africa

تعريف africa في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.: The continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica. It holds the following countries:; {n} a quarter of the globe; {i} continent south of Europe; a continent (=one of the seven main areas of land on the Earth) that is south of the Mediterranean Sea, and west of Asia and the Indian Ocean. Second largest continent on Earth. Portuguese West Africa Portuguese East Africa South West Africa Africa Roman Berlin West Africa Conference British East Africa French Equatorial Africa French West Africa German East Africa Horn of Africa National Party of South Africa North Africa campaigns South Africa Republic of Union of South Africa South West Africa People's Organization; The continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica. It holds the following countries; the second largest continent; located south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean; afric; af; The Dark Continent; Dark Continent
The Advertiser Adelaide, 10 November 1903.
British Central Africa: A former British protectorate in the area of present-day Malawi, between 1891 and 1907
Central Africa: A core region of the African continent which includes Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Rwanda
French Equatorial Africa: A federation in central Africa, stretching from the Sahara to the Congo River
French West Africa: French West Africa is the (literal) English rendering of Afrique Occidentale française (abbreviated AOC), a geographical group of French colonies in West Africa under the supervisory authority of a single governor-general, comprising the following colonised countries (present names as independent republics in perenthesis if different): Dahomey (Benin), French Guinea (Guinea), the French Sudan (Mali), Ivory Coast, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal and Upper Volta (Burkina Faso); the last governor-general was also the first of two successive High commissioners, charged with the transition to independence as independent republics, without a common administrative level
German East Africa: A former country and colony of Germany in Africa, spread mostly over present-day mainland Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi
Horn of Africa: A peninsula in East Africa that juts for hundreds of kilometers into the Arabian Sea
North Africa: The northern part of the continent of Africa
Portuguese East Africa: A former country and colony of Portugal in Africa, now called Mozambique
Portuguese West Africa: A former country and colony of Portugal in Africa, now called Angola
South Africa: Country in southern region of the African continent. Official name: Republic of South Africa
South West Africa: A former province of South Africa, which gained independence in 1990 and was renamed to Namibia
West Africa: An area of west Africa, spanning 16 African countries
Western Africa: An area of west Africa, spanning 16 African countries
sub-Saharan Africa: Africa south of the Sahara
sub-saharan africa: (Coğrafya) Sub-Saharan Africa is the term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara desert. Geographically, the demarcation line is the southern edge of the Sahara Desert
Back to Africa movement: political movement favoring the return of American blacks to their African homeland (the most famous of which was founded by Marcus Garvey in 1916)
Belgian East Africa: The former Belgian trust territory of Ruanda-Urundi, now divided into the independent countries of Rwanda and Burundi
Berlin West Africa Conference: (1884-85) Series of negotiations at Berlin in which the major European nations met to determine the future of Central Africa. The participants declared the Congo River basin region to be neutral, guaranteed freedom of trade and shipping for all colonial powers, forbade slave trading, and rejected Portugal's claims to the region
Black Africa: {i} area of Africa situated south of the Sahara Desert
Black Africa: Black Africa is the part of Africa to the south of the Sahara Desert. the part of Africa below the Sahara Desert, where most of the people are black
British East Africa: The former British territories of eastern Africa, including Kenya, Uganda, Tanganyika, and Zanzibar. Territory under former British control, Africa. British penetration of the area began at Zanzibar in the late 19th century. In 1888 the British East Africa Co. established claims to territory in what is now Kenya. British protectorates were subsequently established over the sultanate of Zanzibar and the kingdom of Buganda (see Uganda). In 1919 Britain was awarded the former German territory of Tanganyika as a League of Nations mandate. All these territories achieved political independence in the 1960s
British West Africa: The former British territories of western Africa, including Nigeria, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, Togoland, and Cameroons
Central Africa: {i} Central African Republic, landlocked country in central Africa that was formerly under French control and became independent in 1960; geographical area of Africa (comprises of: Central African Republic, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and Democratic Republic of the Congo)
East Africa: A region of eastern Africa including southern Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, and often other nearby areas
East Africa: {i} geographical region of east-central Africa (includes Burundi, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania and Uganda and other nearby regions)
Equatorial Africa: region of Africa located along the equator
French Equatorial Africa: A former federation (1910-1958) of French territories in west-central Africa comprising the present-day countries of Chad, Gabon, Congo, and Central African Republic. formerly French Congo Former federation of French possessions, western Central Africa. It was in existence from 1910 to 1959; its capital was Brazzaville. With independence in 1960, the former territory of Ubangi-Shari, to which Chad had been attached in 1920, became the Central African Republic and the Republic of Chad; the Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo; and Gabon became the Republic of Gabon
German East Africa: A former German protectorate of eastern Africa comprising much of what is now Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi. The protectorate was declared in 1885 and lasted until the Germans surrendered the territory after World War I. Former dependency of imperial Germany, corresponding to present-day Rwanda and Burundi, the continental portion of Tanzania, and a small section of Mozambique. German commercial agents arrived in 1884, and in 1891 the German imperial government took over administration of the area. During World War I, it was occupied by the British, who received a mandate to administer the greater part of it (Tanganyika Territory) by the Treaty of Versailles (1919). A smaller portion (Ruanda-Urundi) was entrusted to Belgium
German Southwest Africa: A former German colony of southwest Africa. It was annexed by Germany in 1885 and awarded to South Africa as the mandate of South-West Africa (now Namibia) by the League of Nations in 1919
Horn of Africa: the Horn of Africa the part of East Africa that includes Somalia and some of Ethiopia. Region of eastern Africa. The easternmost African extension of land between the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Aden, it is occupied by Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Djibouti, whose cultures have been linked throughout their long history
Italian East Africa: A former federation of Italian-held territories in eastern Africa, including Ethiopia, Eritrea, and part of present-day Somalia. It was formed in 1936 and lasted until the British World War II invasion of 1941
National Party of South Africa: South African political party that ruled the country in 1948-94. Its following includes most Afrikaners and many English-speaking whites. It was founded in 1914 by J.B.M. Hertzog to rally Afrikaners against the Anglicizing policies of the government of Louis Botha and Jan Smuts. From 1933 to 1939 Hertzog and Smuts joined a coalition government and fused their followings into the United Party. Some Nationalists, led by Daniel F. Malan, held out and kept the National Party alive, and in 1939 they accepted Hertzog back as their leader. After winning the 1948 elections and enacting a mass of racial legislation, the party named its policy apartheid. In 1961 it severed ties with the Commonwealth and made South Africa a republic. In opposition to liberalizing policies, much of its right wing split off to form the Conservative Party in 1982. Under F.W. de Klerk it began to seek repeal of racial laws. The National Party was defeated in South Africa's first universal elections in 1994 but participated in a coalition government with its longtime rival, the African National Congress. With the enactment of a new constitution in 1996, the Nationalists resigned from the government in protest. See also P.W. Botha
North Africa: northern part of Africa
North Africa: A region of northern Africa generally considered to include the modern-day countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya.North African adj. & n
North Africa campaigns: (1940-43) Battles in World War II for control of North Africa. After the 1940 victory by Italian troops in Egypt, the Italians were driven back into Libya by British troops. German reinforcements led by Erwin Rommel forced the British to retreat into Egypt after the defense of Tobruk. In 1942 the British under Bernard Law Montgomery counterattacked at the Battles of El Alamein and pushed the Germans west into Tunisia. In November 1942 U.S. and British forces under Dwight D. Eisenhower landed in Algeria and Morocco, then moved east into Tunisia. In May 1943 the Allies, advancing from east and west, defeated the Axis forces and forced the surrender of 250,000 Axis troops
Republic of South Africa: formerly Union of South Africa Southernmost country on the African continent
Roman Africa: Proconsular Roman province. It was founded after Rome defeated Carthage in 146 BC and was subsequently extended to include Numidia and the northern part of modern Libya. Between 30 BC and AD 180, other parts of northern Africa, including Cyrenaica, Marmarica, and Mauretania, became part of the Roman Republic and Empire. In the 5th century the region was taken by the Vandals, though areas were later reconquered by the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire; the Muslims conquered the area in 641
South Africa: A country of southern Africa on the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Originally inhabited by the San and Khoikhoin, the region was settled by various Bantu peoples c. 1500. European settlement began with the Dutch in the mid-17th century. The region passed to Great Britain in 1814 but was hotly contested by descendants of the Dutch settlers in the Boer War (1899-1902), in which Britain took possession of the entire territory, creating the Union of South Africa in 1910. South Africa declared itself a republic in 1961, severed ties with the British Commonwealth, and further consolidated the apartheid system, which was repealed beginning in 1989. An interim constitution ending white rule was adopted in 1993, and the first multiracial elections were held in 1994. Pretoria is the administrative capital; Cape Town, the legislative capital; and Bloemfontein, the judicial capital. Johannesburg is the largest city. Population: 40,436,000. South African adj. & n. a country in southern Africa south of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe. Population: 43,586,000 (2001). Capitals: Pretoria and Cape Town. Largest city: Johannesburg. Until the 1990s, the country was ruled by an all-white government using the system of apartheid, which separated people of different races and gave no political rights to black people. In 1994 the African National Congress ( ANC), led by Nelson Mandela, won South Africa's first fully democratic election and became the government. South Africa's best-known products are gold and diamonds
South West Africa People's Organization: Party in South West Africa (now Namibia) that advocated immediate independence from South Africa. Founded in 1960, it used diplomacy to attain its goals until 1966, when it turned to armed struggle. Led by Sam Nujoma and backed by the Angolan ruling party and the Soviet Union, SWAPO used Angola as a base for launching guerrilla attacks. From 1978 South Africa made periodic retaliatory strikes into Angola. That same year the UN recognized SWAPO as the Namibian people's sole representative. South Africa finally accepted a UN resolution requiring the withdrawal of South African troops in Namibia and the holding of free elections in 1988
South-Africa: {i} country on the southern tip of the African continent
Sub-Sahara Africa: region of Africa that is located south of the Sahara desert
West Africa: A region of western Africa between the Sahara Desert and the Gulf of Guinea. It was largely controlled by colonial powers until the 20th century.West African adj. & n
West Africa: region located in the western part of the African continent (includes Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, etc.)
east africa: a geographical area in eastern Africa
economic commission for africa: the commission of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations that is concerned with economic development of African nations
horn of africa: Somali peninsula: a peninsula of northeastern Africa (the easternmost part of Africa) comprising Somalia and Djibouti and Eritrea and parts of Ethiopia
north africa: an area of northern Africa between the Sahara and the Mediterranean Sea
south africa: a republic at the southernmost part of Africa; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1910; first European settlers were Dutch (known as Boers)
sub-saharan africa: the region of Africa south of the Sahara Desert
west africa: an area of western African between the Sahara Desert and the Gulf of Guinea