animal reproduction in which the egg cell did not undergo meiosis or fertilization
(Botanik, Bitkibilim) Asexual reproduction in plants, in particular agamospermy. Often contrasted with amphimixis
Reproduction by special tissues without fertilization. Examples include parthenogenesis in animals (in which a new individual develops from an unfertilized egg) and apogamy in plants (in which the generating tissue may be either the gametophyte or the sporophyte). Apomixis provides for the preservation of traits favourable to individual survival, but it eliminates the longer-term evolutionary advantage of genetic contribution from two parents
Reproduction in which sexual organs or related structures take part but fertilization does not occur, so that the resulting seed is vegetatively produced
Asexual seed produced without the normal fusion of pollen and egg giving rise to seedlings genetically identical to the pod parent; e g , H ventricosa