john brown

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a US abolitionist (=someone who worked to end slavery) who tried to use violence to end slavery. With followers, he took over a government weapons establishment at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. He was caught and hanged for treason, During the American Civil War, a song called John Brown's Body became popular in the North. The song is still well known and contains the words John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave,/But his soul goes marching on (1800-59). born 1735, Buncle, Berwickshire, Scot. died Oct. 17, 1788, London, Eng. British physician. He propounded the "excitability" theory published in Elementa medicinae (1780), which classified diseases as over-or understimulating and held that internal and external "exciting powers," or stimuli, operate on living tissues. Brown viewed diseases as states of decreased excitability, requiring stimulants, or increased excitability, requiring sedatives. Hermann von Helmholtz discredited the theory. born May 9, 1800, Torrington, Conn., U.S. died Dec. 2, 1859, Charles Town, Va. U.S. abolitionist. He grew up in Ohio, where his mother died insane when he was eight. He moved around the country working in various trades and raised a large family of 20 children. Though he was white, he settled in 1849 with his family in a black community founded at North Elba, N.Y. An ardent advocate of overt action to end slavery, he traveled to Kansas in 1855 with five of his sons to retaliate against proslavery actions in Lawrence. He and his group murdered five proslavery settlers (see Bleeding Kansas). In 1858 he proposed to establish a mountain stronghold in Maryland for escaping slaves, to be financed by abolitionists. He hoped that taking the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, W.Va., would inspire slaves to join his "army of emancipation." In 1859 his small force overpowered the arsenal's guard; after two days it was in turn overpowered by federal forces led by Col. Robert E. Lee. Brown was tried for treason, convicted, and hanged. His raid made him a martyr to northern abolitionists and increased the sectional animosities that led to the American Civil War

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

John Brown's Body

a US folk song about John Brown, a man who fought against slavery in the US. Some of the words are: John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave,/But his soul goes marching on

John Seely Brown

{i} former head scientist in the worldwide photocopier company Xerox

الواصلة

John Brown

التركية النطق

cän braun

النطق

/ˈʤän ˈbroun/ /ˈʤɑːn ˈbraʊn/