marie

الإنجليزية - التركية

تعريف marie في الإنجليزية التركية القاموس.

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

marie sign

(Tıp) charcotmarie işareti

bain-marie

Bir kabı kaynar suya oturtmak yolu ile içindekini ısıtmak yöntemini kullanan pişirme gereci

التركية - التركية

تعريف marie في التركية التركية القاموس.

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

mari

Türkmenistan'da bir kent

mari

Dişi keklik

الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية

تعريف marie في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.

A female given name; particularly popular as a middle name

Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de la Pagerie Marie Henri Beyle François Marie Arouet Ampère André Marie Anouilh Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Barry Marie Jeanne Bécu countess du Beauvoir Simone Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand de Marie Bernarde Soubirous Bichat Marie François Xavier Blais Marie Claire Bonaparte Marie Annonciade Caroline Bonaparte Marie Pauline Boulanger Georges Ernest Jean Marie Caillaux Joseph Marie Auguste Camargo Marie Anne de Cupis de Carême Marie Antoine Carnot Marie François Sadi Claudel Paul Louis Charles Marie Comte Isidore Auguste Marie François Xavier Condorcet Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat marquis de Corday d'Armont Marie Anne Charlotte Curie Marie Daubenton Louis Jean Marie de Gaulle Charles André Marie Joseph de Vries Hugo Marie Dressler Marie Leila Marie Koerber Duparc Marie Eugène Henri Evert Christine Marie Feydeau Georges Léon Jules Marie Flagstad Kirsten Marie Fourier François Marie Charles Frank Annelies Marie Marie Louise Fuller Marie Joseph François Garnier Caronne Adele Josephine Marie Grisi Henriette Marie Hugo Victor Marie Charles Marie Georges Huysmans Indy Paul Marie Theodore Vincent d' Jacquard Joseph Marie Jaurès Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina Lacan Jacques Marie Émile Lattre de Tassigny Jean Marie Gabriel de Le Pen Jean Marie Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor Lesseps Ferdinand Marie viscount de Louis Marie Julien Viaud Marie de France Marie de Médicis Marie Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne d'Autriche Lorraine Marie Louise Maurras Charles Marie Photius Mitterrand François Maurice Marie Marie Dolores Eliza Rosanna Gilbert Montherlant Henry Marie Joseph Millon de Poujade Pierre Marie Prévert Jacques Henri Marie Rambert Dame Marie Robespierre Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Jean Marie Maurice Scherer Roussel Albert Charles Paul Marie Saint Exupéry Antoine Marie Roger de Sallé Marie Sault Sainte Marie Marie de Rabutin Chantal Taglioni Marie Teilhard de Chardin Marie Joseph Pierre Tempest Dame Marie Marie Susan Etherington Marie Françoise Thérèse Martin Toulouse Lautrec Monfa Henri Marie Raymond de Tussaud Marie Marie Grosholtz Verlaine Paul Marie Vestris Marie Jean Auguste Vigée Lebrun Marie Louise Élisabeth Waldeck Rousseau Pierre Marie René Walras Marie Esprit Léon Chevreuse Marie de Rohan Montbazon duchess de Marie de Rohan Montbazon Lafayette Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier marquis de Philippe Marie viscount de Hauteclocque Léopold Philippe Charles Albert Meinrad Hubertus Marie Miguel Mac Mahon Marie Edme Patrice Maurice count de Maeterlinck Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard Orczy Emmuska Magdalena Rosalia Marie Josepha Barbara Baroness Marie René Auguste Aléxis Saint Léger Léger

{i} (French) female first name (form of Mary)

borrowed from the French form of Mary; particularly popular as a middle name

Marry

sault

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

Marie Antoinette

Someone with an extravagant and luxurious lifestyle

Marie Jeanne

A bottle of wine (usually Bordeaux) containing 2.25 liters of fluid, three times the volume of a standard bottle

Marie Rose sauce

A condiment made from a blend of ketchup and mayonnaise, most often served with seafood, especially prawns

Marie's disease

The disease acromegaly

Marie's disease

The disease hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

Marie -Anne de Cupis de Camargo

born April 15, 1710, Brussels, Spanish Netherlands died April 20, 1770, Paris, Fr. French ballerina. She made her Paris Opéra debut in 1726 and went on to dance in 78 ballets and operas before her retirement in 1751. Admired for her speed and agility, she executed jumping steps previously performed only by male dancers, shortening her skirts and removing the heels from her slippers to enable her do so. Her name was adopted in 1930 by a British ballet group, the Camargo Society

Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette. the Queen of France from 1774 to 1792 and the wife of Louis XVI. She became unpopular because she did not seem to care about the poor citizens of France, and when she was told that they did not have enough bread to eat, she is supposed to have said, "Let them eat cake". She and Louis XVI were put in prison during the French Revolution, and were killed by having their heads cut off by the guillotine (1755-93)

Marie Antoinette

(1755-1793) queen of France and wife of King Louis XVI (guillotined in the French Revolution)

Marie Byrd Land

A region of western Antarctica east of the Amundsen Sea. It was discovered and claimed for the United States by Richard E. Byrd in 1929

Marie Camargo

born April 15, 1710, Brussels, Spanish Netherlands died April 20, 1770, Paris, Fr. French ballerina. She made her Paris Opéra debut in 1726 and went on to dance in 78 ballets and operas before her retirement in 1751. Admired for her speed and agility, she executed jumping steps previously performed only by male dancers, shortening her skirts and removing the heels from her slippers to enable her do so. Her name was adopted in 1930 by a British ballet group, the Camargo Society

Marie Celeste

a sailing ship that was found in the Atlantic Ocean in 1872, with no one on it. The ship was undamaged, and a table was prepared for a meal. No one knows why the sailors left the ship, or what happened to them

Marie Claire

monthly American magazine for women that covers topics of general interest (health, beauty, fashion, career, finance, etc.)

Marie Claire

a British monthly magazine for young women which contains articles on fashion, health etc

Marie Curie

(1867-1934) Polish-born French physicist and chemist, co-discoverer of radium, Nobel prize winner (wife of Pierre Curie)

Marie Curie

a Polish scientist, who with her French husband Pierre Curie studied radioactivity and discovered two new radioactive substances, Polonium and radium. She won two Nobel Prizes, and was the first woman ever to win one (1867-1934). orig. Maria Sklodowska born Nov. 7, 1867, Warsaw, Pol., Russian Empire died July 4, 1934, near Sallanches, France Polish-born French physical chemist. She studied at the Sorbonne (from 1891). Seeking the presence of radioactivity, recently discovered by Henri Becquerel in uranium, in other matter, she found it in thorium. In 1895 she married fellow physicist Pierre Curie (1859-1906). Together they discovered the elements polonium and radium, and they distinguished alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. For their work on radioactivity (a term she coined), the Curies shared the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics with Becquerel. After Pierre's death, Marie was appointed to his professorship and became the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne. In 1911 she won a Nobel Prize for Chemistry for discovering polonium and isolating pure radium, becoming the first person to win two Nobel Prizes. She died of leukemia caused by her long exposure to radioactivity. In 1995 she became the first woman whose own achievements earned her the honour of having her ashes enshrined in the Pantheon in Paris. See also Frédéric Joliot-Curie

Marie Dolores Eliza Rosanna Gilbert

{i} birth name of Lola Montez (1818-1861), Irish dancer an adventuress who was the mistress of Franz Liszt and Alexandre Dumas (the father)

Marie Dressler

orig. Leila Marie Koerber born Nov. 9, 1868, Cobourg, Ont., Can. died July 28, 1934, Santa Barbara, Calif., U.S. Canadian-U.S. actress. She began her acting career as a vaudeville comedian and made her film debut in Tillie's Punctured Romance (1914), in which Charlie Chaplin also appeared. After a period of obscurity, she experienced a career revival with the coming of sound films. In the 1930s she was known for her portrayals of self-sufficient, humorous old women (often costarring with Wallace Beery) in films such as Min and Bill (1931, Academy Award) and Tugboat Annie (1933)

Marie Louise

Austrian archduchess who became empress of the French as the second wife of Napoleon I

Marie Stopes

a British scientist who in 1921 started the first clinic (=a place where people can go for medical treatment and advice) offering practical help with birth control (=methods for controlling the number of children you have) . She also wrote two popular books about sex education. At the time, her work was strongly criticized and opposed by the Roman Catholic Church and by many doctors with traditional opinions (1880-1958)

Marie Taglioni

born April 23, 1804, Stockholm, Swed. died April 24, 1884, Marseille, Fr. Italian ballet dancer. She trained with her dancer-choreographer father, Filippo Taglioni (1777-1871), and made her debut in Vienna in 1822. In her father's ballet La Sylphide, introduced at the Paris Opéra in 1832, she became one of the first to dance on pointe. She created a delicate new style, marked by floating leaps and balanced poses such as the arabesque, that typified the early 19th-century Romantic style. Her diaphanous white skirts would evolve into the tutu worn by most classical ballerinas. She toured throughout Europe and, after leaving the Opéra in 1837, danced with the Imperial Ballet in St. Petersburg; she retired from dancing in 1847

Marie Tussaud

orig. Marie Grosholtz born Dec. 1, 1761, Strasbourg, France died April 16, 1850, London, Eng. French British founder of Madame Tussaud's museum of wax figures in London. From 1780 until the French Revolution, she served as art tutor to Louis XVI's sister. During the Reign of Terror she made death masks from heads frequently those of her friends freshly severed by the guillotine. In 1802 she moved to Britain with her collection of wax models. Her museum contains a variety of historical figures, including the original models she made of her great contemporaries, including Voltaire and Benjamin Franklin. By the turn of the 21st century, branches of her museum were located throughout the world

Marie de France

flourished 12th century French poet, the earliest known woman poet of France. She wrote verse narratives on romantic and magical themes and may have inspired the musical lais of the later troubadours. She probably wrote in England and may have based her fables on an English source; her verses were dedicated to a "noble" king, either Henry II of England or his son. She also wrote a collection of fables, the Ysopet

Marie de Rohan-Montbazon duchess de Chevreuse

orig. Marie de Rohan-Montbazon known as Madame de Chevreuse born December 1600 died Aug. 12, 1679, Gagny, France French princess. She participated in several conspiracies against the ministerial government in Louis XIII's reign and the regency for Louis XIV. She was exiled several times for her activities, including participating in a plot against Cardinal de Richelieu, betraying state secrets to Spain, and plotting to assassinate Jules Mazarin

Marie- Pauline Bonaparte

born Oct. 20, 1780, Ajaccio, Corsica died June 9, 1825, Florence French noblewoman. A sister of Napoleon, in 1797 she married one of his staff officers, Gen. C.V.E. Leclerc (1772-1802). After Leclerc's death, she married Prince Camillo F.L. Borghese (1803) and went with him to Rome. She soon tired of him and returned to Paris, where her behaviour caused some scandal. In 1806 she received the title of duchess of Guastalla. She died of cancer in Florence

Marie-Anne- Charlotte Corday d'Armont

born July 27, 1768, Saint-Saturnin, near Séez, Normandy, France died July 17, 1793, Paris French political activist. A noblewoman from Caen, she moved to Paris to work for the Girondin cause in the French Revolution. Horrified at the excesses of the Reign of Terror, she sought an interview with Jean-Paul Marat, one of its leaders. On July 13, 1793, she stabbed him through the heart while he was in his bath. Arrested on the spot, she was convicted by the Revolutionary Tribunal and guillotined

Marie-Annonciade- Caroline Bonaparte

born March 25, 1782, Ajaccio, Corsica died May 18, 1839, Florence Queen of Naples (1808-15). The youngest sister of Napoleon, she married Joachim Murat in 1800. Her ambitious nature was partially responsible for her husband's becoming king of Naples, among other achievements. Her relations with Napoleon became strained as she associated herself with Murat's shifting allegiances in 1814-15, which led to his execution. Caroline then took refuge in Trieste and became countess de Lipona

Marie-Antoine Carême

born June 8, 1784, Paris, Fr. died Jan. 12, 1833, Paris French chef. Born into a poor family, he attained employment in a pastry shop frequented by Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand. He served as Talleyrand's chef for 12 years and subsequently created grandiose dishes and elaborately sculpted confections for the most splendid households of Europe, including those of the young George IV, Tsar Alexander I, and the baron de Rothschild. He wrote several classics of grande cuisine

Marie-Antoinette

born Nov. 2, 1755, Vienna died Oct. 16, 1793, Paris, France Queen consort of Louis XVI of France. The daughter of Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa, she was married in 1770 to the French dauphin. After he became king (1774), she was criticized for her extravagance and frivolous circle of court favourites. She was unjustly implicated in the Affair of the Diamond Necklace (1786), which discredited the monarchy. After the French Revolution began, she influenced Louis to resist attempts by the National Assembly to restrict the royal prerogative. She became the target of agitators, who attributed to her the celebrated remark, after being told the people had no bread, "Let them eat cake!" She tried to save the crown by negotiating secretly with monarchist factions and with her brother, Emperor Leopold II. News of her intrigues further enraged the French and led to the overthrow of the monarchy (1792). After a year in prison, she was tried and guillotined in 1793

Marie-Antoinette -Josèphe-Jeanne d'Autriche-Lorraine

born Nov. 2, 1755, Vienna died Oct. 16, 1793, Paris, France Queen consort of Louis XVI of France. The daughter of Emperor Francis I and Maria Theresa, she was married in 1770 to the French dauphin. After he became king (1774), she was criticized for her extravagance and frivolous circle of court favourites. She was unjustly implicated in the Affair of the Diamond Necklace (1786), which discredited the monarchy. After the French Revolution began, she influenced Louis to resist attempts by the National Assembly to restrict the royal prerogative. She became the target of agitators, who attributed to her the celebrated remark, after being told the people had no bread, "Let them eat cake!" She tried to save the crown by negotiating secretly with monarchist factions and with her brother, Emperor Leopold II. News of her intrigues further enraged the French and led to the overthrow of the monarchy (1792). After a year in prison, she was tried and guillotined in 1793

Marie-Claire Blais

born Oct. 5, 1939, Quebec, Que., Can. French-Canadian novelist and poet. In two early, dreamlike novels, Mad Shadows (1959) and Tête blanche (1960), she staked out her territory, working-class people doomed to unrelieved sorrow and grinding poverty. A Season in the Life of Emmanuel (1965) received the Prix Médicis and was widely translated and discussed. Later works include The Manuscripts of Pauline Archange (1968, Governor General's Award) and Deaf to the City (1979, Governor General's Award). She received the Governor General's Award again in 1996 for Soifs (1995). She has also published poetry collections and several plays

Marie-Edme-Patrice- Maurice count de Mac-Mahon

later duke de Magenta born July 13, 1808, Sully, France died Oct. 17, 1893, Loiret French soldier and second president (1873-79) of the Third Republic. Descended from an Irish Jacobite family, he began his army career in 1827 and distinguished himself in the Crimean War and in the Italian campaign at the Battle of Magenta (1859), after which he was made a marshal of France and duke de Magenta. He was governor-general of Algeria (1864-70) and later a commander in the Franco-Prussian War. He was appointed head of the Versailles Army, which defeated the Paris Commune in 1871. He was elected president after the resignation of Adolphe Thiers. During his term the Constitutional Laws of 1875 were promulgated. Mac-Mahon resigned following a constitutional crisis that was resolved in favour of parliamentary control of the government. Thereafter in the Third Republic, the office of president became largely honorific

Marie-Eugène- Henri Duparc

born Jan. 21, 1848, Paris, France died Feb. 12, 1933, Mont-de-Marsan French song composer. He studied music with César Franck while also studying law. His composing career lasted about 16 years; he stopped composing at age 36 for psychological reasons. Highly self-critical, he destroyed an incomplete opera and other works and acknowledged only 13 completed songs, including "L'Invitation au voyage," "Phidylé," "Testament," and "Extase," as his lifetime oeuvre. Almost all the songs, universally admired, were originally for voice and piano; he later orchestrated eight of them

Marie-François- Sadi Carnot

born Aug. 11, 1837, Limoges, France died June 24, 1894, Lyon French politician. Grandson of Lazare Carnot and son of Sadi Carnot, he worked as a government engineer before turning to politics. After serving as minister of public works (1880-81) and finance (1885-87), he was elected in 1887 as fourth president of the Third Republic. He competently handled the plots by Georges Boulanger, anarchist agitation, and the Panama Canal scandals, and retained his popularity through 10 different governments but was assassinated in 1894 by an Italian anarchist

Marie-François- Xavier Bichat

born Nov. 11/14, 1771, Thoirette, Fra. died July 22, 1802, Lyon French anatomist and physiologist. In addition to bedside observations of patients, he conducted autopsies to study the changes disease causes in various organs. With no knowledge of the cell as the functional unit of living things, Bichat was among the first to see the organs of the body as being formed through the specialization of simple, functional units (tissues). Without using a microscope, he distinguished 21 kinds of tissues that, in different combinations, form the organs of the body. His systematic study of human tissues helped create the science of histology

Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat marquis de Condorcet

born Sept. 17, 1743, Ribemont, France found dead March 29, 1794, Bourg-la-Reine French mathematician, statesman, and revolutionary. He showed early promise as a mathematician and was a protégé of Jean Le Rond d'Alembert. In 1777 he became secretary of the Academy of Sciences. In sympathy with the French Revolution, he was elected to represent Paris in the Legislative Assembly (1791-92), where he called for a republic. His opposition to the arrest of the moderate Girondins led to his being outlawed (1792). While in hiding he wrote his famous Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind, in which he advanced the idea of the continuous progress of the human race to an ultimate perfection. He was captured and subsequently found dead in prison

Marie-Joseph- Pierre Teilhard de Chardin

born May 1, 1881, Sarcenat, France died April 10, 1955, New York, N.Y., U.S. French philosopher and paleontologist. Ordained a Jesuit priest in 1911, he taught geology from 1918 at the Institut Catholique in Paris. In 1929 he directed the excavations at the Peking man site at Zhoukoudian. This and other geological work won him high honours, though it came to be disapproved of by the Jesuit order. His philosophy was strongly informed by his scientific work, which he believed helped prove the existence of God. He is known for his theory that mankind is evolving, mentally and socially, toward a final spiritual unity that he called the Omega point. Though his major philosophical works, The Divine Milieu (1957) and The Phenomenon of Man (1955), were written in the 1920s and '30s, their publication in his lifetime was forbidden by the Jesuits

Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch-Gilbert du Motier marquis de Lafayette

born Sept. 6, 1757, Chavaniac, France died May 20, 1834, Paris French military leader. Born to an ancient noble family of great wealth, he was a courtier at the court of Louis XVI but sought glory as a soldier. In 1777 he went to America, was appointed a major general, became a close friend of George Washington, and fought with distinction at the Battle of the Brandywine. He returned to France in 1779, persuaded Louis to send a 6,000-man force to aid the colonists, and returned to America in 1780 to command an army in Virginia and help win the Siege of Yorktown. Hailed as "the Hero of Two Worlds," he returned to France in 1782, became a leader of liberal aristocrats, and was elected to the Estates General in 1789. He presented the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen to the National Assembly. Elected commander of the national guard of Paris, he sought to protect the king, favouring a constitutional monarchy. When his guards fired on a crowd of petitioners in the Champ de Mars (1791), he lost popularity and resigned his position. He commanded the army against Austria (1792), then defected to the Austrians, who held him captive until 1797. Returning to France, Lafayette became a gentleman farmer. In the Bourbon Restoration, he served in the Chamber of Deputies (1814-24) and commanded the national guard in the July Revolution (1830)

Marie-Louise

German Maria-Luise born Dec. 12, 1791, Vienna, Austria died Dec. 17, 1847, Parma Austrian archduchess and second wife of Napoleon. The eldest daughter of Emperor Francis II, she was married to Napoleon (1810) and gave birth to his long-desired heir, the future Napoleon II, in 1811. When Napoleon abdicated (1814), Marie-Louise returned to Vienna with their son. She ignored Napoleon's entreaties to join him in exile and again after his return to France (1815). Made duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816), she ruled in accordance with Austrian prescriptions. After Napoleon's death (1821), she contracted morganatic marriages with Adam Adalbert, count von Neipperg, who died in 1829, and in 1834 with Charles René, count de Bombelles

marie antoinette

queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular; her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)

Maurice Polydore-Marie-Bernard Maeterlinck

later Comte Maeterlinck born Aug. 29, 1862, Ghent, Belg. died May 6, 1949, Nice, France Belgian playwright and poet. He studied law in Ghent but soon turned to writing poems and plays. His Pelléas et Mélisande (1892), considered the masterpiece of Symbolist drama (see Symbolist movement), was the basis of Claude Debussy's opera (1902). In his Symbolist plays, Maeterlinck used poetic speech, gesture, lighting, setting, and ritual to create images that reflect his protagonists' moods and dilemmas. His other writings include a collection of Symbolist poems (Hothouses, 1899) and plays such as Monna Vanna (1902), The Blue Bird (1908), and The Burgomaster of Stilmonde (1918). He was also noted for his popular treatments of scientific subjects, including The Life of the Bee (1901) and The Intelligence of Flowers (1907). Maeterlinck was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1911

Maximilien François-Marie-Isidore de Robespierre

born May 6, 1758, Arras, France died July 28, 1794, Paris French revolutionary. A successful lawyer in Arras (1781-89), he was elected to the National Assembly (1789), where he became notorious as an outspoken radical in favour of individual rights. He became a leading member of the Montagnards in the National Convention. After calling for the death of Louis XVI, he led the Jacobins (see Jacobin Club) and the Committee of Public Safety (1793) in establishing the Reign of Terror, during which, as virtual dictator of France, he had former friends such as Georges Danton executed. Despite earlier support from the people of Paris, who called him "the Incorruptible," he lost his dominating authority and was overthrown and guillotined in the Thermidorian Reaction. Often regarded as a bloodthirsty dictator, he was later valued for his social ideals of reducing inequality and ensuring work for all

Anne Marie

A female given name

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

Any of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disorders

Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

Describes any of various genetic disorders whose primary symptom is peripheral neuropathy

Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy.

Mari

An ancient Sumerian and Amorite city, modern-day Tell Hariri, Syria

Mari

A Finno-Ugric language spoken by the Mari people in the Mari Republic

bain-marie

in cooking, a large pan containing hot water, into which other smaller pans are set in order to cook food slowly, or to keep food warm

bain-marie

A bain-marie (pronounced: [bɛ̃ maʁi]; also known as a water bath in English, Italian: bagno maria, [ˈbaɲːo maˈɾia], or Spanish: baño maría) is a French term for a piece of equipment used in science, industry, and cooking to heat materials gently and gradually to fixed temperatures, or to keep materials warm over a period of time

Albert -Charles-Paul-Marie Roussel

born April 5, 1869, Tourcoing, France died Aug. 23, 1937, Royan French composer. He served as a midshipman for seven years before making music his career, and he studied for 10 years at Paris's Schola Cantorum. His early music was much influenced by his teacher Vincent d'Indy. His opera-ballet Padmavati (1918), with its Indian scales, won enthusiasm from younger composers; his other important works include the ballets The Spider's Feast (1913) and Bacchus et Ariane (1930) and the Third Symphony (1930). His music is notable for its lyrical fervour, austerity of technique, and harmonic audacity

André Marie Ampère

{i} (1775-1836) French physicist who is one of the chief discoverers of electromagnetism

Annelies Marie Frank

born June 12, 1929, Frankfurt am Main, Ger. died March 1945, Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, near Hannover German diarist. Frank was a young Jewish girl who kept a record of the two years her family spent in hiding in Amsterdam to escape Nazi persecution. After their discovery by the Gestapo in 1944, the family was transported to concentration camps; Anne died of typhus at Bergen-Belsen. Friends searching the hiding place found her diary, which her father published as The Diary of a Young Girl (1947). Precocious in style and insight, it traces her emotional growth amid adversity and is a classic of war literature

Auguste-Marie-Joseph- Jean Jaurès

born Sept. 3, 1859, Castres, France died July 31, 1914, Paris French socialist leader. He served in the Chamber of Deputies (1885-89, 1893-98, 1902-14) and at first adopted the ideas of Alexandre Millerand. After 1899 the socialists split into two groups, and Jaurès headed the French Socialist Party, advocating reconciliation with the state. In the newspaper L'Humanité, which he cofounded in 1904, he espoused democratic socialism, but when the Second International (1904) rejected his position he acquiesced. In 1905 the two French socialist parties united, and his authority continued to grow. On the eve of World War I, he espoused peace through arbitration and championed Franco-German rapprochement, which earned him the hatred of French nationalists, and he was assassinated in 1914 by a young nationalist fanatic. He wrote several books, including the influential Socialist History of the French Revolution (1901-07)

Charles -Marie-Photius Maurras

born April 20, 1868, Martigues, France died Nov. 16, 1952, Tours French writer and political theorist. In 1891 he cofounded a group of poets opposed to the Symbolist movement and later known as the école romane. An ardent monarchist, he cofounded L'Action Française (1899), a review whose "integral nationalism" promoted the idea of the supremacy of the state; it became the party organ of the reactionary Action Française. He also wrote philosophical short stories and poetry. During World War II he was a strong supporter of the government of Philippe Pétain, for which he was imprisoned (1945-52)

Christine Marie Evert

formerly Chris Evert Lloyd born Dec. 21, 1954, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., U.S. U.S. tennis player. She became in 1971 the youngest player to reach the semifinals of the U.S. championship. She won the U.S. Open women's singles six times (1975-78, 1980, 1982) and repeatedly won the Wimbledon singles (1974, 1976, 1981), the French Open singles (1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1986), and the Australian Open singles (1982, 1984), for a total of 18 grand-slam titles. She retired in 1989

Dame Marie Rambert

orig. Cyvia Rambam born Feb. 20, 1888, Warsaw, Pol., Russian Empire died June 12, 1982, London, Eng. Polish-born English ballet producer and director. She studied with the musician Émile Jaques-Dalcroze and taught his technique, eurythmics, to the Paris-based Ballets Russes, influencing Vaslav Nijinsky's avant-garde choreography. At the outbreak of World War I, she moved to London, where she studied ballet with Enrico Cecchetti (1850-1928); in 1920 she founded a ballet school that used his methods. In 1930 she helped found the Camargo Society and established the Ballet Club (later Ballet Rambert). As director of Ballet Rambert, she favoured experimentation, encouraging young choreographers such as Frederick Ashton and supporting new dancers and stage designers. Her troupe, renamed the Rambert Dance Company in 1987, has continued to perform

Dame Marie Tempest

orig. Marie Susan Etherington born July 15, 1864, London, Eng. died Oct. 15, 1942, London British actress. She began her career as an operetta singer, winning acclaim for her charming and high-spirited performances in Dorothy (1887) and touring the U.S. and Canada in the early 1890s in operettas such as The Bohemian Girl and The Pirates of Penzance. Turning to straight comedy in 1899, she appeared notably in English Nell (1900), Mrs. Dot (1908), and Hay Fever (1925)

Emmuska Magdalena Rosalia Marie Josepha Barbara Baroness Orczy

born Sept. 23, 1865, Tarnaörs, Hung. died Nov. 12, 1947, London, Eng. Hungarian-born British novelist. The daughter of a noted musician, she was educated in Brussels and Paris and studied art in London. She became famous as the author of The Scarlet Pimpernel (1905), a swashbuckling adventure set in the era of the French Revolution. Her sequels did not match its great popular success. She also wrote detective stories

Ferdinand -Marie viscount de Lesseps

born Nov. 19, 1805, Versailles, France died Dec. 7, 1894, La Chenaie, near Guilly French diplomat, builder of the Suez Canal. A career diplomat, he held posts in Egypt and elsewhere until 1849. In 1854 he was authorized by the viceroy of Egypt to build a canal across the isthmus of the Suez. He organized a company in 1858, with half its capital from French people, and construction began at Port Said in 1859. The Suez Canal was officially inaugurated in 1869. In 1879 Lesseps organized another company to build a Panama canal, but he gave up the project because of political and economic difficulties. He was prosecuted but cleared of charges of misappropriating funds, though French government members were accused of bribe taking

Francois Marie Arouet de Voltaire

{i} (1694-1778) eighteenth century French writer and philosopher, central figure in the Enlightenment

Francois Marie Charles Fourier

{i} Charles Fourier (1772-1837), French utopian socialist and reformer

François -Maurice-Marie Mitterrand

born Oct. 26, 1916, Jarnac, France died Jan. 8, 1996, Paris President of France (1981-95). After serving in World War II, he was elected to the National Assembly (1946) and held cabinet posts in 11 Fourth Republic governments (1947-58). Moving to the political left, he opposed Charles de Gaulle's government and ran unsuccessfully against him in 1965 but won 32% of the vote. In 1971 he became secretary of the French Socialist Party and made it the majority party of the left, which led to his election as president in 1981. With a leftist majority in the National Assembly, he introduced radical economic reforms, which were modified when a right-wing majority regained power in 1986. Reelected president in 1988, he strongly promoted European integration. His domestic policy was less successful, and France experienced high unemployment. In 1991 he appointed Edith Cresson (b. 1934) prime minister, the first French woman to hold that office (1991-92). A defeat for the Socialists in the legislative elections of 1993 further moderated Mitterrand's policies

François-Marie- Charles Fourier

born April 7, 1772, Besançon, France died Oct. 10, 1837, Paris French social theorist. He advocated a reconstruction of society based on communal associations of producers known as phalanges (phalanxes). His system became known as Fourierism. He felt that phalanges would distribute wealth more equitably than would capitalism and that they would contribute both to a cooperative lifestyle and to individual self-fulfillment. After inheriting his mother's estate in 1812, he devoted himself to writing and refining his theories. Cooperative settlements based on Fourierism were started in France and the U.S., including Brook Farm

Georges -Ernest-Jean-Marie Boulanger

born April 29, 1837, Rennes, France died Sept. 30, 1891, Brussels, Belg. French general and politician. He entered the army in 1856, helped suppress the Paris Commune (1871), and rose in rank to brigadier general (1880) and director of infantry (1882). Named minister of war in 1886, he introduced various military reforms and was seen as the man destined to avenge France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. In 1888 he led a short-lived but influential authoritarian movement that threatened to topple the Third Republic. In 1889 the government decided to prosecute him, prompting him to flee Paris. He was convicted in absentia for treason, and in 1891 he committed suicide

Henri -Marie-Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec -Monfa

born Nov. 24, 1864, Albi, France died Sept. 9, 1901, Malromé French painter and graphic artist. Born to an old aristocratic family, he developed his interest in art during lengthy convalescence after both his legs were fractured in separate accidents (1878, 1879) that left them permanently stunted and made walking difficult. In 1881 he resolved to become an artist; after taking instruction, he established a studio in the Montmartre district of Paris in 1884 and began his lifelong association with the area's cafés, cabarets, entertainers, and artists. He captured the effect of the movement of dancers, circus performers, and other entertainers by simplifying outlines and juxtaposing intense colours; the result was an art throbbing with life and energy. His lithographs were among his most powerful works, and his memorable posters helped define the possibilities of the genre. His pieces are often sharply satirical, but he was also capable of great sympathy, seen most poignantly in his studies of prostitutes (e.g., At the Salon, 1896). His extraordinary style helped set the course of avant-garde art for decades to come. A heavy drinker, he died at 36

Henry -Marie-Joseph-Millon de Montherlant

born April 21, 1896, Paris, France died Sept. 21, 1972, Paris French novelist and dramatist. Born into a noble family, he wrote stylistically concise works that reflect his own egocentric and autocratic personality. His major work of fiction is a cycle of four novels (1936-39) translated as The Girls, which describes the relationship between a libertine novelist and his adoring female victims. In the 1940s he turned to theatre; his best dramatic works include Malatesta (1946), Port-Royal (1954), and La Guerre civile (1965)

Hugo Marie de Vries

v. born Feb. 16, 1848, Haarlem, Neth. died May 21, 1935, near Amsterdam Dutch botanist and geneticist. He taught at the University of Amsterdam (1878-1918), where he introduced the experimental study of organic evolution. His rediscovery in 1900 (simultaneously with Carl Erich Correns and Erich Tschermak von Seysenegg) of Gregor Mendel's principles of heredity and his own theory of biological mutation explained concepts about the nature of variation of species that made possible the universal acceptance and active investigation of Charles Darwin's theory of organic evolution. De Vries discovered and named the phenomenon known as mutation, and he also contributed to knowledge of the role of osmosis in plant physiology. See also William Bateson

Isidore- Auguste -Marie-François-Xavier Comte

born Jan. 19, 1798, Montpellier, France died Sept. 5, 1857, Paris French thinker, the philosophical founder of sociology and of positivism. A disciple of Henri de Saint-Simon, he taught at the École Polytechnique (1832-42) but gave free lectures to workingmen. He gave the science of sociology its name and established the new subject on a conceptual (though not empirical) basis, believing that social phenomena could be reduced to laws just as natural phenomena could. His ideas influenced John Stuart Mill (who supported him financially for many years), Émile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer, and Edward Burnett Tylor. His most important works are Cours de philosophie positive (6 vol., 1830-42) and Système de politique positive (4 vol., 1851-54)

Jean -Marie-Gabriel de Lattre de Tassigny

born Feb. 2, 1889, Mouilleron-en-Pareds, France died Jan. 11, 1952, Paris French military leader. After service in World War I and later in Morocco, he was promoted to general in 1939. An infantry division commander in World War II, he was imprisoned by the Germans (1940-43), but he escaped to North Africa. In 1944 he led the French army in the Allied landing operations in southern France and in the drive across France into southern Germany and Austria. He represented France at the signing of the German capitulation (1945). In 1950-51 he commanded French troops in the First Indochina War against the Viet Minh. He was made a marshal of France posthumously

Jean -Marie-Lucien-Pierre Anouilh

born June 23, 1910, Bordeaux, France died Oct. 3, 1987, Lausanne, Switz. French playwright. After studying law, he wrote his first play, The Ermine (1932), followed by the successful Traveler Without Luggage (1937). He is best remembered for Antigone (1944), The Lark (1953), and Becket (1959), in which he used techniques such as the play within the play, flashbacks and flash-forwards, and the exchange of roles. A skillful exponent of the well-made play, he rejected naturalism and realism in favour of a return to theatricalism

Jean Marie Le Pen

leader of the French National Front (extreme-right nationalistic party)

Jean-Marie Le Pen

born June 20, 1928, La Trinité, France French nationalist politician. He was elected in 1956 to the National Assembly as its youngest member. Le Pen helped to found the National Front in 1972, becoming the party's leader later that year. The party emphasized the threat to France posed by immigration, particularly of Arabs from France's former North African colonies. The party also opposed European integration, favoured the reintroduction of capital punishment, and sought prohibitions on the building of additional mosques in France. Le Pen ran several times for the presidency; though he captured less than 1% of the vote in 1974, in 1988 and 1995 he won some 15%. In the presidential election of 2002 Le Pen finished second in the first round of voting, winning 18%, though he was easily defeated in the second round by Jacques Chirac. Le Pen was widely regarded as the leader of French neofascism, and his National Front party constituted the main right-wing opposition to the country's mainstream conservative parties from the 1970s through the turn of the 21st century

Joseph -Marie-Auguste Caillaux

born March 30, 1863, Le Mans, France died Nov. 22, 1944, Mamers French politician. Serving several times as minister of finance, he was an early but unsuccessful advocate of a national income tax. He was named premier in 1911 but was forced to resign after negotiating a controversial treaty with Germany over the second of the Moroccan crises. Later his opposition to World War I and friendship with German agents led to conviction on charges of corresponding with the enemy. Granted amnesty in 1924, he was later elected to the Senate and became head of the Commission of Finance (1927-40)

Joseph-Marie Jacquard

born July 7, 1752, Lyon, Fr. died Aug. 7, 1834, Oullins French inventor. In 1801 he demonstrated an automatic loom incorporating revolutionary new technology; it was declared public property in 1806, and Jacquard was rewarded with a pension and a royalty on each machine. His loom utilized interchangeable punched cards that controlled the weaving of the cloth so that any desired pattern could be obtained automatically. The Jacquard loom's technology became the basis of the modern automatic loom and a precursor of the modern computer. His punched cards were adapted by Charles Babbage as an input/output medium for his proposed analytical engine and by Herman Hollerith to feed data to his census machine, and punched cards were used for inputting data into early digital computers

Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina

born April 30, 1909, The Hague, Netherlands died March 20, 2004, Baarn Queen of The Netherlands (1948-80). During World War II she took refuge in Ottawa while her husband, Prince Bernhard, remained with Queen Wilhelmina's government, which had relocated to London. Returning to The Netherlands in 1945, Juliana acted as regent during her mother's illness and became queen when Wilhelmina abdicated. In 1980 she abdicated in favour of her daughter Beatrix

Kirsten Marie Flagstad

born July 12, 1895, Hamar, Nor. died Dec. 7, 1962, Oslo Norwegian soprano. Born to musician parents, she made her operatic debut in 1913. In 1934 she sang Sieglinde in Die Walküre and Gutrune in Götterdämmerung at Bayreuth. Recognized as the greatest Wagnerian soprano of her generation, she made her Metropolitan Opera debut in 1935. With New York as her base, she toured widely until 1941, returning to Norway to be with her husband, a member of Vidkun Quisling's government. Though cleared of charges of collaboration with the Germans, her later U.S. appearances were controversial. She was the first director of the Royal Norwegian Opera (1958-60)

Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton

born May 26, 1716, Montbard, Côte d'Or, Fr. died Jan. 1, 1800, Paris French naturalist. A prolific scientist, he completed many zoological descriptions and dissections and undertook productive studies in the comparative anatomy of recent and fossil animals, plant physiology, and mineralogy. He introduced Merino sheep to France

Mari

A Volga-Finnic people in the Volga region

Paul -Louis-Charles-Marie Claudel

born Aug. 6, 1868, Villeneuve-sur-Fère, France died Feb. 23, 1955, Paris French poet, playwright, and diplomat. He converted to Catholicism at age

Paul -Louis-Charles-Marie Claudel

His brilliant diplomatic career began in 1892, and he eventually served as ambassador to Japan (1921-27) and the U.S. (1927-33). At the same time he pursued a literary career, expressing in poetry and drama his conception of the grand design of creation. He reached his largest audience through plays such as Break of Noon (1906), The Hostage (1911), Tidings Brought to Mary (1912), and his masterpiece, The Satin Slipper (1929); recurring themes in these works are human and divine love and the search for salvation. He wrote the librettos for Darius Milhaud's opera Christopher Columbus (1930) and Arthur Honegger's oratorio Joan of Arc (1938). His best-known poetic work is the confessional Five Great Odes (1910)

Paul -Marie Verlaine

v. born March 30, 1844, Metz, France died Jan. 8, 1896, Paris French lyric poet. After entering the civil service, he was first associated with the Parnassian poets, contributing to the first volume of the anthology Le Parnasse contemporain (1866). His early collections, Poèmes saturniens (1866), Fêtes galantes (1869), La Bonne chanson (1870), and Romances sans paroles (1874), show the intense lyricism and musicality that would mark all his verse. His marriage was shattered by his infatuation with Arthur Rimbaud, and the two scandalized Paris with their behaviour in 1872-73. While in prison in Belgium (1873-75) for shooting Rimbaud when the latter threatened to leave him, he converted to Catholicism and probably composed the famous "Art poétique," adopted in 1882 by the poets of the Symbolist movement. Sagesse (1880) expresses his religious faith and his emotional odyssey. He later taught French and English; he spent his late years in poverty, but just before his death he was sponsored for a major international lecture tour. His Les Poètes maudits (1884; "The Accursed Poets") consists of short biographical studies of six poets, including Stéphane Mallarmé and Rimbaud. He is regarded as the third great member (with Charles Baudelaire and Mallarmé) of the so-called Decadents

Paul-Marie-Theodore- Vincent d' Indy

v. born March 27, 1851, Paris, France died Dec. 1, 1931, Paris French composer and teacher. Trained in organ and composition, he rejected the prevailing French style as frivolous by comparison with the German musical tradition. He wrote several important stage works, including Fervaal (1895) and The Legend of Saint Christopher (1915), but orchestral works such as Symphony on a French Mountain Air (1886), Summer Day in the Mountains (1905), and Istar (1896) remain better known. In 1894 he cofounded the music academy called the Schola Cantorum in Paris, where many of France's foremost composers and musicians would be trained

Pierre -Marie Poujade

born Dec. 1, 1920, Saint-Céré, France died Aug. 27, 2003, La Bastide-l'Évêque French political leader. The owner of a bookstore in Saint-Céré, in 1953 he organized a local shopkeepers' strike to protest high taxation. Expanding his activities to other towns, he enrolled 800,000 members in his Union for the Defense of Tradesmen and Artisans. His right-wing movement, known as Poujadism, attracted discontented farmers and merchants; in 1956 it won 52 seats in the National Assembly. Poujade's influence soon waned, but in the 1970s he founded an organization for nonunion workers

Sault Sainte Marie

City (pop., 2000: 16,542), eastern Upper Peninsula, Michigan, U.S. Located on the rapids of the St. Marys River between Lakes Superior and Huron, it is linked to its Canadian twin city, Sault Sainte Marie, Ont. (pop., 2001: 74,566), by road and rail bridges. The U.S. and Canada each operate a part of the Sault Sainte Marie Canals, or Soo Canals, a hub of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. The first U.S. canal went into operation in 1855; it has since been replaced and is now divided into the northern canal (completed 1919) and the southern canal (completed 1896). The Canadian canal, which has one lock, was completed in 1895

Simone Lucie-Ernestine-Marie-Bertrand de Beauvoir

born Jan. 9, 1908, Paris, France died April 14, 1986, Paris French writer and feminist. As a student at the Sorbonne, she met Jean-Paul Sartre, with whom she formed a lifelong intellectual and romantic bond. She is known primarily for her treatise The Second Sex (1949), a scholarly and passionate plea for the abolition of what she called the myth of the "eternal feminine"; the book became a classic of feminist literature. She also wrote four admired volumes of autobiography (1958-72), philosophical works that explore themes of existentialism, and fiction, notably The Mandarins (1954, Prix Goncourt). The Coming of Age (1970) is a bitter reflection on society's indifference to the elderly

Vestris Marie-Jean- Auguste

born March 27, 1760, Paris, Fr. died Dec. 5, 1842, Paris French ballet dancer. He was trained by his father, Gaétan Vestris, before making his formal debut in 1776. His dazzlingly athletic dancing set a new style of ballet. In his last years he was a revered teacher

Victor -Marie Hugo

With his verse drama Cromwell (1827), he emerged as an important figure in Romanticism. The production of his poetic tragedy Hernani (1830) was a victory for Romantics over traditional classicists in a well-known literary battle. His later plays included Le Roi s'amuse (1832) and Ruy Blas (1838). His best-known novels are The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831), an evocation of medieval life, and Les Misérables (1862), the story of the convict Jean Valjean; their huge popularity made him at that time the most successful writer in the world. In later life he was a politician and political writer. He spent the years 1851-70 in exile for his republican views, producing his most extensive and original works, including Les Châtiments (1853), poems of political satire; Les Contemplations (1856); and the first installment of The Legend of the Centuries (1859, 1877, 1883). He was made a senator in 1876, and he was buried in the Panthéon as a national hero

Victor -Marie Hugo

born Feb. 26, 1802, Besançon, France died May 22, 1885, Paris French poet, dramatist, and novelist. The son of a general, he was an accomplished poet before age

bain marie

a pan that floats in a larger pan full of water, used for cooking things gently

bain-marie

a large pan that is filled with hot water; smaller pans can be set in a bain-maire to keep food warm or to cook food slowly

bain-marie

vessel containing hot water in which another pot is placed to heat its contents

charcot-marie-tooth disease

a form of neuropathy that can begin between childhood and young adulthood; characterized by weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the hands and lower legs; progression is slow and individuals affected can have a normal life span; inheritance is X-linkedrecessive or X-linked dominant

mari

the Finnic language spoken by the Cheremis people

mari

the ball base that is the center core of a Temari (can be premade - styro - or made by hand)

mari

npr Mary

mari

An ancient Near Eastern city located on the Middle Euphrates River near the boundary of modern Syria and Iraq Destroyed by Hammurabi of Babylon (c 1738-1686 b c e ), Mari's royal palace has yielded thousands of clay tablets that preserve a rich array of information about the Mari period (c 1750-1697 b c e )

mari

a member of a rural Finnish people living in eastern Russia

sault sainte marie

a town of southern Ontario opposite northern Michigan

viscount de Hauteclocque Philippe-Marie

orig. Philippe-Marie, viscount de Hauteclocque born Nov. 22, 1902, Belloy-Saint-Leonard, France died Nov. 28, 1947, Colomb-Bechar, Alg. French general in World War II. He was captured by the Germans in 1939, but escaped to England, where he took the pseudonym Leclerc to protect his family and joined the Free French forces of Charles de Gaulle. He achieved a number of military victories in French Equatorial Africa and North Africa, and in 1944 he commanded a French division in the Normandy Invasion. On August 25 he received the surrender of the German commander in Paris. He died in an airplane accident and was posthumously named marshal of France

الواصلة

Ma·rie

التركية النطق

mıri

النطق

/mərˈē/ /mɜrˈiː/

علم أصول الكلمات

() The French equivalent of Mary; also an obsolete Middle English spelling of Mary.

فيديوهات

... Hi Katy, it's Marie. ...