Automatic Route Selection A technique where the telephone system looks at the digits being dialled to make an outside call and automatically routes the call via an alternate route For example a user in London may dial the DDI number of someone in the Aberdeen Office The phone system recognises that there is a tie-line to the Aberdeen office over which calls are free and automatically re-routes the call over the free circuit See also LCR
(Latin; "Ancient Art") Musical style of 13th-century France. The term was derived retrospectively to distinguish 13th-century music from that of the 14th century (Ars Nova). It is partly characterized by use of the six rhythmic modes, each being a rhythmic pattern that would recur throughout a piece, such as long-short (first mode) or short-long (second). Akin to the "feet" of poetry (see prosody), the relative lengths of long and short depended on the mode. The system broke down as composers began to use subdivisions of the short note. The musical genres of the Ars Antiqua included organum and the early motet
(Latin; "New Art") Musical style of 14th-century Europe, particularly France. As composers began to use ever shorter notes in their music, the old system of rhythmic modes (see Ars Antiqua) ceased to be adequate to describe it. In his treatise Ars nova (1323), Philippe de Vitry (1291-1361) proposed a way of relating longer and shorter notes by a metrical scheme the ancestor of time signatures whereby each note value could be subdivided into either two or three of the next-shorter note. Though seemingly abstract, this innovation had a marked effect on the sound of music because composers were better able to control the relative motion of several voices, and 14th-century music consequently sounds much less "medieval" to modern ears. De Vitry and Guillaume de Machaut are the principal composers of the Ars Nova. The term is sometimes extended to describe all 14th-century music, including that of Italy. See also formes fixes
New art The era of 14th-century French polyphony, in contrast to the 13th-century, which is often termed the ars antiqua This time period was characterized by new conventions of notation and a new emphasis on polyphonic song Some genres include: ballade, virelai, rondeau, madrigal, caccia, and the ballata