light

الإنجليزية - التركية

تعريف light في الإنجليزية التركية القاموس.

{i} aydınlık

Burası okumak için yeterince aydınlık değil. - It's not light enough in here to read.

Henüz sabahın beşiydi ama yine de aydınlıktı. - It's just five in the morning, but nevertheless it is light out.

Dün gece yatakta kitap okurken, ışık açıkken uykuya dalmışım. - While I was reading in bed last night, I fell asleep with the light on.

Lütfen gittiğinizde ışıkları kapatınız. - Please turn out the lights when you leave.

{i} nur

Gözümde nursun ...ve başımda tacın. - You're the light of my eyes ... and crown of my head.

hafif

O şimdi iyi; ne çok ağır ne de çok hafif. - It's good now; neither too heavy nor too light.

Onu hafife almasan iyi olur. - You'd better not make light of him.

(isim) Işık

Işık yılı, ışığın bir yılda gittiği mesafedir. - A lightyear is the distance that light travels in one year.

Dün gece yatakta kitap okurken, ışık açıkken uykuya dalmışım. - While I was reading in bed last night, I fell asleep with the light on.

{s} ince

Yeni dizüstü bilgisayarım eskisinden daha ince ve daha hafif. - My new laptop is thinner and lighter than my old one.

Bu dizüstü bilgisayar ince ve hafif. - This laptop is thin and light.

{f} yakmak

Bir mum yakmak karanlığı lanetlemekten daha iyidir. - It is better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.

{f} aydınlanmak

{s} açık

Çiti Tom'a açık yeşile boyattık. - We had Tom paint the fence light green.

Dün gece yatakta kitap okurken, ışık açıkken uykuya dalmışım. - While I was reading in bed last night, I fell asleep with the light on.

{i} ışık veren şey: Turn off the lights. Lambaları kapatın

ateş

Sigaran ve ateşin var mı? - Have you got a cigarette and a light?

Tom tüm kibriti tüketti bu yüzden ateşi yakamadı. - Tom ran out of matches so he couldn't light the fire.

fayrap etmek

açık renk

(Dilbilim) hafif vurgulu

çırağ

ışıldamak

az bagajla

(Gıda) kibrit yakmak

Yükü hafifletmek zorundayız. - We have to lighten the load.

ateş (sigara vb için)

çakmak yakmak

(Sanat) ışıklamak

hafifçe

Tom Mary'yi yanağından hafifçe öptü. - Tom kissed Mary lightly on the cheek.

Her zaman hafifçe giyinirim. - I dress lightly all the time.

ışıklı

Bu ayakkabılar ışıklı. - These shoes have lights in them.

far

Doğru kelime ve doğruya yakın kelime arasındaki fark şimşek ve ateş böceği arasındaki farktır. - The difference between the right word and almost the right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug.

Tom otomobilin sis farlarını açtı. - Tom turned on the car's fog lights.

Genellikle az eşya ile seyahat etmeye çalışırım. - I usually try to travel light.

tutuşmak

az yükle

güneş ışığı

Bir güneş tutulması ay güneş ışığını engellediği zaman olur. - A solar eclipse is when the Moon blocks the light from the Sun.

Hayat yağmur ve güneş ışığı, kar ve ısı, gök gürültüsü ve şimşek ve de kış ve yazdan oluşur. - Life consists of rain and sunshine, of snow and heat, of thunder and lightning, and of winter and summer.

Sevilmek, tüketilmektir. Sevmek tükenmez yağ ile ışık vermektir. Sevilmek, varlığı durdurmak, sevmek katlanmaktır. - To be loved is to be consumed. To love is to give light with inexhaustible oil. To be loved is to stop existing, to love is to endure.

parlak

Parlak ışık Markku'yu rahatsız etti. - The bright light disturbed Markku.

Şimdi şehrin ışıkları parlak ve çok yakın ve sokak lambaları bütün gece parladı. - Now the lights of the city were bright and very close, and the streetlights shone all night.

fazla yük almayarak

pırıltı

Karanlık pencereden gelen bir ışık pırıltısı vardı. - There was a glimmer of light from the dark window.

sevinç ya da heyecan pırıltısı

{f} yak

Tom tüm kibriti tüketti bu yüzden ateşi yakamadı. - Tom ran out of matches so he couldn't light the fire.

Lütfen bir mum yakın. - Please light a candle.

Lambanın ışığı siste parıldıyordu. - The light of the lamp glimmered in the fog.

Kırmızı lamba tehlike halinde yanar. - The red lamp lights up in case of danger.

gün ışığı

Gün ışığı ortalığı aydınlatır, acılar da ruhu. - Sun lights the landscape, pain illuminates the soul.

Fadıl'ın yıkıcı kaderi sonunda gün ışığına çıktı. - Fadil's devastating fate finally came to light.

(kibrit/çakmak/vb.) ateş

{s} iyi mayalanmış

{i} çakmak

Bu resmi çakmakla yak. - Burn this picture with a lighter.

O, bir çakmakla oynuyordu. - He was playing with a lighter.

lightness

{i} hafiflik

light brown

(Tekstil) açık kahverengi ( açık kestane rengi )

(deyim) coşturmak

(Askeri) hafif rüzgar

light at the end of the tunnel

(Konuşma Dili) tünelin ucundaki ışık

light box

ışık kabini

light box

(Pisikoloji, Ruhbilim) ışık kutusu

light bulb

elektrik lambası

light drizzle (of rain)

ahmak ıslatan

light on

(deyim) takılıp kalmak

light on

(deyim) saplanmak

light on

(deyim) gözüne ilişmek

light pen

(Bilgisayar) ışıl kalem

light ray

(Fizik) ışın doğultusu

light red

(Bilgisayar) açık kırmızı

Onlar kumaşı açık kırmızıya boyadı. - They dyed the fabric light red.

Yeni Alfa Romeo arabam açık kırmızıdır. - My new Alfa Romeo convertible is light red.

light the fuse of

fitillemek

light the way for

(deyim) coşmak

(deyim) ışıldamak

(deyim) gözüne ilişmek

light upon

(deyim) saplanmak

light weight

(Spor) hafif sıklet

light distribution

light emitting diode

light gathering power

birisine bağırıp çağırmak

light machine gun

hafif makinalı tüfek

light machine gun

Eğer evren yıldızlarla doluysa, neden onların ışığı sürekli olarak tüm evreni aydınlatmıyor? - If the universe is full of stars, why doesn't their light continually light up the entire sky?

Galaksimiz içindeki yıldızlar arasındaki ortalama mesafe yaklaşık 4 ışık yılıdır. - The average distance between stars within our galaxy is about 4 light years.

Bu yıldız beş ışık yılı uzaktadır. - This star is five light years away.

Tom biraz sersemlemiş hissetti. - Tom felt a little light-headed.

light duty vehicle

(Otomotiv) Hafif hizmet taşıtı

light sleeper

Uykusu hafif kimse

light technology

Aydınlatma teknolojisi

Caddeler parlak bir biçimde aydınlatılmış. - The streets are brightly lit.

Sahne her iki taraftan aydınlatılmıştı. - The stage was lit from both sides.

lightly

hafifçe

Her zaman hafifçe giyinirim. - I dress lightly all the time.

Tom Mary'yi yanağından hafifçe öptü. - Tom kissed Mary lightly on the cheek.

lit

{f} yak

İstasyona geri dönüş uzun bir yol olmasına rağmen, eski vagon yavaş yavaş yaklaştı. - Although it was a long way back to the station, little by little the old wagon drew near.

Ben biraz daha erken çıksaydım, son treni yakalardım. - If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the last train.

lighter

{i} yakıcı alet; tutuşturucu şey

lightest

en hafif

Hidrojen en hafif elementtir. - Hydrogen is the lightest element.

التركية - التركية

تعريف light في التركية التركية القاموس.
LÎT: (Osmanlı Dönemi) Ba
LÎT: (Osmanlı Dönemi) Boyunun bir tarafı

الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية

تعريف light في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.: Unchaste, wanton
Long after lay he musing at her mood, / Much grieu'd to thinke that gentle Dame so light, / For whose defence he was to shed his blood.; travelling with no carriages, wagons attached; Unimportant, trivial, having little value or significance
I made some light comment, and we moved on.; Gentle; having little force or momentum
This artist clearly had a light, flowing touch.; Carrying little
I prefer to travel light.; To set fire to
She lit her last match.; To unload a ship, or to jettison material to make it lighter; Spiritual or mental illumination; enlightenment, useful information
Can you throw any light on this problem?.; A notable person within a specific field or discipline
Picasso was one of the leading lights of the cubist movement.; Facts. pieces of information; ideas, concepts
Now these notions are twofold, actions or habits , which are durable lights and notions, which we may use when we will.; The series of squares reserved for the answer to a crossword clue
The average length of a light on a 15x15 grid is 7 or 8.; To start (a fire); To alight
She fell out of the window but luckily lit on her feet.; Low in fat, calories, alcohol, salt, etc
This light beer still gets you drunk if you have enough of it.; Lightly-built; designed for speed or small loads
We took a light aircraft down to the city.; To find by chance
I lit upon a rare book in a second-hand bookseller's.; A cross-light in a double acrostic or triple acrostic; A stone that is not thrown hard enough; Of low weight; not heavy
My bag was much lighter once I had dropped off the books.; The natural medium emanating from the sun and other very hot sources (now recognised as electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 400-750 nm), within which vision is possible
As you can see, this spacious dining-room gets a lot of light in the mornings.; served with extra milk or cream; To illuminate; having light; pale in colour; A flame or something used to create fire
Hey, buddy, you got a light?.; A point of view, or aspect from which a concept, person or thing is regarded
Magoon's governorship in Cuba was viewed in a negative light by many Cuban historians for years thereafter.; A window, or space for a window in architecture
This facade has eight south-facing lights.; A source of illumination
Put that light out!.; {a} bright, not heavy, nimble, airy, trifling; {a} lightly, cheaply, without difficulty; {n} that by which we see or understand, a view; {v} to give light, guide by a light, kindle, ease, rest, fall, come down, get off, meet with; Slight; not important; as, a light error; a device for lighting or igniting fuel or charges or fires; "do you have a light?"; Electromagnetic radiation in the spectral range detectable by the human eye (approx 380 to 720nm); In a strict sense, the region of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be perceived by human vision, i e , the visible spectrum, which is approximately the wavelength range of 0 4 μm to 0 7 μm (188) Note 1: In the laser and optical communications fields, custom and practice have extended usage of the term light to include the much broader portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be handled by the basic optical techniques used for the visible spectrum Note 2: The region embraced by the term light has not been clearly defined, but by convention and usage, is considered to extend from the near-ultraviolet region of approximately 0 3 μm, through the visible region, and into the mid-infrared region to approximately 30 μm; having a spongy or flaky texture; well-leavened; "light pastries"; That which furnishes, or is a source of, light, as the sun, a star, a candle, a lighthouse, etc; intended primarily as entertainment; not serious or profound; "light verse"; "a light comedy"; any device serving as a source of illumination; "he stopped the car and turned off the lights"; Not heavily burdened; not deeply laden; not sufficiently ballasted; as, the ship returned light; The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is detected by the human eye; marked by temperance in indulgence; "abstemious meals"; "a light eater"; "a light smoker"; "ate a light supper"; To start a fire; less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so; "a light pound"; "a scant cup of sugar"; "regularly gives short weight; Having light; not dark or obscure; bright; clear; as, the apartment is light; {s} not heavy; gentle, not forceful; slight; of little quantity; frivolous, superficial, trivial; dizzy; graceful; cheerful; low in calories; To set fire to; to cause to burn; to set burning; to ignite; to kindle; as, to light a candle or lamp; to light the gas; sometimes with up; very thin and insubstantial; "thin paper"; "flimsy voile"; "light summer dresses"; of comparatively little physical weight or density; "a light load"; "magnesium is a light metal--having a specific gravity of 1 74 at 20 degrees C"; of comparatively little physical weight or density; "a light load"; "magnesium is a light metal--having a specific gravity of 1; The power of perception by vision; 74 at 20 degrees C" designed for ease of movement or to carry little weight; "light aircraft"; "a light truck" psychologically light; especially free from sadness or troubles; "a light heart" not great in degree or quantity or number; "a light sentence"; "a light accent"; "casualties were light"; "light snow was falling"; "light misty rain"; "light smoke from the chimney" (physics, chemistry) not having atomic weight greater than average; "light water is ordinary water" of little intensity or power or force; "the light touch of her fingers"; "a light breeze" moving easily and quickly; nimble; "the dancer was light and graceful"; "a lightsome buoyant step"; "walked with a light tripping step" of the military or industry; using (or being) relatively small or light arms or equipment; "light infantry"; "light cavalry"; "light industry"; "light weapons" having a spongy or flaky texture; well-leavened; "light pastries" intended primarily as entertainment; not serious or profound; "light verse"; "a light comedy" having little importance; "losing his job was no light matter" less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so; "a light pound"; "a scant cup of sugar"; "regularly gives short weight; A form of electromagnetic radiation composed of different wavelengths ranging from violet to red that are visible to the naked eye Light is also a means by which energy can be transferred; not great in degree or quantity or number; "a light sentence"; "a light accent"; "casualties were light"; "light snow was falling"; "light misty rain"; "light smoke from the chimney"; weak and likely to lose consciousness; "suddenly felt faint from the pain"; "was sick and faint from hunger"; "felt light in the head"; "a swooning fit"; "light-headed with wine"; "light-headed from lack of sleep"; psychologically light; especially free from sadness or troubles; "a light heart"; an illuminated area; "he stepped into the light"; public awareness; "it brought the scandal to light"; electromagnetic radiation visible to the eye; To give light to; to illuminate; to fill with light; to spread over with light; often with up; (of sleep) easily disturbed; "in a light doze"; "a light sleeper"; "a restless wakeful night"; The range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies detected by the eye, or the wavelength range from about 400 to 750 nanometers It is sometimes extended to include photovoltaic effects and radiation beyond visible limits; A moderately low level of solid material suspended in the coffee beverage Result of fine particles of bean fiber and insoluble proteins present in perceptible amounts; Not burdensome; easy to be lifted, borne, or carried by physical strength; as, a light burden, or load; casual and unrestrained in sexual behavior; "her easy virtue"; "he was told to avoid loose (or light) women"; "wanton behavior"; Lightly; cheaply; 74 at 20 degrees C"; The time during which the light of the sun is visible; day; especially, the dawn of day; having relatively few calories; "diet cola"; "light (or lite) beer"; "lite (or light) mayonnaise"; "a low-cal diet"
light a fire under: To motivate or encourage (someone) to start sooner or move faster
Let me see if I can light a fire under the waiter to get our order sooner.
light air: A light wind with wind speed between 0,3 and 1,5 m/s; a Force 1 wind strength on the Beaufort scale
light as a feather: extremely light, having minimal weight
light at the end of the tunnel: A better situation after long hardship
But by fall 2005, there was light at the end of the tunnel. The team could see the new business processes and financial data governance mechanisms actually being used by Nationwide employees.
light bucket: A reflecting telescope, especially one with a relatively large aperture and suitable for observing deep sky objects such as nebulae and galaxies
light bulb: An evacuated glass bulb containing a metal filament which is heated by electrical resistance to produce light
light bulb joke: Any joke of the form "How many X does it take to change a light bulb?" followed by a witty riposte, usually incorporating a stereotype of "X"
light bulbs: plural form of light bulb
light clay: Straw-clay, a mixture of straw with a dressing of dilute liquid clay or clay slip. This natural material makes use of an agricultural by-product with an abundant component of soil has good insulating qualities but is not suitable for load bearing structural elements
light cone: : In special relativity, the pattern describing the temporal evolution of a flash of light in Minkowski spacetime. This is modeled in 3-space using the two horizontal axes as spatial dimensions, while the vertical axis is time
light cones: plural form of light cone
light cream: A cream at least 18 percent of which is fat
light cream: Pasteurized cream at least 18 percent of which, but less than 30% of which, is milkfat, optionally homogenized, and optionally containing added flavor, nutritive sweetener, emulsifier, or stabilizer
light curve: a graph of the intensity of radiation from an astronomical object as it changes with time
light dependent resistor: A photoresistor
light echo: A phenomenon observed in astronomy. Analogous to an echo of sound
light elves: A daylight dwelling elf or nature spirit (as opposed to the underground dwelling dark elves or dwarves) in Heathenry
light elves: A race of elves who live above ground and are radiant
light engine: a locomotive running on it's own, or with other powered locomotives, with no wagons or carriages attached
light engines: plural form of light engine
light gel: A thin sheet of colored plastic used to affect color temperature of lights when shooting film or video. They are held in front of a light by clipping it to the barn doors using C-47s
light globe: Light bulb. (Aus)
light globe: A nearly evacuated glass globe containing ionized gas, which produces lightning-like patterns when touched
light globes: plural form of light globe
light gun: A device resembling a gun that allows the player of a video game to target a point on the screen
light guns: plural form of light gun
light in the loafers: Gay; homosexual
light industry: Any industry that does not require high capitalization or heavy machinery
light infantry: Ground combat soldiers who are not mechanized, and whose role is harass the enemy in front of the main body of infantry
light into: To attack physically
Father grabbed the two guns and told me to light into the other man. I jumped on him and started choking him..
light into: To attack verbally; scold
He speaks with more passion than ever, lighting into George W. Bush for fumbling the economy.
light meter: an exposure meter
light novel: A Japanese novel primarily targeting young adults, typically illustrated and containing not more than 50,000 words
light novels: plural form of light novel
light out: To seek to escape pursuit by fleeing
The outlaws lit out for the border when the soldiers came.
light out: To run away
As he would hitch it up, the horse would bolt and light out for home.
light panel: a surface that uses electroluminescence to produce light
light pen: A pen-like device allowing a computer user to interact with the screen display
light pens: plural form of light pen
light pollution: An excess of artificial light, especially near urban areas, reducing visibility of stars, etc. in the night sky
light porter: A worker whose duties involve carrying light (i.e., not heavy) packages, as in a bank
light porter: A type of porter ale lighter in color than the typical dark porter
light rail: A kind of rail passenger transport with a dedicated right of way, but crossing streets at grade, usually for commuters, powered by electricity, and with lower construction costs than traditional railroads
The new Denver light rail runs along the Interstate highway.
light rails: plural form of light rail
light roller: The lighter of the rollers used for flattening the pitch between innings
The batting side may decide which of the two rollers to use - the heavy or the light roller.
light rollers: plural form of light roller
light sail: A solar sail
light sails: plural form of light sail
light second: A unit of length equal to the distance light travels in one second
light show: A display of coloured lights that move in shifting patterns
light someone's fire: To excite, to turn on
He’d prowled Houston’s titty bars for more than a decade, and he’d found the one woman who really lit his fire.
light source: A source of illumination
light sources: plural form of light source
light spectrum: the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to humans
light spectrum: an extension of the human-visible spectrum to include near-visible wavelengths, primarily near infrared
light speed: The speed of light
light switch: A switch, usually one on a wall in a building, used to turn on or off the light
light switches: plural form of light switch
light up: To become light, to brighten
He saw Mary and his face lit up.
light up: To make happy
It lights me up, make me happy. Sometimes I go home, go in my room and cry with joy,said Hudson smiling.
light up: To bring light to something, to brighten
The deafening claps of thunder and the dazzling flashes of lightning which lit up the ghastly scene testified that the artillery of heaven had lent its supernatural pomp to the already gruesome spectacle.
light up: To light a cigarette, pipe, etc
Smoking in this building is not allowed, so I always step outside to light up.
light water: Water in its standard form of H2O, containing two protium hydrogen atoms, as opposed to heavy water
light year: (in plural light years; figurative, informal, nonstandard) A very long time
Some of Leonardo da Vinci’s inventions were light years ahead of their time.
light year: (in plural light years; figurative, informal) A very long way
The marathon runner in the lead is light years ahead of the one at the back.
light year: A unit of length (abbreviation ly; equal to just under 10 trillion kilometres (1016 metres)) equal to the distance light travels in one year; used to measure extremely large distances
light years: plural form of light year
light-bulb: Attributive form of light bulb
light-bulb joke.
light-duty vehicle: any motor vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) or less
light-emitting diode: a rectifying semiconductor device which converts electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength in or near the visible spectrum of light
light-emitting diodes: plural form of light-emitting diode
light-fingered: Given to thievery. Given to shoplifting
light-footed: Fleet, swift, not plodding, capable of running spritely
light-footed: Simple past tense and past participle of light-foot, ran
We light-footed it out of there before we were caught.
light-headedness: The property of feeling lightheaded; dizzyness or faintness
The light-headedness passed once I lay down.
light-minded: Not given to heavy thoughts or thinking, frivolous, not serious
light-scattering photometry: any optical method used to measure the extent of the scattering of light by suspended particles or by macromolecules
light-year: An alternative spelling of light year
light-hearted: free from care
light bulb: object made from a metal base and glass case (produces light when an electrical current is passed through it)
lighted: Simple past tense and past participle of light
lighter: To transfer cargo or fuel from a ship, lightening it to make its draft less or to make it easier to refloat
lighter: A small, reusable, handheld device for creating fire, especially for lighting cigarettes
Cigarette in mouth, he clutched his pockets in search of a lighter.
lighter: Comparative form of light: more light
I prefer a lighter shade of pink.
lightness: Agility of movement
lightness: The product of being illuminated
lightness: Freedom from worry
lightness: Levity, frivolity; inconsistency
Seneca accounts it a filthy lightness in men, every day to lay new foundations of their life, but who doth otherwise?.
lightness: The state of having little weight, or little force
lights: A butcher's term for the lungs of an animal (being lighter than adjacent parts)
lights: plural form of light
lights: Third-person singular simple present indicative form of light
lit: Abbreviated form of literature
lit: Simple past tense and past participle of light
lit: Intoxicated or under the influence of drugs; stoned
lit: To run, or light
lit: Sexually aroused (usually a female), especially visibly sexually aroused (e.g., labial swelling is present)
lighter: {n} a large boat used for unloading ships
lightly: {a} nimbly, easily, gaily, with levity
lightness: {n} want of weight, giddiness, levity
lights: {n} the lungs, the organs of breathing
Light bulbs: lb
Lighted: lit
Lights: lts
Lit: banzai
Lit: doyen
Lit: kulturkampf
Lit: prosit
Lit: meum
Lit: preadmission
Lit: bab
Lit: anthophilous
Lit: diaspora
Lit: pergola
Lit: cascaron
Lit: toison dor
Lit: pouf
Lit: tot
Lit: pouffe
Lit: sloyd
Lit: liederkranz
Lit: omicron
Lit: azogue
Lit: viva
Lit: memento mori
Lit: coquille
Lit: in rem
Lit: milord
Lit: tenno
Lit: spot
Lit: bundesrath
Lit: mare clausum
Lit: sandlot
Lit: pot shot
Lit: reconcentrado
Lit: witan
Lit: tuum
Lit: cui bono
Lit: milady
Lit: semitontine
Lit: pinto
Lit: weltanschauung
light blue: sky-colored
light box: a commercially available, electrically-powered instrument that provides artificial light; a treatment option for patients with Seasonal Affective Disorder, Advanced Phase Sleep Disorder, or Delayed Phase Sleep Disorder
light box: A device for viewing developed film or slides It consists of a box of backlit balanced light behind a glass or plastic surface on which the film or slides are placed for viewing
light box: In the description of any model pointe shoe, the maker will usually tell you what kind of box the shoe has A light box is a shoe that is usually going to be more flexible on demi-pointe, and will be broken in quicker A heavier box will not have the same flexibility, but will last a lot longer What type of box you get can depend on three things: what your teacher wants you to have, how strong your feet are, and what the shoe will be used for: performance or class As a rule, light boxes are used for performance and the harder boxes are used for class But, that rule goes out the door if your teacher thinks you need something else!
light box: An opening – typically over the entrance to a passage grave – which admits sunlight on specific occasions, such as sunrise on winter solstice, like the examples at Newgrange (Ireland) and Maes Howe (Orkney)
light box: A virtual container to collect your comp image choices until your final purchase decisions Resolution The ratio of pixels to linear distance, as in "dots-per-inch" or "pixels-per-centimeter" Resolution determines the amount of detail possible in a given area of a digital image
light brown: a brown that light but unsaturated
light bulb: A light bulb or bulb is the round glass part of an electric light or lamp which light shines from. = bulb. An electric light in which a filament is heated to incandescence by an electric current