carbonate

listen to the pronunciation of carbonate
الإنجليزية - التركية
karbonatlamak
karbonat

Amonyum karbonat, organik bir bileşiktir. - Ammonium carbonate is an organic compound.

Karbonatlı suyu sever misin? - Do you like carbonated water?

{f} karbonatla
karbon asit tuzu veya esteri
(isim) karbonat
{f} karbonatlaştırmak
kömür haline koymak
{f} karbonata çevirmek
(Tıp) Karbonat, karbon asidi ile bir esansın bileşiminden hasıl olan bir tuz, kömür haline koymak, kömürleştirmek, yakmak
{f} kömürleştirmek
karbonat,v.karbonatla: n.karbonat
karbonatlı
carbonate of lime
kalsiyum karbonat
carbonate of lime
kireç karbonatı
carbonate of soda
sodyum karbonat
carbonate of ammonium
(Tekstil) amonyum karbonat
calcium carbonate
kalsiyum karbonat
calcium hydrogen carbonate
kalsiyum hidrojen karbonat
ammonium carbonate
amonyum karbonat
barium carbonate
baryum karbonat
carbon
karbon

Tom çok düşük karbon miktarına sahip olduğuna inanıyor. - Tom believes he has a very low carbon footprint.

Kömür sobasıyla uyumamalısınız. Çünkü karbonmonoksit olarak adlandırılan çok zehirli bir gaz içerir. Kömür sobasıyla uyumak ölümle sonuçlanabilir. - You shouldn't sleep with a coal stove on because it releases a very toxic gas called carbon monoxide. Sleeping with a coal stove running may result in death.

carbon
karbon kâğıdı ile çıkarılan kopya
carbonated
kömürleşmiş
carbonation
kömürleştirme
carbonation
karbonatlama
copper carbonate
bakır karbonat
iron carbonate
demir karbonat
lead carbonate
kurşun karbonat
lithium carbonate
lityum karbonat
magnesium carbonate
magnezyum karbonat
potassium carbonate
potasyum karbonat
sodium carbonate
çamaşır sodası
sodium carbonate
sodyum karbonat
acid sodium carbonate
asit sodyum karbonat
carbonation
karbonlama
carbon
{i} kopya

O, babasını kopyasıdır. - He's a carbon copy of his father.

carbon
kopya kağıdı ile çıkarılmış nüsha
carbon
carbon cycle karbon devresi
carbon
{i} karbon kâğıdı
carbon
carbon dioxide karbondioksit
carbon
lambacarbon copy karbon kopyası
carbon
{i} karbon kömür
carbon
(Nükleer Bilimler) karbon (C)
carbon
carbon monoxide karbon monoksit
carbon
(Tıp) C işaret iile bilinen atom no: 6 ve atom ağırlığı: 12.011 olan kimyasal element, karbon, fahm, kömür
carbon
{i} kopya kâğıdı
carbonated
karbondioksitli
carbonation
karbonasyon
carbonation
karbonatlaşma
carbonation
karbondioksit katma
carbonation
karbondioksitle kireç çökeltme
crystalline carbonate
kristalin karbonat
ethyl carbonate
(Kimya) etil karbonat
nickel carbonate
(Kimya) nikel karbonat
sodium carbonate
çamaşır suyu
to carbonate
karbonatlaştırmak
to carbonate
karbonatlamak
الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية
any salt or ester of carbonic acid
to charge (often a beverage) with carbon dioxide
{n} a salt formed by carbonic acid and a base
A salt or carbonic acid, as in limestone, some forms of lead ore, etc
A compound containing the radical CO3-2 It is found naturally occurring in ground water in contact with limestone or dolomite in the form of CaCo3 or MgCo3
Sediment, or rocks formed by sediment, derived from the precipitation of calcium, magnesium, or iron carbonates, (CaCO3, MgCO3, or FeCO3) either from inorganic or oganic sources For example, limestone or dolomite
A compound containing the radical CO3+2 or rock composed of carbonate minerals See carbonate rock
a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3) treat with carbon dioxide; "Carbonated soft drinks" turn into a carbonate
A salt or ester of carbonic acid (099)
The CO3- ion
Compound consisting of a single atom of carbon and three atoms of oxygen It has the following chemical structure CO3
Rock or sediment composed of more than 50 percent carbonate minerals such as limestone or dolomite
a compound containing carbon and oxygen (i e calcium carbonate a k a limestone)
(1) The collective term for the natural inorganic chemical compounds related to carbon dioxide that exist in natural waterways (2) A sediment formed by the organic or inorganic precipitation from aqueous solution of carbonates of calcium, magnesium, or iron The CO3-2 ion in the Carbonate Buffer System Combined with one proton, it becomes Bicarbonate, HCO3- and with two protons, Carbonic Acid The carbonate ion forms a solid precipitant when combined with dissolved ions of calcium or magnesium
The anionic constituent CO3 that has two negative charges as dissolved in water or present in a mineral
a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3)
{i} salt or ester of carbonic acid
Carbonate is used in the names of some substances that are formed from carbonic acid, which is a compound of carbon dioxide and water. 1,500 milligrams of calcium carbonate. carbonate of ammonia solution. Any member of two classes of chemical compounds one inorganic and the other organic that are derived from carbon dioxide (CO2) or its water solution, carbonic acid (H2CO3). Inorganic carbonates (MCO3 or M2CO3, where M is a metal atom of, e.g., calcium or sodium) are salts of carbonic acid. The shells and other hard parts of shellfish are calcium carbonate, as is the limestone they turn into. Many other minerals, including calcite, dolomite, and aragonite, consist of or contain carbonates. Sodium carbonate is one of the world's most important basic chemical commodities. Organic carbonates are esters of carbonic acid and various alcohol groups (methyl, ethyl, or phenyl). These are liquids used as solvents and to synthesize plastics and other compounds
a mineral compound composed of carbon and oxygen such as calcite
a salt or ester of carbonic acid (containing the anion CO3) treat with carbon dioxide; "Carbonated soft drinks"
Sediment formed by the organic or inorganic precipitation from aqueous solution of carbonates of calcium, magnesium, or iron
A compound containing carbon and oxygen; an example is calcium carbonate (limestone)
The CO32 ion
turn into a carbonate
A molecule containing the carbonate molecule (CO3 -2)
{s} contains carbon dioxide
1 an inorganic ion with a charge of -2, containing carbon bound directly to three oxygens in a in a flat triangular arrangement 2 A compound containing CO32- ions
Many rocks, such as limestone, contain Carbonate Chemical formula: CO3
To inject or dissolve carbon dioxide gas in beer
treat with carbon dioxide; "Carbonated soft drinks"
A mineral compound characterized by a fundamental anionic structure of CO3-2
{f} fill with carbon dioxide; turn into a carbon (by burning)
Minerals, rocks or, sediments composed of one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms (CaCO3), including the minerals calcite, aragonite, and dolomite
carbonate of lime
calcium carbonate
carbonate of potassium
potassium carbonate
carbonate mineral
Any member of a family of minerals that contains the carbonate ion, CO3^2-, as the basic structural unit. The carbonates are among the most widely distributed minerals in the earth's crust; the most common are calcite, dolomite, and aragonite. Dolomite replaces calcite in limestones; when this replacement is extensive, the rock is called dolomite. Other relatively common carbonate minerals are siderite, rhodochrosite, strontianite (strontium-rich); smithsonite (zinc-rich); witherite (barium-rich); and cerussite (lead-rich)
calcium carbonate
A colourless or white inorganic compound, CaCO3, occurring as chalk, limestone, marble etc; reacts with acids to liberate carbon dioxide
calcium carbonate
A colorless or white crystalline compound, CaCO, occurring naturally as chalk, limestone, marble, and other forms and used in a wide variety of manufactured products including commercial chalk, medicines, and dentifrices
calcium carbonate
CACO3, a widely distributed compound occurring in nature as limestone and marble as well as being a component of invertebrate exoskeletons
calcium carbonate
A colorless or white crystalline compound (CaCO3) occuring naturally as chalk, limestone, marble, and other forms
calcium carbonate
Chalk Used in papermaking as a filler or coating pigment
calcium carbonate
A mineral made of calcium carbon and oxygen, abundant in the oceans and in warm shallow water form limestone rocks
calcium carbonate
A salt, CACO3; under certain conditions, will precipitate out of the water of the Great Salt Lake, forming aragonite or calcite
calcium carbonate
Very abundant in nature as chalk, limestone and calcite
calcium carbonate
n a mineral made of calcium, carbon and oxygen (CaCO3) that often serves as a cement for rocks and fossils and is the primary component of limestone
calcium carbonate
Chemical compound (CaCO3) in limestone and marble Common component of sea water and may precipitate on the bottom of a sea, lake, etc
calcium carbonate
A white precipitate that forms in water lines, water heaters, and boilers, etc in hard water areas; also called scale
calcium carbonate
Scale that forms from calcium compounds when pool water is too alkaline, calcium hardness is too high or Total Alkalinity is too high These hard deposits accumulate on pool surfaces and equipment
calcium carbonate
Chemical compound with the formula CaCO3, a k a chalk Tends to raise pH; food grade calcium carbonate may be added in small amounts to brewing water if the pH is too low
calcium carbonate
is found in nature in the form of calcite, chalk and limestone It can be used in the production of cement, houses, pools, and various durable structures
calcium carbonate
An alkaline chemical used as a buffer in paper and boards
calcium carbonate
(CaCO3)- Scale that forms from calcium compounds when pool water is too alkaline, calcium hardness is too high or total alkalinity is too high These hard deposits accumulate on pool surfaces and equipment
calcium carbonate
{i} white chemical compound found in nature as chalk or calcite or limestone
calcium carbonate
– A white powder or colorless, crystalline compound, CaCO3, found mainly in limestone, marble, and chalk, and in bones, teeth, shells, and plant ash
calcium carbonate
An inorganic compound that occurs naturally as chalk and limestone Its very slight solubility in water is a chief cause of "hardness" in water
calcium carbonate
a molecule consisting of calcium, carbon and oxygen secreted by corals to their skeleton It is also secreted by mollusks to form their protective shells
calcium carbonate
CaCO3, one of the most stable, common, AND widely dispersed materials It occurs in oyster shells, chalk, limestone, marble and travertine, and is a major cause of boiler scale when hard water is used in heating systems It can be mined from natural surface deposits or precipitated (made synthetically) by reaction of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate in water solution, or by passing carbon dioxide through a suspension of hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) in water It is soluble in acids with evolution of carbon dioxide [2]
calcium carbonate
A chemical combination of calcium, carbon, and oxygen the main constituent of limestone It forms a tenacious scale in water-handling facilities and is a cause of water hardness Chemical symbol is CaCO3
calcium carbonate
` White rhombohedrons or a white powder; occurs naturally as calcite; used in paint manufacture, as a dentrifice, as an anti-caking medium to table salt, and in the manufacture of rubber tires Chemical formula CaCO3
calcium carbonate
Crystalline compounds formed in swimming pool and spa water when the calcium, pH and total alkalinity levels are too high Once formed, the crystals adhere to the plumbing, equipment, pool walls and bottom These crystals are better known as scale
calcium carbonate
Compound consisting of calcium and carbonate It has the following chemical structure CaCO3
calcium carbonate
(CaCO3) The principal hardness and scale-causing compound in water A white precipitate that forms in water lines, water heaters, and boilers in hard water areas; also known as scale Also the principal chemical composition of Tufa, a calcareous and siliceous rock deposit of springs, lakes, or ground water
calcium carbonate
a salt found in nature as chalk or calcite or aragonite or limestone
calcium carbonate
A white insoluble solid Occurs naturally as chalk, limestone, marble and calcite It is used as flux in glazes
calcium carbonate
crystalline deposits that can form on all under water surfaces, if the water is excessively high in calcium hardness High pH and high total alkalinity can worsen the problem
ammonium carbonate
The ammonium salt of carbonic acid, (NH4)2CO3; a white powder, smelling of ammonia, used in the preparation of smelling salts and baking powder
carbon
A sheet of carbon paper

Make sure the carbon is facing the second sheet of paper, before rolling it into the typewriter.

carbon
A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal
carbonated
Containing carbon dioxide gas under pressure, especially pertaining to beverages

Soda pop and soda water are carbonated drinks.

carbonation
The amount or level of dissolved carbon dioxide remaining in solution

Celia didn't eat at the diner anymore because she thought the carbonation in their fountain drinks was off.

dimethyl carbonate
The methyl ester of carbonic acid (CO(OCH3)2) that is used in organic synthesis as a methylating agent
hydrogen carbonate
carbonic acid
hydrogen potassium carbonate
potassium hydrogen carbonate
lithium carbonate
The lithium salt of carbonic acid, Li2CO3, used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics, and medically, in the treatment of bipolar disorder
magnesium carbonate
The magnesium salt of carbonic acid, MgCO3; it is a white powdery solid that occurs as magnesite and other minerals; it used as a mild base and in numerous industrial applications
potassium carbonate
The alkaline salt K2CO3, that is the major constituent of potash; it is used in the production of glass and some soaps
sodium carbonate
A salt, Na2CO3 formally derived from sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid; it is a white powder, soluble in water, with domestic, commercial and industrial uses; it occurs naturally as natrite
carbon
{n} a pure charcoal
carbonated
{a} combined with carbon
ammonium carbonate
a carbonate of ammonium; used in the manufacture of smelling salts and baking powder and ammonium compounds
carbon
An elemental material (C) representing a wide array of products dependent upon raw source, i e coal, petro-chemicals, wood, bone, coconut, etc Sorption properties vary widely dependent upon raw material and activation techniques
carbon
The base of all hydrocarbons; capable of combining with hydrogen in almost numberless hydrocarbon compounds The carbon content of a hydrocarbon determines, to a degree, the hydrocarbon's burning characteristics and qualities
carbon
A non–metal element found in all living things
carbon
Carbon is a chemical element that diamonds and coal are made up of. Nonmetallic chemical element, chemical symbol C, atomic number
carbon
Compare Diamond, and Graphite
carbon
Atomic weight 11
carbon
A chemical element found in all living things
carbon
A carbon rod or pencil used in an arc lamp; also, a plate or piece of carbon used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery
carbon
an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
carbon
In the context of carbon offsets, the mass of elemental carbon emitted or sequestered Used to provide consistency of measurements between different chemical configurations of carbon (e g , between carbon in CO2 and carbon in biomass) Carbon's molecular weight is 12, while the molecular weight of CO2 is 44 Multiplying by 3 67 takes a figure expressed in carbon tons to tons of CO2
carbon
a thin paper coated on one side with a dark waxy substance (often containing carbon); used to transfer characters from the original to an under sheet of paper
carbon
Symbol C
carbon
a chemical element that is found in all plants and animals, as well as in some nonliving things like rocks, coal, and petroleum
carbon
An application environment for Mac OS X that features a set of programming interfaces derived from earlier versions of the Mac OS The Carbon API has been modified to work properly with Mac OS X, especially with the foundation of the operating system, the kernel environment Carbon applications can run in Mac OS X, Mac OS 9, and all versions of Mac OS 8 later than Mac OS 8 1
carbon
Carbon dioxide, in the context of global warming and climate change
carbon
{i} chemical element; coal; copy, duplicate
carbon
A carbon copy
carbon
In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc
carbon
it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals
carbon
a copy made with carbon paper
carbon
The current set of programming interfaces, evolving from the previous Mac OS (Classic) toolbox API, migrated over to run on Mac OS X A distinction is now made between Carbon event handling (Mac OS X) and Classic event handling (Mac OS 9) This architecture implements a preemptive multitasking environment with protected memory
carbon
An element, the presence of which can be used to separate organic from inorganic compounds
carbon
- An element Atoms of carbon are the building blocks of living cells
carbon
What is Mac OS X?
carbon
sequestration generally refers to capturing carbon -- in a carbon sink, such as the oceans, or a terrestrial sink such as forests or soils -- so as to keep the carbon out of the atmosphere
carbon
Element number 6, both metal and non-metal Symbol C Crystaline forms are diamond and graphite Charcoal and coke are nearly pure carbon fuels Carbon molecules are the basis of all life The addition of carbon to iron makes steel Too much carbon makes steel into brittle cast iron See our Coal and Charcoal FAQ Density 2 25 g/cm3, 0813 lbs/cuin, diamond = 3 53 g/cm3, 1275 lbs/cuin, graphite = 2 51 g/cm3, 0907 lbs/cuin Los Alamos National Laboratory periodic table entry carbon
carbon
element that the ability to combine with itself forming either long chains, or closed chains called rings
carbon
An abundant, naturally occurring element, one form of which is graphite
carbon
An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds
carbon
Carbon content of particles in the water derived from living organisms (includes algae, waste products, dead or decayed organisms)
carbon
a copy made with carbon paper an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
carbon
The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6
carbon
When united with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds called hydrocarbons
carbon
A nonmetallic element found in all organic substances and in some inorganic substances, as diamonds, coal, graphite, charcoal and lampblack
carbon
A substance used for filtration See activated carbon
carbon
The usual stable isotope is carbon-12; carbon-13, another stable isotope, makes up 1% of natural carbon. Carbon-14 is the most stable and best known of five radioactive isotopes (see radioactivity); its half-life of approximately 5,730 years makes it useful in carbon-14 dating and radiolabeling of research compounds. Carbon occurs in four known allotropes: diamond, graphite, carbon black (amorphous carbon including coal, coke, and charcoal), and hollow cage molecules called fullerenes. Carbon forms more compounds than all other elements combined; several million carbon compounds are known. Each carbon atom forms four bonds (four single bonds, two single and one double bond, two double bonds, or one single and one triple bond) with up to four other atoms. Multitudes of chain, branched, ring, and three-dimensional structures can occur. The study of these carbon compounds and their properties and reactions is organic chemistry (see organic compound). With hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and a few other elements whose small amounts belie their important roles, carbon forms the compounds that make up all living things: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Biochemistry is the study of how those compounds are synthesized and broken down and how they associate with each other in living organisms. Organisms consume carbon and return it to the environment in the carbon cycle. Carbon dioxide, produced when carbon is burned and from biological processes, makes up about 0.03% of the air, and carbon occurs in Earth's crust as carbonate rocks and the hydrocarbons in coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The oceans contain large amounts of dissolved carbon dioxide and carbonates. carbon cycle carbon dioxide carbon monoxide carbon steel carbon 14 dating
carbon
One of the nine macronutrients Carbon is a major component of organic molecules, which are the building blocks of all organisms Humans breath air, plants "breath" carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide supplies the carbon necessary for plant health Plants growing outdoors will not be deficient in carbon
carbon
A non-metallic element - No 6 in the periodic table Diamonds and graphite are pure forms of carbon Carbon is a constituent of all organic compounds It also occurs in combined form in many inorganic substances; i e , carbon dioxide, limestone, etc
carbon
Element occurring as diamond and as graphite Carbon reduces many metals from their oxides when heated with the latter, and small amounts of it greatly affect the properties of iron Though classed as a nonmetallic, metallurgically, like boron, it is treated as a metal
carbon
film hygrometer element-An electrical hygrometer element constructed of a plastic strip coated with a film of carbon black dispersed in a hygroscopic binder Variations in atmospheric moisture content vary the volume of the binder and thus change the resistance of the carbon coating This element is characterized by high sensitivity and rapid response
carbon
A nonmetallic chemical element occurring in many inorganic compounds and all organic compounds Diamonds and graphite are pure carbon; carbon is also present, with other substances, in air, coal, and charcoal
carbon
A very common non-metallic element Carbon is present in all steel and is the main hardening element As carbon content increases, the hardenability increases Strength also increases with the carbon content up to approximately 85% carbon Ductility and weldability decrease with increasing carbon See hardenability, strength, ductility and weldability for more information
carbon
Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables
carbonated
Carbonated drinks are drinks that contain small bubbles of carbon dioxide. colas and other carbonated soft drinks. = fizzy. carbonated drinks contain small bubbles fizzy
carbonated
Containing carbon-dioxide gas under pressure
carbonated
Combined or impregnated with carbonic acid
carbonated
{s} impregnated with carbon dioxide; turned into carbon; combined with a carbon; turned into a carbonate; bubbly (of a drink)
carbonated
having carbonation (especially artificially carbonated)
carbonated
seltzer
carbonates
plural of carbonate
carbonating
present participle of carbonate
carbonation
The carbon dioxide dissolved in the liquid Also, the process of producing dissolved carbon dioxide by a variety of methods
carbonation
form of chemical weathering caused by rainwater that has absorbed carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and formed a weak carbonic acid The slightly acidic rainwater is then capable of dissolving certain minerals in rocks
carbonation
The chemical process in which carbon dioxide from the air unites with various minerals to form carbonates
carbonation
The state of having carbon dioxide gas dissolved in a liquid
carbonation
Carbonization
carbonation
{i} raising of the percentage of carbon in a metal
carbonation
(1) Carbon dioxide gas dissolved in a liquid 2) The process of dissolving carbon dioxide gas in a liquid
carbonation
The process of injecting or dissolving carbon dioxide gas in a liquid to create an effervescence of pleasant taste and texture In beermaking, one of three methods is used: injecting the finished beer with the carbon dioxide collected for this purpose during the primary fermentation kraeusening, or adding young fermenting beer to finished beer to induce a renewed fermentation priming (adding sugar) to fermented beer prior to bottling or to each bottle prior to capping to create a secondary fermentation within the bottle Sealed in the bottle or container it creates carbon dioxide gas which, being trapped, dissolves in the beer
carbonation
A process of chemical weatherizing whereby minerals that contain sodium oxide, calcium oxide, potassium oxide, or other basic oxides are changed to carbonates by the action of carbonic acid derived from atmospheric carbon dioxide and water
carbonation
Chemical reaction in which a base present in solution is converted to its carbonate/bicarbonate by passing carbon dioxide into the solution
carbonation
The process of dissolving carbon dioxide gas in a liquid, such as beer
carbonation
The addition of carbon dioxide to water to make it effervescent (bubbly) or to remove excess minerals
carbonation
a form of chemical weathering in which weak carbonic acid converts minerals into carbonate or bicarbonate compounds
carbonation
Addition of carbon dioxide gas to a beverage, imparting sparkle and a tangy taste and preventing spoilage. The liquid is chilled and cascaded down in an enclosure containing carbon dioxide (either as dry ice or a liquid) under pressure. Increasing pressure and lowering temperature maximize gas absorption. Carbonated beverages do not require pasteurization
carbonation
The act of dissloving carbon-dioxide into beer A highly carbonated beer will contain 2 5 times the volume of carbon dioxide as uncarbonated beer
carbonation
saturation with carbon dioxide (as soda water)
lead carbonate
A poisonous white amorphous powder, PbCO, used as a paint pigment
lithium carbonate
a white powder (LiCO3) used in manufacturing glass and ceramics and as a drug; the drug (trade names Lithane or Lithonate or Eskalith) is used to treat some forms of depression and manic episodes of manic-depressive disorder
lithium carbonate
A white granular powder, Li, used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics and in the treatment of depression and bipolar disorder
magnesium carbonate
A very light, odorless, white powdery compound, MgCO, used in a wide variety of manufactured products including inks, glass, dentifrices, and cosmetics
potassium carbonate
A transparent, white, deliquescent, granular powder, K, used in making glass, enamels, and soaps. Also called potash
potassium carbonate
a white salt (K2CO3) that is basic in solution; used to make glass and cleansing agents
sodium carbonate
A white powdery compound, Na, used in the manufacture of baking soda, sodium nitrate, glass, ceramics, detergents, and soap
sodium carbonate
a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper
sodium carbonate
soda, baking soda
carbonate
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