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التركية - الإنجليزية

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liberalism

An economic theory in favour of laissez faire and the free market

Any political movement founded on the autonomy and personal freedom of the individual, progress and reform, and government by law with the consent of the governed

The quality of being liberal

opposition to conservatism

That school of capitalist philosophy which attempts to correct the injustices of capitalism by adding new laws to existing laws Each time conservatives pass a law creating privilege, liberals pass another law modifying privilege, leading conservatives to pass a more subtle law recreating privilege, etc , until "everything not forbidden is compulsory" and "everything not compulsory is forbidden "

A political philosophy "historically associated with the idea of freedom: the civil freedom of the individual: free political institutions; freedom of religion; free enterprise and free trade in economics " In its contemporary form, liberalism includes a belief in democratic capitalism, and in the duty of the state to alleviate social ills, and to protect civil liberties and individual and human rights (Alan Bullock and Oliver Stallybrass (eds ), The Fontana Dictionary of Modern Thought (London 1977), 347) Political parties calling themselves "Liberal" do not always reflect "liberal" values

A belief in freedom of political institutions, in tolerance, and a belief in constitutional rule not dictatorship

Liberal principles; the principles and methods of the liberals in politics or religion; specifically, the principles of the Liberal party

A political philosophy whose basic tenet is that each individual should have the maximum freedom consistent with the freedom of others

belief in social progress, the welfare state, active government, essential goodness of human race, the autonomy of the individual, and standing for the protection of political and civil liberties

a political orientation that favors progress and reform

refers to thinking from the Liberal school of thought that posits that an economic system based on the market and free trade operates under 'natural' laws and brings benefits to the population The Liberal school of thought, however, has changed and evolved over the years in particular with respect to the role of the state in the economy, which may be confusing Here are some categories that might help to clarify

{i} quality or condition of being liberal; political philosophy which supports the protection of an individual's political and civil liberties

A political movement founded on the autonomy and personal freedom of the individual, progress and reform, and government by law with the consent of the governed

Liberalism is the belief that people should have a lot of political and individual freedom. He was concerned over growing liberalism in the Church. liberal opinions and principles, especially on social and political subjects   conservatism. Political and economic doctrine that emphasizes the rights and freedoms of the individual and the need to limit the powers of government. Liberalism originated as a defensive reaction to the horrors of the European wars of religion of the 16th century (see Thirty Years' War). Its basic ideas were given formal expression in works by Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, both of whom argued that the power of the sovereign is ultimately justified by the consent of the governed, given in a hypothetical social contract rather than by divine right (see divine kingship). In the economic realm, liberals in the 19th century urged the end of state interference in the economic life of society. Following Adam Smith, they argued that economic systems based on free markets are more efficient and generate more prosperity than those that are partly state-controlled. In response to the great inequalities of wealth and other social problems created by the Industrial Revolution in Europe and North America, liberals in the late 19th and early 20th centuries advocated limited state intervention in the market and the creation of state-funded social services, such as free public education and health insurance. In the U.S. the New Deal program undertaken by Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt typified modern liberalism in its vast expansion of the scope of governmental activities and its increased regulation of business. After World War II a further expansion of social welfare programs occurred in Britain, Scandinavia, and the U.S. Economic stagnation beginning in the late 1970s led to a revival of classical liberal positions favouring free markets, especially among political conservatives in Britain and the U.S. Contemporary liberalism remains committed to social reform, including reducing inequality and expanding individual rights. See also conservatism; individualism

A political philosophy that elevates individual freedom and autonomy as its key organizing value

Liberalism is the political philosophy believing in intellectual freedom and progress, as well as economic equality Based on the works of John Maynard Keynes This "Modern Liberalism" grew out of Classical Liberalism; the political philosophy believing in economic and intellectual freedom

an economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market and the gold standard

an economic theory advocating free competition and a self-regulating market and the gold standard a political orientation that favors progress and reform

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