A condition or variable that is both a risk factor for disease and associated with an exposure of interest This association between the exposure of interest and the confounder (a true risk factor for disease) may make it falsely appear that the exposure of interest is associated with disease
A characteristic or factor that causes (or prevents) the health outcome of interest, and which is also correlated with the causative factors or characteristics being investigated Confounders, if not controlled for, cause bias in the estimate of the impact of the causative factors or characteristics being investigated {3} Use your browser's "BACK" button to return to the page you were viewing previously
be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly; "These questions confuse even the experts"; "This question completely threw me"; "This question befuddled even the teacher"
If someone or something confounds you, they make you feel surprised or confused, often by showing you that your opinions or expectations of them were wrong. The choice of Governor may confound us all
To mingle and blend, so that different elements can not be distinguished; to confuse
confounder
الواصلة
con·found·er
النطق
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[ k&n-'faund, kän- ] (transitive verb.) 14th century. Middle English, from Middle French confondre, from Latin confundere to pour together, confuse, from com- + fundere to pour; more at FOUND.