الواصلة
es·pi·o·nageالتركية النطق
espiınäcالنطق
/ˈespēənäʤ/ /ˈɛspiːənɑːʤ/
علم أصول الكلمات
() Recorded since 1793, from French espionnage, from Middle French espionner (“to spy”), from Old French espion (“spy”), itself probably from a Germanic source (akin to Old High German spehon "spy"), possibly via Italian spione (from spia). More at spy