A word either descended from the same base word of the same ancestor language as the given word, or strongly believed to be a regular reflex of the same reconstructed root of proto-language as the given word
English queen and quean, Russian жена (žená), Icelandic kona and Irish bean are all cognates.
Either descended from the same attested source lexeme of ancestor language, or held on the grounds of the methods of historical linguistics to be regular reflexes of the unattested, reconstructed form of proto-language
In English, shirt is cognate to skirt, both descended from the Proto-Indo-European word *sker-, meaning to cut.
Words with a common ancestor Cognates allow reconstruction of Indo-European and Germanic English father, Latin pater, and Greek pater are cognates used in reconstructing *p@ter, a common Indo-European source for these words The consonants of the English form developed because of the Germanic First Sound Shift or Grimm's Law
One of a number of things allied in origin or nature; as, certain letters are cognates
Cognates are words from different languages which are related historically, eg English bath - German bad or English yoke - Hindi yoga Beware FalseFriends however
A cognate course is a class in a discipline or subject related to the concentration but which is offered by a different department For example, a cognate for a Political Science concentration might be a course in the History department A number of LS&A concentrations include cognate classes as part of the concentration requirements