helmut

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الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية
{i} male first name (German)

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Helmut Kohl
born April 3, 1930, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Ger. Chancellor of West Germany (1982-90) and of reunified Germany (1990-98). After earning a doctorate at the University of Heidelberg, he was elected to the Rhineland-Palatinate legislature and became the state's minister president (1969). In 1973 he was elected chair of the Christian Democratic Union, and in 1982 he became Germany's chancellor. Kohl's centrist policies included modest cuts in government spending and strong support for West German commitments to NATO. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, Kohl concluded a treaty with East Germany that unified the two countries' economic systems. Absorption of the moribund East German economy proved difficult, and Kohl's government had to increase taxes and cut government spending after unification. In 1998 his coalition government with the Free Democratic Party was defeated by the Social Democrats under Gerhard Schröder. Revelations of serious financial irregularities during Kohl's chancellorship soon emerged, tainting his reputation and weakening his party
Helmut Kohl
(born 1930) German chancellor (1982-1998)
Helmut Schmidt
{i} (born 1918) German politician who served as chancellor of West Germany from 1974 to 1982
Helmut Schmidt
born Dec. 23, 1918, Hamburg, Ger. German politician, chancellor of West Germany (1974-82). A member of the Social Democratic Party, he served in the Bundestag (1953-61, 1965-87). He was minister of defense (1969-72) and minister of finance (1972-74) before succeeding Willy Brandt as chancellor in 1974. A popular and capable chancellor, he continued the policy of Ostpolitik while maintaining West Germany's key position in NATO and the European Community. His refusal to cut West Germany's social welfare programs prompted the centrist Free Democrats to defect from his governing coalition. Losing his majority in the Bundestag, Schmidt resigned the chancellorship after a vote of no confidence in the Bundestag in October 1982. He was succeeded as chancellor by Helmut Kohl. Schmidt has written numerous books on German politics and international relations
helmut
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