Describes a condition present from birth Congenital malformations include all disorders present from birth whether they are inherited or caused by environmental factors
Referring to a condition present at birth that may be hereditary (a genetic disorder), may be the result of a problem during pregnancy (such as a maternal infection), or may occur due to injury to the fetus prior to or at the time of birth
A congenital disease or medical condition is one that a person has had from birth, but is not inherited. When John was 17, he died of congenital heart disease. + congenitally con·geni·tal·ly congenitally deaf patients
present at birth but not necessarily hereditary; acquired during fetal development
A congenital characteristic or feature in a person is so strong that you cannot imagine it ever changing, although there may seem to be no reason for it. He was a congenital liar and usually in debt. = incorrigible + congenitally con·geni·tal·ly I admit to being congenitally lazy
(Tıp, İlaç) A physical defect present in a baby at birth that can involve many different parts of the body, including the brain, heart, lungs, liver, bones, and intestinal tract
(Tıp, İlaç) A physical defect present in a baby at birth that can involve many different parts of the body, including the brain, heart, lungs, liver, bones, and intestinal tract
Structural abnormality (e.g., atresia, agenesis), functional problem (e.g., cystic fibrosis, phenylketonuria), or disease present at birth. Almost all are due to genetic factors (inherited or spontaneous mutations, chromosomal disorders), environmental influences during pregnancy (rubella or other maternal factors, exposure to toxins or radiation), or both. The most sensitive period is the first eight weeks after conception, during which time the human embryo is essentially formed. Major congenital malformations form during this period. Some inherited disorders result from simple Mendelian dominance or recessiveness. Others may involve multiple genes. Chromosomal disorders are rare, because few affected fetuses survive to be born. Environmental influences may affect only one of a pair of identical twins. At least 30 significant defects probably occur per 1000 births. See also birth defect; Down syndrome
Deformity of the heart. Examples include septal defect (opening in the septum between the sides of the heart), atresia (absence) or stenosis (narrowing) of one or more valves, tetralogy of Fallot (with four components: ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, right ventricular enlargement, and positioning of the aorta so that it receives blood from both ventricles), and transposition of the great vessels (so the pulmonary and systemic circulations each receive blood from the wrong side of the heart). Such defects can prevent enough oxygen from reaching the tissues, so the skin has a bluish cast. Many are fatal if not corrected surgically soon after birth or, rarely, before birth, if detected prenatally. Abnormalities of the large vessels are usually less serious (see aorta, coarctation of; ductus arteriosus)