph (1832-35), believing his to be the first. He developed the system of dots and dashes that became known internationally as Morse code (1838). Though denied support from Congress for a transatlantic telegraph line, he received congressional support for the first U.S. telegraph line, from Baltimore to Washington; on its completion in 1844 he sent the message "What hath God wrought!" His patents brought him fame and wealth

Samuel F. B. Morse

{i} (1791-1872) inventor and developer of the first successful telegraph, developer of the Morse code

Samuel Finley Breese Morse

born April 27, 1791, Charlestown, Mass., U.S. died April 2, 1872, New York, N.Y. U.S. painter and inventor. The son of a distinguished geographer, he attended Yale University and studied painting in England (1811-15). He returned home to work as an itinerant painter; his portraits still rank among the finest produced in the U.S. He cofounded the National Academy of Design and served as its first president (1826-45). Independent of similar efforts in Europe, he developed an electric telegraph (1832-35), believing his to be the first. He developed the system of dots and dashes that became known internationally as Morse code (1838). Though denied support from Congress for a transatlantic telegraph line, he received congressional support for the first U.S. telegraph line, from Baltimore to Washington; on its completion in 1844 he sent the message "What hath God wrought!" His patents brought him fame and wealth

Samuel Goldwyn

a US film producer who started the company that became MGM and had an important part in the development of the Hollywood film industry (1882-1974). orig. Schmuel Gelbfisz later Samuel Goldfish born July 1879, Warsaw, Pol. died Jan. 31, 1974, Los Angeles, Calif., U.S. U.S. film producer. He emigrated alone at age 13 from Poland to New York, where he worked in a glove factory and became a salesman. He formed a film company with his brother-in-law, Jesse L. Lasky (1880-1958), and Cecil B. DeMille in 1913. In 1917 he left the company and with Edgar Selwyn established Goldwyn Pictures Corp. By the time that company merged into MGM (1924), he had become an independent producer. He employed top screenwriters, directors, and actors to produce films of high quality, including Wuthering Heights (1939), The Little Foxes (1941), The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), Guys and Dolls (1955), and Porgy and Bess (1959)

Samuel Goldwyn

(1882-1974) American film producer and pioneer of the motion picture industry, co-founder of "Metro Goldwyn Mayer

Samuel Gompers

born Jan. 27, 1850, London, Eng. died Dec. 13, 1924, San Antonio, Texas, U.S. British-born U.S. labour leader, first president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL). He immigrated to New York City with his family in 1863, where he became a cigar maker and a union organizer. Known for his opposition to radicalism, Gompers argued that unions should avoid political involvement and focus on economic goals, bringing about change through strikes and boycotts. He stressed the primacy of the national organization over local and international affiliations, and he emphasized the need for written contracts. In 1886 he led the national organization of cigar makers out of the Knights of Labor to form the AFL, of which he served as president from 1886 to 1924 (except 1895). See also AFL-CIO

Samuel Hahnemann

born April 10, 1755, Meissen, Saxony died July 2, 1843, Paris, Fr. German physician, founder of homeopathy. Struck by the similarity of the symptoms quinine produced in the healthy body to those of the disorders it cured, he theorized that "likes are cured by likes" and proposed his doctrine that substances used this way are most effective in small doses. His chief work, Organon of Rational Medicine (1810), expounds his system. His Pure Pharmacology (6 vol., 1811) details the symptoms produced by testing a large number of drugs on healthy subjects

Samuel Hanagid

Samuel Ha-Levi (993-c.1056) medieval Spanish statesman and writer

Samuel Hoffman

born April 15, 1902, Williamsport, Pa., U.S. died June 26, 1995, Santa Barbara, Calif. U.S. aeronautical design and rocket propulsion engineer. At North American Aviation (1949-70), he vastly increased the power of rocket engines, and he completed the prototype of the engine for the launch vehicles that orbited the first U.S. satellite (Explorer 1) and placed the first U.S. astronauts in space. His work was essential to the early development of intercontinental and intermediate-range ballistic missiles (see ICBM). From 1958 he oversaw development of the engines for Saturn launch vehicles, which eventually carried U.S. astronauts to the Moon

Samuel Houston

born March 2, 1793, Rockbridge county, Va., U.S. died July 26, 1863, Huntsville, Texas U.S. politician. After the death of his father in 1807, Houston moved with his family to a farm in rural Tennessee. In his mid-teens he ran away and lived for nearly three years with the Cherokee Indians. After service in the War of 1812 he practiced law in Nashville and was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives (1823-27). He was elected governor of Tennessee in 1827. After his marriage failed in 1829, he resigned his office and sought refuge among the Cherokee, who formally adopted him into the tribe. He twice traveled to Washington, D.C., to expose fraud perpetrated by government agents against the Indians. In 1832 he was sent by Pres. Andrew Jackson to Texas, then a Mexican province, to negotiate treaties with the Indians there. When U.S. settlers in Texas began an armed rebellion in 1835, the provisional Texas government chose him to command its army, and he defeated the Mexicans at San Jacinto, securing Texan independence. He served as president of the Republic of Texas (1836-38, 1841-44) and helped it to win statehood (1845); he then served in the U.S. Senate (1846-59). He was elected governor in 1859, but his pro-Union views were opposed by Democratic state leaders, who voted to secede in 1861. After he refused to swear allegiance to the Confederacy, he was deposed. The city of Houston was named in his honour

Samuel Ichiye Hayakawa

{i} (1906-1992) Canadian born U.S. semanticist and politician who served as a senator from California (1977-1983)

Samuel Insull

born Nov. 11, 1859, London, Eng. died July 19, 1938, Paris, France British-born U.S. public-utilities magnate. He moved to the U.S. in 1881 to become the private secretary of Thomas Alva Edison and rose to become president of the Chicago Edison Co. in 1892. By 1907 he had taken control of Chicago's transit system. By 1912 his vast electric-power system, enlarged by various mergers, was operating several hundred power plants. He vigorously promoted the stock of his holding companies. When they collapsed in 1932, he fled to Europe; extradited in 1934, he was tried three times for fraud, violation of bankruptcy laws, and embezzlement but was acquitted each time

Samuel J Tilden

born Feb. 9, 1814, New Lebanon, N.Y., U.S. died Aug. 4, 1886, Greystone, N.Y. U.S. politician. He was a leader of New York's Democratic Party, and, as state party chairman (1865-75), he effected the overthrow of the Tammany Hall boss William Marcy Tweed. As governor (1875-76) he continued his reforms, exposing the Canal Ring, a group of politicians and contractors who had defrauded the state. In 1876 he was the Democratic nominee for president. The bitterly fought campaign ended in a popular-vote victory for Tilden, but Republicans contested the results in four states. To settle the controversy, Congress appointed the Electoral Commission, which decided in favour of the Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes (See also electoral college). Unwilling to cause further conflict, Tilden accepted the decision and returned to his prosperous law practice. On his death he left his large fortune to establish a free public library for New York City

Samuel Jackson

{i} Samuel Leroy Jackson (born 1948) U.S. film actor who starred in "Pulp Fiction

Samuel Jackson Snead

born May 27, 1912, Hot Springs, Va., U.S. died May 23, 2002, Hot Springs U.S. golfer. Snead reportedly never took a golf lesson. Known for his straw hat and his flowing, powerful swing, "Slammin' Sam" won the PGA Championship (1942, 1949, 1951), the British Open (1946), and the Masters (1949, 1952, 1954) and was a member of the U.S. Ryder Cup team (eight times including 1969, when he captained the squad but did not play). Snead won more PGA tournaments (81) than any other player in history, and his total number of world tournament wins is estimated at 135

Samuel Johnson

(1709-84), known as Dr Johnson, a British critic and dictionary writer, famous for his Dictionary of the English Language (1755). He was well-known in London society in the 18th century, and considered to be an excellent conversationalist (=his conversation was intelligent, amusing, and interesting). known as Dr. Johnson born Sept. 18, 1709, Lichfield, Staffordshire, Eng. died Dec. 13, 1784, London British man of letters, one of the outstanding figures of 18th-century England. The son of a poor bookseller, he briefly attended Oxford University. He moved to London after the failure of a school he and his wife had started. He wrote for periodicals and was hired to catalog the great library of the earl of Oxford. In 1755, after eight years of labour, he produced his monumental Dictionary of the English Language (1755), the first great English dictionary, which brought him fame. He continued to write for such periodicals as The Gentleman's Magazine and The Universal Chronicle, and he almost single-handedly wrote and edited the biweekly The Rambler (1750-52). He also wrote plays, none of which succeeded on the stage. In 1765 he produced a critical edition of William Shakespeare with a famous preface that did much to establish Shakespeare as the centre of the literary canon. His travel writings include A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland (1775). His Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets, 10 vol. (1779-81), was a significant critical work. A brilliant conversationalist, he helped found the Literary Club ( 1763), which became famous for its members of distinction, including David Garrick, Edmund Burke, Oliver Goldsmith, and Joshua Reynolds. His aphorisms helped make him one of the most frequently quoted of English writers. The biography of Johnson written by his contemporary James Boswell is one of the most admired biographies of all time

Samuel Johnson

{i} Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784), English writer and lexicographer

Samuel Jones Tilden

born Feb. 9, 1814, New Lebanon, N.Y., U.S. died Aug. 4, 1886, Greystone, N.Y. U.S. politician. He was a leader of New York's Democratic Party, and, as state party chairman (1865-75), he effected the overthrow of the Tammany Hall boss William Marcy Tweed. As governor (1875-76) he continued his reforms, exposing the Canal Ring, a group of politicians and contractors who had defrauded the state. In 1876 he was the Democratic nominee for president. The bitterly fought campaign ended in a popular-vote victory for Tilden, but Republicans contested the results in four states. To settle the controversy, Congress appointed the Electoral Commission, which decided in favour of the Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes (See also electoral college). Unwilling to cause further conflict, Tilden accepted the decision and returned to his prosperous law practice. On his death he left his large fortune to establish a free public library for New York City

Samuel K Doe

born May 6, 1950/51, Tuzon, Liberia died Sept. 9/10, 1990, Monrovia Liberian soldier and head of state (1980-90). A member of the Krahn ethnic group, Doe led a coup in 1980 that overthrew Pres. William R. Tolbert (b. 1913 d. 1980). He suspended Liberia's constitution until 1984, and in 1985 he won a presidential election widely denounced as fraudulent. His regime was considered corrupt and brutal, and his life was continually threatened by assassination attempts. In the civil war that broke out in 1989, Doe was captured and killed

Samuel Kanyon Doe

born May 6, 1950/51, Tuzon, Liberia died Sept. 9/10, 1990, Monrovia Liberian soldier and head of state (1980-90). A member of the Krahn ethnic group, Doe led a coup in 1980 that overthrew Pres. William R. Tolbert (b. 1913 d. 1980). He suspended Liberia's constitution until 1984, and in 1985 he won a presidential election widely denounced as fraudulent. His regime was considered corrupt and brutal, and his life was continually threatened by assassination attempts. In the civil war that broke out in 1989, Doe was captured and killed

Samuel Kirkland

born Dec. 1, 1741, Norwich, Conn. died Feb. 28, 1808, Clinton, N.Y., U.S. American clergyman. He was a Congregational missionary to Indian tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy and learned several Indian languages. In the American Revolution he served as chaplain to colonial troops and secured an alliance with the Oneida. He was rewarded with a land grant in New York state, where he founded the Hamilton Oneida Academy for Indian and white students (later Hamilton College)

Samuel Kurtz Hoffman

born April 15, 1902, Williamsport, Pa., U.S. died June 26, 1995, Santa Barbara, Calif. U.S. aeronautical design and rocket propulsion engineer. At North American Aviation (1949-70), he vastly increased the power of rocket engines, and he completed the prototype of the engine for the launch vehicles that orbited the first U.S. satellite (Explorer 1) and placed the first U.S. astronauts in space. His work was essential to the early development of intercontinental and intermediate-range ballistic missiles (see ICBM). From 1958 he oversaw development of the engines for Saturn launch vehicles, which eventually carried U.S. astronauts to the Moon

Samuel Langhorne Clemens

the real name of the writer Mark Twain

Samuel Langley

born Aug. 22, 1834, Roxbury, Mass., U.S. died Feb. 27, 1906, Aiken, S.C. U.S. astronomer and aeronautics pioneer. He taught for many years at the future University of Pittsburgh. He studied the effect of solar activity on weather and invented the bolometer (1878), a radiant-heat detector sensitive to extremely small temperature differences. He began conducting experiments on lift and drag of wings by building flying machines, and in 1896 one of his heavier-than-air machines became the first to achieve sustained unmanned flight, flying 3,000 ft (900 m) along the Potomac River

Samuel Leroy Jackson

{i} (born 1948) U.S. film actor (starred in "Pulp Fiction")

Samuel Moore Walton

born March 29, 1918, Kingfisher, Okla., U.S. died April 5, 1992, Little Rock, Ark. U.S. retail magnate, founder of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. He attended the University of Missouri and then trained with the J.C. Penney Co. In 1945 he started a chain of variety stores in Arkansas, and in 1962 he opened his first Wal-Mart store in Rogers, Ark. , offering a wide selection of discount merchandise. Whereas other discount-store chains were usually situated in or near large cities, Walton based his stores in small towns where there was little competition from established chains. Using this strategy his company expanded to 800 stores by 1985. In 1983 he opened the first Sam's Wholesale Club. Walton stepped down as chief executive officer of Wal-Mart Stores in 1988 but remained chairman until his death, by which time there were over 1,700 stores and Walton's family was the wealthiest in the U.S. In the 1990s Wal-Mart became controversial for depleting downtown districts of their commercial life by siting stores nearby. By the end of the 20th century it had become the world's largest retailer

Samuel Moore Walton

{i} Samuel Walton (1918-1992), founder of Wal-Mart™ in 1962

Samuel Nathaniel Behrman

born June 9, 1893, Worcester, Mass., U.S. died Sept. 9, 1973, New York, N.Y. U.S. playwright. He contributed to New York newspapers and magazines and studied drama at Harvard University. His successful first play, the light comedy The Second Man (1927), was followed by the popular Meteor (1929), Brief Moment (1931), and Biography (1932). His more serious plays include Rain from Heaven (1934) and No Time for Comedy (1939). Noted for addressing complex social and moral issues, he wrote over 25 comedies in his 40-year career, and nearly every one was a hit

Samuel P Huntington

born April 18, 1927, New York, N.Y., U.S. U.S. political scientist. After receiving a doctorate from Harvard University, he spent most of his career teaching at Harvard, specializing in defense and international affairs. He has been a consultant to many government agencies. Among his many books are Political Order in Changing Societies (1968), in which he suggested that developing countries are not always likely to create liberal-democratic institutions, and Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order (1996), in which he predicted conflicts between the world's major cultures in the post-Cold War era

Samuel Palmer

After converting to a personal form of High Anglicanism and discovering medieval art, he developed a visionary style, displaying a mystical but precise depiction of nature and an overflowing religious intensity, united by a vivid re-creation of the pastoral conventions. In these works he was encouraged and influenced by William Blake. As his religious fervour faded after 1830, the precarious balance between realism and vision was lost

Samuel Palmer

born Jan. 27, 1805, London, Eng. died May 24, 1881, Redhill, Surrey British painter and etcher. He began exhibiting conventional landscapes at the Royal Academy by

Samuel Pepys

an English writer famous for his diary (=a book in which you write what happens to you each day) , which describes his personal life and the important events of the time, such as the Great Fire of London, and gives a lot of information about what life was like at the time (1633-1703). born Feb. 23, 1633, London, Eng. died May 26, 1703, London English diarist and public official. Born into a humble family, Pepys was appointed about 1659 as a clerk in the office of the Exchequer, where on Jan. 1, 1660, he began the diary for which he is chiefly known. He steadily improved his position, in time becoming secretary of the Admiralty, a member of Parliament, president of the Royal Society, trusted confidant of Charles II and James II, and friend of the great scholars of his age. His diary (published 1825), which he kept through 1669, presents a fascinating picture of the official and upper-class life in Restoration London, with vivid, honest accounts of ordinary as well as great events, including the Plague and the Great Fire of London

Samuel Phillips Huntington

born April 18, 1927, New York, N.Y., U.S. U.S. political scientist. After receiving a doctorate from Harvard University, he spent most of his career teaching at Harvard, specializing in defense and international affairs. He has been a consultant to many government agencies. Among his many books are Political Order in Changing Societies (1968), in which he suggested that developing countries are not always likely to create liberal-democratic institutions, and Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order (1996), in which he predicted conflicts between the world's major cultures in the post-Cold War era

Samuel Pierpont Langley

born Aug. 22, 1834, Roxbury, Mass., U.S. died Feb. 27, 1906, Aiken, S.C. U.S. astronomer and aeronautics pioneer. He taught for many years at the future University of Pittsburgh. He studied the effect of solar activity on weather and invented the bolometer (1878), a radiant-heat detector sensitive to extremely small temperature differences. He began conducting experiments on lift and drag of wings by building flying machines, and in 1896 one of his heavier-than-air machines became the first to achieve sustained unmanned flight, flying 3,000 ft (900 m) along the Potomac River

Samuel Plato-Sharon

Israeli businessman and former member of parliament

Samuel Plimsoll

born Feb. 10, 1824, Bristol, Gloucestershire, Eng. died June 3, 1898, Folkestone, Kent British reformer. A London coal merchant, he served in Parliament (1868-80). With his book Our Seamen (1873), he helped overcome resistance to the Merchant Shipping Act, which instituted such reforms as the loading limit for cargo ships. A load line (the Plimsoll mark or line) was marked on the hull of every cargo ship, indicating the maximum depth to which the ship could be safely loaded

Samuel R Delany

born April 1, 1942, New York, N.Y., U.S. U.S. science-fiction novelist and critic. Born into a distinguished African American family, he attended the City College of New York and published his first novel in 1962. His highly imaginative works, which garnered wide critical admiration, address racial and social issues, sexuality, heroic quests, and the nature of language. Dhalgren (1975), his most controversial novel, tells of a young bisexual man searching for identity in a large, decaying city. Other works include the novels Babel-17 (1966, Nebula Award), The Einstein Intersection (1967, Nebula Award), and Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand (1984), and scripts for film, radio, and Wonder Woman comic books. Among his nonfiction works are Longer Views: Extended Essays (1996) and Shorter Views: Queer Thoughts and the Politics of the Paraliterary (1999)

Samuel Rawson Gardiner

born March 4, 1829, Ropley, near Alresford, Hampshire, Eng. died Feb. 23, 1902, Sevenoaks, Kent English historian whose career was dedicated to the study of the English Civil Wars. He taught at King's College, London, and was a fellow at Oxford. His researches among manuscript collections gave unrivaled authority to his monumental undertaking. Its principal volumes were History of England from the Accession of James I to the Outbreak of the Civil War, 1603-1642 (1883-84); History of the Great Civil War, 1642-1649 (1886, 1893); and History of the Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660 (1903)

Samuel Ray Delany

born April 1, 1942, New York, N.Y., U.S. U.S. science-fiction novelist and critic. Born into a distinguished African American family, he attended the City College of New York and published his first novel in 1962. His highly imaginative works, which garnered wide critical admiration, address racial and social issues, sexuality, heroic quests, and the nature of language. Dhalgren (1975), his most controversial novel, tells of a young bisexual man searching for identity in a large, decaying city. Other works include the novels Babel-17 (1966, Nebula Award), The Einstein Intersection (1967, Nebula Award), and Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand (1984), and scripts for film, radio, and Wonder Woman comic books. Among his nonfiction works are Longer Views: Extended Essays (1996) and Shorter Views: Queer Thoughts and the Politics of the Paraliterary (1999)

Samuel Richardson

an English writer who influenced the development of the modern novel with his novels Pamela and Clarissa, which are written in the form of letters (1689-1761). (baptized Aug. 19, 1689, Mackworth, near Derby, Derbyshire, Eng. died July 4, 1761, Parson's Green, near London) English novelist. After moving with his family to London at age 10, Richardson was apprenticed to a printer before setting up in business for himself in 1721. He soon became quite prosperous. In the 1730s he began to edit and write pamphlets, and he eventually hit on the idea of writing a book using a series of letters on the same subject. His major novels were the epistolary novel Pamela (1740), about a servant who avoids seduction and is rewarded by marriage; and his huge masterpiece, Clarissa, 7 vol. (1747-48), a tragedy with multiple narrators that develops a profoundly suggestive interplay of opposed voices. The History of Sir Charles Grandison (1753-54), which blends moral discussion and a comic ending, influenced later writers, especially Jane Austen

Samuel Scheidt

born 1587, Halle, Saxony died March 30, 1654, Halle German composer. After study in Amsterdam with Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, he returned to his native Halle and spent his entire life there in various musical offices, including court organist and later kapellmeister to the Margrave of Brandenburg. He wrote much sacred vocal music in both German and Latin, including Geistliche Concerte (1631-40). His chief work for keyboard (mostly organ) was Tabulatura nova (1624), written in open score rather than traditional organ tablature. The collection contains fantasias, toccatas, "echo pieces," organ responses for liturgical use, and, most important, variations on chorale melodies

Samuel Sewall

born March 28, 1652, Bishopstoke, Hampshire, Eng. died Jan. 1, 1730, Boston, Mass. British-American colonial merchant and jurist. He immigrated to America as a boy and became manager of the New England colonial printing press (1681-84) and a member of the governor's council (1684-1725). In 1692 he was appointed to preside at the Salem witch trials, in which 19 people were executed. Later admitting the error of the court's decision, he stood silently in the Old South Church in Boston in 1697 while his confession of error and guilt was read aloud. His three-volume Diary (published 1878-82) provides a view of New England Puritan life

Samuel Shafiihuma Nujoma

born May 12, 1929, Owambo, South West Africa First president (from 1990) of independent Namibia. In the late 1950s Nujoma helped found the Ovamboland People's Organization, forerunner of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). He became SWAPO's first president in 1960, and, after years of petitioning the UN to compel South Africa to release control of South West Africa, he authorized armed resistance (1966). In 1989, after some 30 years in exile, he led SWAPO to victory in the UN-supervised elections

Samuel Slater

born June 9, 1768, Belper, Derbyshire, Eng. died April 21, 1835, Webster, Mass., U.S. British-born U.S. industrialist. Initially apprenticed to a partner of Richard Arkwright, he immigrated to the U.S. in 1789, where he reproduced versions of Arkwright's spinning and carding machines from memory and in 1793 established the first successful American cotton mill at Pawtucket, R.I., the first of several plants. He founded the town of Slatersville, R.I. He is regarded as the founder of the U.S. cotton textile industry

Samuel Smith

born July 27, 1752, Carlisle, Pa. died April 22, 1839, Baltimore, Md., U.S. U.S. politician. He was a merchant in Baltimore and fought in the American Revolution. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1793-1803, 1816-22) and Senate (1803-15, 1822-33). As brigadier general of the Maryland militia, he commanded U.S. troops that defended Baltimore from the British in the War of 1812. After leading the militia against rioters, he was elected mayor of Baltimore (1835-38) at age 83

Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn

born Jan. 6, 1882, Roane county, Tenn., U.S. died Nov. 16, 1961, Bonham, Texas U.S. politician. He taught school in Texas before becoming a lawyer. He served in the state legislature from 1907 to 1913. In 1912 he was elected as a Democrat to the U.S. House of Representatives, where he served for the next 48 years, including 17 years as speaker (1940-46, 1949-53, 1955-61). A skillful tactician, he influenced the passage of much New Deal legislation and cowrote the bill enacting rural electrification. He was the long-time political mentor of Lyndon B. Johnson and a trusted adviser to presidents from Franklin D. Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

a British poet who wrote The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Kubla Khan. He and his friend William Wordsworth were leaders of the Romantic movement in Britain (1772-1834). born Oct. 21, 1772, Ottery St. Mary, Devonshire, Eng. died July 25, 1834, Highgate, near London English poet, critic, and philosopher. Coleridge studied at the University of Cambridge, where he became closely associated with Robert Southey. In his poetry he perfected a sensuous lyricism that was echoed by many later poets. Lyrical Ballads (1798; with William Wordsworth), containing the famous "Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and "Frost at Midnight," heralded the beginning of English Romanticism. Other poems in the "fantastical" style of the "Mariner" include the unfinished "Christabel" and the celebrated "Pleasure Dome of Kubla Khan." While in a bad marriage and addicted to opium, he produced "Dejection: An Ode" (1802), in which he laments the loss of his power to produce poetry. Later, partly restored by his revived Anglican faith, he wrote Biographia Literaria, 2 vol. (1817), the most significant work of general literary criticism of the Romantic period. Imaginative and complex, with a unique intellect, Coleridge led a restless life full of turmoil and unfulfilled possibilities

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

(1772-1834) English poet and philosopher, member of the "Lake Poets

Samuel baron von Pufendorf

born Jan. 8, 1632, Dorfchemnitz, near Thalheim, Saxony died Oct. 13, 1694, Berlin German jurist and historian. The son of a pastor, he left the study of theology for jurisprudence, philosophy, and history. He taught at the Universities of Heidelberg (1661-68) and Lund (1670-77). His Elements of Universal Jurisprudence (1660) and Of the Law and Nature of Nations (1672), which were influenced by Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes, departed from the traditional approach of the medieval theologians to natural law in arguing that there is no such creature as a natural slave that all men have a right to equality and freedom. His views were attacked by conservative Protestant theologians in Sweden and Germany, and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz dismissed him as "a man not a lawyer and scarcely a philosopher at all." Nevertheless, he was protected by the Swedish government, and he became the official historiographer to Charles XI of Sweden (1677-88) and to the elector of Brandenburg (1688-94)

Samuel de Champlain

a French explorer and the first governor of French Canada. He explored much of what is now Nova Scotia and established Quebec in 1608. He also was the first European to discover what is now called Lake Champlain (1567-1635). born 1567, Brouage, France died Dec. 25, 1635, Quebec, New France French explorer. He made several expeditions to North America before founding Quebec in 1608 with 32 colonists, most of whom did not survive the first winter. He joined with the northern Indian tribes to defeat Iroquois marauders and promoted the fur trade with the Indians. He discovered Lake Champlain in 1609 and made other explorations of what are now northern New York, the Ottawa River, and the eastern Great Lakes. English privateers besieged Quebec in 1628, when England and France were at war, and he was taken prisoner. In 1632 the colony was restored to France, and in 1633 Champlain made his last voyage to Quebec, where he lived until his death

Samuel de Champlain

(1567-1635) French sailor and explorer, founder of Quebec in New France (now Canada)

1 Samuel

A book of the Old Testament of the Bible, and of the Tanakh; in some Bibles known as 1 Kings

2 Samuel

A book of the Old Testament of Bible, and of the Tanakh; in some Bibles known as 2 Kings

Baruch Samuel Blumberg

born July 28, 1925, New York, N.Y., U.S. U.S. research physician. He received his M.D. from Columbia University. His discovery of an antigen that he later proved to be part of the hepatitis B virus, and which causes the body to produce antibodies to the virus, led to blood-donor screening and a vaccine. He shared a 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with D. Carleton Gajdusek

Baruch Samuel Blumberg

{i} (born 1925) US physician and biochemist, winner of 1976 Nobel prize for medicine or physiology together with Daniel Carleton Gajdusek

Charles Samuel Addams

born Jan. 7, 1912, Westfield, N.J., U.S. died Sept. 29, 1988, New York, N.Y. U.S. cartoonist. He worked briefly as a commercial artist before selling his first cartoon to The New Yorker in 1933. He became famous for darkly humorous cartoons depicting morbid behaviour by sinister-looking characters, especially a family of ghouls whose activities travestied those of a conventional family; in one popular image, they prepare to pour boiling oil on a group of Christmas carolers. These evolved into The Addams Family, a 1960s television series that generated two Hollywood films

Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann

born April 10, 1755, Meissen, Saxony died July 2, 1843, Paris, Fr. German physician, founder of homeopathy. Struck by the similarity of the symptoms quinine produced in the healthy body to those of the disorders it cured, he theorized that "likes are cured by likes" and proposed his doctrine that substances used this way are most effective in small doses. His chief work, Organon of Rational Medicine (1810), expounds his system. His Pure Pharmacology (6 vol., 1811) details the symptoms produced by testing a large number of drugs on healthy subjects

David Samuel Peckinpah

born Feb. 21, 1925, Fresno, Calif., U.S. died Dec. 28, 1984, Inglewood, Calif. U.S. film director. He served in the U.S. Marines, studied drama at the University of Southern California, and began working in television in the mid-1950s, writing for and directing programs such as Gunsmoke and The Rifleman. He made his debut as a film director with The Deadly Companions (1961), which was followed by Ride the High Country (1962) and Major Dundee (1965). Among his later films are The Wild Bunch (1969), considered his finest, Straw Dogs (1971), Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid (1973), and Cross of Iron (1977). His films are noted for their magnificent landscapes, embittered characters, and brutal violence

Dr. Samuel Johnson

{i} Samuel Johnson, Dr. Johnson (1709-1784), English writer and lexicographer

Harvey Samuel Firestone

born Dec. 20, 1868, Columbiana, Ohio, U.S. died Feb. 7, 1938, Miami Beach, Fla. U.S. industrialist. Firestone established a retail tire business in 1896 and in 1900 formed a company to sell rubber carriage tires. In 1904 his business began manufacturing automobile tires. Sales to Ford Motor Co. helped put Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. at the top of the U.S. tire industry. Firestone promoted the use of trucks for hauling freight and lobbied for the construction of vast highway systems. He ran his company until 1932, when his son replaced him. Firestone was purchased by Bridgestone Tire Co., a Japanese firm, in 1988

Herbert Louis Samuel 1st Viscount Samuel

born Nov. 6, 1870, Liverpool, Eng. died Feb. 5, 1963, London British politician. A social worker in the London slums, he entered the House of Commons in 1902, where he effected legislation that established juvenile courts and the Borstal system for youthful offenders. As postmaster general (1910-14, 1915-16), he nationalized the telephone system. Appointed the first British high commissioner for Palestine (1920-25), he improved the region's economy and promoted harmony among its religious communities. He presided (1925-26) over the royal commission on the coal industry and helped to settle the general strike of May 1926. He led the Liberal Party in the House of Commons (1931-35), and after being made viscount (1937), he was leader of the party in the House of Lords (1944-55). As president of the British (later Royal) Institute of Philosophy (1931-59), he wrote popular works such as Practical Ethics (1935) and Belief and Action (1937)

Herbert Louis Samuel 1st Viscount Samuel of Mount Carmel and of Toxeth

born Nov. 6, 1870, Liverpool, Eng. died Feb. 5, 1963, London British politician. A social worker in the London slums, he entered the House of Commons in 1902, where he effected legislation that established juvenile courts and the Borstal system for youthful offenders. As postmaster general (1910-14, 1915-16), he nationalized the telephone system. Appointed the first British high commissioner for Palestine (1920-25), he improved the region's economy and promoted harmony among its religious communities. He presided (1925-26) over the royal commission on the coal industry and helped to settle the general strike of May 1926. He led the Liberal Party in the House of Commons (1931-35), and after being made viscount (1937), he was leader of the party in the House of Lords (1944-55). As president of the British (later Royal) Institute of Philosophy (1931-59), he wrote popular works such as Practical Ethics (1935) and Belief and Action (1937)

Herbert Samuel

(1870-1963) British politician, first High Commissioner of Palestine during the British mandate

Jr. Samuel James Ervin

orig. Samuel James Ervin, Jr. born Sept. 27, 1896, Morganton, N.C., U.S. died April 23, 1985, Winston-Salem, N.C. U.S. senator (1954-74). He served on the Supreme Court of North Carolina (1948-54) before being appointed to a vacant U.S. Senate seat. An eloquent expert on the Constitution, he sat on the Senate committee that censured Sen. Joseph McCarthy, and he helped investigate labour racketeering. In the 1960s he led Southern filibusters against civil-rights legislation while simultaneously acting as a champion of civil liberties. As chairman of the special committee investigating the Watergate scandal, he became something of a folk hero for his unceasing pursuit of evidence in the face of White House claims of executive privilege. His earthy humour, distinctive accent, and unfailing charm contributed to his popularity

Judah ben Samuel

died 1217 Jewish mystic and scholar. He was a member of the Kalonymos family, which provided medieval Germany with many Jewish mystics and spiritual leaders. Around 1195 he settled in Regensburg, where he founded a yeshiva and gathered disciples such as Eleazar ben Judah of Worms. He was the founder of 12th-century German Hasidism, an ultrapious movement not directly related to 18th-century Hasidism. Book of the Pious, a compilation of the writings of Judah, his father, and Eleazar of Worms, offers a detailed manual of conduct for observant Jews; it is one of the most important documents of medieval Judaism

Sir Samuel 2nd Baronet Hoare

also called (from 1944) Viscount Templewood (of Chelsea) born Feb. 24, 1880, London, Eng. died May 7, 1959, London British statesman. As secretary of state for India (1931-35), he had the immense task of developing and defending in debate the new Indian constitution and was a chief architect of the Government of India Act (1935). He became foreign secretary (1935) but was forced to resign for his role in developing the unpopular Hoare-Laval Pact. As home secretary (1937-39), he helped develop the Munich agreement, which marked him as an appeaser and damaged his reputation. In World War II he served as ambassador to Spain (1940-44)

Sir Samuel 1st Baronet Cunard

born Nov. 21, 1787, Halifax, Nova Scotia died April 28, 1865, Kensington, London, Eng. Canadian-British merchant and shipowner. He became prosperous in commerce and began laying plans in 1830 to establish mail service between England and North America. He went to England in 1838 and in 1839 cofounded the British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., known as the Cunard Line. In 1840, four Cunard liners began the first regular service across the Atlantic Ocean

Sir Samuel Bentham

born Jan. 11, 1757, England died May 31, 1831, London British engineer, naval architect, and navy official. He was the brother of Jeremy Bentham and father of the botanist George Bentham (1800-84). An early advocate of explosive-shell weapons for warships, Bentham led Russian vessels fitted with shell guns to victory over a larger Turkish force in 1788. In England he developed the Arrow class of sloops used against France. He served as commissioner of the navy (1807-12)

Sir Samuel Hughes

born Jan. 8, 1853, Darlington, Canada West died Aug. 24, 1921, Lindsay, Ont., Can. Canadian soldier and politician. He was proprietor and editor of an Ontario newspaper from 1885 to 1897. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1892, sitting until 1921, except during the South African War (1899-1902), in which he served as a lieutenant colonel. In 1911 he became Canadian minister of militia and defense. At the start of World War I, he organized, trained, and equipped the Canadian Expeditionary Force for service in Europe. He was knighted in 1915

Sir Samuel John Gurney 2nd Baronet Hoare

also called (from 1944) Viscount Templewood (of Chelsea) born Feb. 24, 1880, London, Eng. died May 7, 1959, London British statesman. As secretary of state for India (1931-35), he had the immense task of developing and defending in debate the new Indian constitution and was a chief architect of the Government of India Act (1935). He became foreign secretary (1935) but was forced to resign for his role in developing the unpopular Hoare-Laval Pact. As home secretary (1937-39), he helped develop the Munich agreement, which marked him as an appeaser and damaged his reputation. In World War II he served as ambassador to Spain (1940-44)

Stephen Samuel Wise

born March 17, 1874, Budapest, Hung., Austria-Hungary died April 19, 1949, New York, N.Y., U.S. Hungarian-born U.S. Reform rabbi, political activist, and Zionist leader. His family immigrated to the U.S. when he was an infant. He earned his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1901 and was trained as a rabbi. In 1907, after declining a post at an influential congregation because of inadequate assurances of free speech in the pulpit, he founded the Free Synagogue. In 1898 he attended the Second Zionist Congress and helped found the Zionist Organization of America. A prominent member of the Democratic Party, he helped win U.S. government approval of the Balfour Declaration. In 1922 he founded the Jewish Institute of Religion, a seminary for liberal rabbis, which merged with Hebrew Union College in 1950

Thomas Samuel Kuhn

born July 18, 1922, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. died June 17, 1996, Cambridge, Mass. U.S. historian and philosopher of science. He taught at Berkeley (1956-64), Princeton (1964-79), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1979-91). In his highly influential work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), he questioned the previously accepted view of scientific progress as a gradual accumulation of knowledge based on universally valid experimental methods and results, claiming that progress was often achieved by far-reaching "paradigm shifts." His other works include The Copernican Revolution (1957), The Essential Tension (1977), and Black-Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity (1978)

William Samuel Paley

born Sept. 28, 1901, Chicago, Ill., U.S. died Oct. 26, 1990, New York, N.Y. U.S. broadcaster. He worked in his family's cigar business from 1922. His success at increasing sales through radio advertisements sparked his interest in the medium. He invested in a small radio network, Columbia Phonographic Broadcasting System, becoming its president in 1928 and rapidly adding member stations. He built CBS into one of the world's leading radio and television networks, serving as president (1928-46) and chairman of the board (1946-90). He launched CBS News in 1933 and built its outstanding staff, including Edward R. Murrow

i samuel

the first of two books in the Old Testament that tell of Saul and David

ii samuel

the second of two books of the Old Testament that tell of Saul and David

التركية - الإنجليزية

تعريف samuel في التركية الإنجليزية القاموس.

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

samuel johnson tarzında

Johnsonian

الواصلة

Sa·mu·el

التركية النطق

sämyul

النطق

/ˈsamyo͞ol/ /ˈsæmjuːl/

علم أصول الكلمات

[ 'sam-y&-w&l, -y&l ] (noun.) Hebrew שְׁמוּאֵל (shmuel), possibly "He (God) has listened" or contracted from sha'ulme'el "asked of God".