A property of a system such that an output value is not a strict function of the corresponding input, but also incorporates some lag, delay, or history dependence, and in particular when the response for a decrease in the input variable is different from the response for an increase. For example, a thermostat with a nominal setpoint of 75° might switch the controlled heat source on when the temperature drops below 74°, and off when it rises above 76°
The maximum difference in output for any given input (within the specified range) when the value is approached first with increasing, and then with decreasing, input signals Caused by energy absorption in the elements of the measuring instrument Usually expressed as a percentage of full-scale range
The delay between the switching action of a control and the effect Can be enforced to prevent rapid short-term reversals in the control's state
The failure of a property that has been changed by an external agent to return to its original value when the cause of the change is removed
The mechanical energy loss that always occurs under cyclical loading and unloading of a spring, proportional to the are between the loading and unloading load-deflection curves within the elastic range of a spring
The maximum difference between output readings for the same measured point, one point obtained while increasing from zero and the other while decreasing from full scale The points are taken on the same continuous cycle The deviation is expressed as a percent of full scale
Difference between the critical points on heating and cooling due to tendency of physical changes to lag behind temperature changes
lag between an effect or response and the force that caused it (Physics); phenomenon in which a material's reaction to change is related its past reaction to the same type of stimulus
When an electrode system is returned to a solution, equilibrium is usually not immediate This phenomenon is often observed in electrodes that have been exposed to the other influences such as temperature, light, or polarization
In a valve with loose linkages, the air signal to the valve will have to change by an amount equal to the hysteresis before the valve stem will move Once the valve has begun to move in one direction it will continue to move if the air signal keeps moving in the same direction When the air signal reverses direction, the valve will not move until the air signal has changed in the new direction by an amount equal to the hysteresis
the irreversible magnetic flux density-versus-magnetic field strength (B-versus-H) behavior found for ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials I
The property of a material wherein its condition at any instant depends upon its preceding condition; the failure of the magnetism to retrace its path as the field H varies
Describes the dependence of a physical system on its previous history For instance, the change in sediment concentration in a stream as a result of a storm
Used to characterize a lagging effect Firms may fail to enter markets that appear attractive, or firms that are once invested in a market may persist in operating at a loss The effect is characteristic of investments with high entry and exit costs along with high uncertainty
Non-uniqueness in the relationship between two variables as a parameter increases or decreases Also called deadband, or that portion of a system's response where a change in input does not produce a change in output
The ability of FPF to maintain original characteristics after flexing Lower hysteresis values, or less IFD loss are desirable Indentation Force Deflection (IFD) - IFD is generally measured as the force (in pounds) required to compress a 50-square-inch circular indentor foot into a four inch thick sample, typically 15 inches square or larger, to a stated percentage of the sample's initial height Common IFD values are generated at 25 and 65 percent of initial height Note: Previously called "ILD (Indentation Load Deflection) "
The temperature difference between a phase transformation upon heating and cooling In NiTi alloys, it is generally measured as the difference between Ap and Mp
A lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces acting upon a body are changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; a temporary resistance to change from a condition previously induced, observed in magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc