doğanın bütünlüğü inancı

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التركية - الإنجليزية
holism
A theory or belief that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts
(From xrefer com) This is the doctrine that societies should be seen as wholes, or as systems of interacting parts Analysis should, therefore, start from large-scale institutions and their relationships, not from the behaviour of individual actors Societies, in this view, have properties as wholes which cannot be deduced from the characteristics of individuals
{i} theory that entities are complete units and should be related to as such and not separated into parts
The idea that the whole brain mediates all functions (in contrast to the idea of localization of function)
the theory that the parts of any whole cannot exist and cannot be understood except in their relation to the whole; "holism holds that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts"; "holistic theory has been applied to ecology and language and mental states
A practice based on such theory or belief
Refers to the integration of mind, body, and spirit of a person and emphasizes the importance of perceiving the individual (regarding physical symptoms) in a "whole" sense Holism teaches that the health care system must extend its focus beyond solely the physical aspects of disease and particular organ in question, to concern itself with the whole person and the interrelationships between the emotional, social, spiritual, as well as physical implications of disease and health
Worldview, considering all phenomena interdependent in space and time The term holism is a neologism, composed during the 1920's by Jan Smuts, prime minister of South Africa It is based on the greek word holos, complete or integral
Holism is the belief that everything in nature is connected in some way. In the philosophy of the social sciences, the view that denies that all large-scale social events and conditions are ultimately explicable in terms of the individuals who participated in, enjoyed, or suffered them. Methodological holism maintains that at least some social phenomena must be studied at their own autonomous, macroscopic level of analysis, that at least some social "wholes" are not reducible to or completely explicable in terms of individuals' behaviour (see emergence). Semantic holism denies the claim that all meaningful statements about large-scale social phenomena (e.g., "The industrial revolution resulted in urbanization") can be translated without residue into statements about the actions, attitudes, relations, and circumstances of individuals
the view that wholes have some priority over the elements, members, individuals or parts composing them Social holism claims that individuals can be understood only in terms of the practices or institutions in which they take part and is a rival to some aspects of individualism Methodological holism and methodological individualism propose different methodological constraints on the study of phenomena without pronouncing on their real constitution, while metaphysical holism claims that wholes are distinct entities, whose existence cannot be reduced to that of the items composing them Holistic views in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of language propose that the meaning and truth of our claims cannot be assessed one by one, but must be assessed as part of theories, bodies of theory, or all we believe about the world
The doctrine that the universe-including life in all its forms and the inorganic environment -- is correctly seen in terms of interacting wholes that are more than the mere sum of elementary particles
The interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit; the view that holds that the whole is greater than and different from the sum of its parts
the view that everything in the universe is both interrelated and interdependent
The idea that ``the whole is greater than the sum of the parts '' Holism is credible on the basis of emergence alone, since reductionism and bottom-up descriptions of nature often fail to predict complex higher- level patterns [Gary William Flake, Computational Beauty of Nature: Computer Explorations of Fractals, Chaos, Complex Systems, and Adaptation, MIT Press, 1998] http: //mitpress mit edu/books/FLAOH/cbnhtml/glossary-intro html
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