john pierpont morgan

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born April 17, 1837, Hartford, Conn., U.S. died March 31, 1913, Rome, Italy U.S. financier. The son of a financier, he began his career as an accountant in 1857 and became an agent for his father's banking company in 1861. In 1871 he was named a partner in the firm of Drexel, Morgan, which became the chief source of U.S. government financing. In 1895 it became J.P. Morgan and Co. In the 1880s and '90s Morgan reorganized several major railroads, notably the Erie Railroad and the Northern Pacific. He was instrumental in achieving railroad rate stability and discouraging overly chaotic competition, and he became one of the world's most powerful railroad magnates, controlling about 5,000 mi (8,000 km) of railway by 1902. After the panic of 1893, Morgan formed a syndicate to supply the U.S. Treasury's depleted gold reserves. He led the financial community in averting a general financial collapse following the stock-market panic of 1907. He financed a series of giant industrial consolidations, organizing the mergers that formed General Electric, United States Steel Corp., and International Harvester Co. (see Navistar International Corp.). A noted art collector, he donated many artworks to the Metropolitan Museum of Art; his book collection and the building that housed it became the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York City

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

John Morgan

born June 10, 1735, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S. died Oct. 15, 1789, Philadelphia U.S. medical educator. He studied medicine in Europe before returning to the American colonies to found their first medical school in 1765 at the University of Pennsylvania. As North America's first professor of medicine, he required a liberal education of his students and separated medicine, surgery, and pharmacology into distinct disciplines, policies widely opposed by colonial physicians. He was made head of the army's medical system in 1775; however, the Continental Congress did not let him organize the system and dismissed him in 1777, holding him responsible for the war's high death rate. Though absolved in 1779, he never recovered, and he died an impoverished recluse

John Pierpont Jr. Morgan

born Sept. 7, 1867, Irvington, N.Y., U.S. died March 13, 1943, Boca Grande, Fla. U.S. banker and financier. He joined J.P. Morgan and Co. in 1892 and took control of it in 1913 on the death of his father, J.P. Morgan. In World War I he served as purchasing agent in the U.S. for the British and French governments and organized the underwriting of more than $1.5 billion in Allied bonds. He pooled funds with other bankers in an unsuccessful attempt to prevent the crash of 1929. The Banking Act of 1933 compelled his firm to separate its investment-banking and commercial-banking activities. Morgan, Stanley and Co. became a new investment-banking firm, while Morgan himself remained head of J.P. Morgan & Co., which was from then on strictly a commercial-banking firm

الواصلة

John pierpont Mor·gan

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النطق

/ˈʤän ˈpərˌpänt ˈmôrgən/ /ˈʤɑːn ˈpɪrˌpɑːnt ˈmɔːrɡən/